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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">tempfile</code> — Generate temporary files and directories</a><ul>
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 <section id="module-tempfile">
<h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-tempfile" title="tempfile: Generate temporary files and directories."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">tempfile</code></a> — Generate temporary files and directories<a class="headerlink" href="#module-tempfile" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
Source code: <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.10/Lib/tempfile.py">Lib/tempfile.py</a>
<hr class="docutils" id="index-0" />
This module creates temporary files and directories. It works on all
supported platforms. <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.TemporaryFile" title="tempfile.TemporaryFile"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">TemporaryFile</code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile" title="tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">NamedTemporaryFile</code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.TemporaryDirectory" title="tempfile.TemporaryDirectory"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">TemporaryDirectory</code></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile" title="tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">SpooledTemporaryFile</code></a> are high-level
interfaces which provide automatic cleanup and can be used as
context managers. <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkstemp" title="tempfile.mkstemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkstemp()</code></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkdtemp" title="tempfile.mkdtemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkdtemp()</code></a> are lower-level functions which require manual cleanup.
All the user-callable functions and constructors take additional arguments which
allow direct control over the location and name of temporary files and
directories. Files names used by this module include a string of
random characters which allows those files to be securely created in
shared temporary directories.
To maintain backward compatibility, the argument order is somewhat odd; it
is recommended to use keyword arguments for clarity.
The module defines the following user-callable items:
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tempfile.TemporaryFile">
tempfile.TemporaryFile(mode='w+b', buffering=- 1, encoding=None, newline=None, suffix=None, prefix=None, dir=None, *, errors=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#tempfile.TemporaryFile" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-file-like-object">file-like object</a> that can be used as a temporary storage area.
The file is created securely, using the same rules as <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkstemp" title="tempfile.mkstemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkstemp()</code></a>. It will be destroyed as soon
as it is closed (including an implicit close when the object is garbage
collected). Under Unix, the directory entry for the file is either not created at all or is removed
immediately after the file is created. Other platforms do not support
this; your code should not rely on a temporary file created using this
function having or not having a visible name in the file system.
The resulting object can be used as a context manager (see
<a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile-examples">Examples</a>). On completion of the context or
destruction of the file object the temporary file will be removed
from the filesystem.
The mode parameter defaults to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">'w+b'</code> so that the file created can
be read and written without being closed. Binary mode is used so that it
behaves consistently on all platforms without regard for the data that is
stored. buffering, encoding, errors and newline are interpreted as for
<a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#open" title="open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">open()</code></a>.
The dir, prefix and suffix parameters have the same meaning and
defaults as with <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkstemp" title="tempfile.mkstemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkstemp()</code></a>.
The returned object is a true file object on POSIX platforms. On other
platforms, it is a file-like object whose <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">file</code> attribute is the
underlying true file object.
The <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.O_TMPFILE" title="os.O_TMPFILE"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">os.O_TMPFILE</code></a> flag is used if it is available and works
(Linux-specific, requires Linux kernel 3.11 or later).
On platforms that are neither Posix nor Cygwin, TemporaryFile is an alias
for NamedTemporaryFile.
Raises an <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#auditing">auditing event</a> <code class="docutils literal notranslate">tempfile.mkstemp</code> with argument <code class="docutils literal notranslate">fullpath</code>.
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.5: The <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.O_TMPFILE" title="os.O_TMPFILE"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">os.O_TMPFILE</code></a> flag is now used if available.
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.8: Added errors parameter.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile">
tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w+b', buffering=- 1, encoding=None, newline=None, suffix=None, prefix=None, dir=None, delete=True, *, errors=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>This function operates exactly as <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.TemporaryFile" title="tempfile.TemporaryFile"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">TemporaryFile()</code></a> does, except that
the file is guaranteed to have a visible name in the file system (on
Unix, the directory entry is not unlinked). That name can be retrieved
from the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">name</code> attribute of the returned
file-like object. Whether the name can be
used to open the file a second time, while the named temporary file is
still open, varies across platforms (it can be so used on Unix; it cannot
on Windows). If delete is true (the default), the file is
deleted as soon as it is closed.
The returned object is always a file-like object whose <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">file</code>
attribute is the underlying true file object. This file-like object can
be used in a <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#with"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate">with</code></a> statement, just like a normal file.
Raises an <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#auditing">auditing event</a> <code class="docutils literal notranslate">tempfile.mkstemp</code> with argument <code class="docutils literal notranslate">fullpath</code>.
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.8: Added errors parameter.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py class">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile">
class tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile(max_size=0, mode='w+b', buffering=- 1, encoding=None, newline=None, suffix=None, prefix=None, dir=None, *, errors=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>This class operates exactly as <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.TemporaryFile" title="tempfile.TemporaryFile"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">TemporaryFile()</code></a> does, except that
data is spooled in memory until the file size exceeds max_size, or
until the file’s <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">fileno()</code> method is called, at which point the
contents are written to disk and operation proceeds as with
<a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.TemporaryFile" title="tempfile.TemporaryFile"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">TemporaryFile()</code></a>.
The resulting file has one additional method, <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">rollover()</code>, which
causes the file to roll over to an on-disk file regardless of its size.
The returned object is a file-like object whose <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">_file</code> attribute
is either an <a class="reference internal" href="io.html#io.BytesIO" title="io.BytesIO"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">io.BytesIO</code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="io.html#io.TextIOWrapper" title="io.TextIOWrapper"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">io.TextIOWrapper</code></a> object
(depending on whether binary or text mode was specified) or a true file
object, depending on whether <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">rollover()</code> has been called. This
file-like object can be used in a <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#with"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate">with</code></a> statement, just like
a normal file.
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.3: the truncate method now accepts a <code class="docutils literal notranslate">size</code> argument.
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.8: Added errors parameter.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py class">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tempfile.TemporaryDirectory">
class tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(suffix=None, prefix=None, dir=None, ignore_cleanup_errors=False)<a class="headerlink" href="#tempfile.TemporaryDirectory" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>This class securely creates a temporary directory using the same rules as <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkdtemp" title="tempfile.mkdtemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkdtemp()</code></a>.
The resulting object can be used as a context manager (see
<a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile-examples">Examples</a>). On completion of the context or destruction
of the temporary directory object, the newly created temporary directory
and all its contents are removed from the filesystem.
The directory name can be retrieved from the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">name</code> attribute of the
returned object. When the returned object is used as a context manager, the
<code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">name</code> will be assigned to the target of the <code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate">as</code> clause in
the <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#with"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate">with</code></a> statement, if there is one.
The directory can be explicitly cleaned up by calling the
<code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">cleanup()</code> method. If ignore_cleanup_errors is true, any unhandled
exceptions during explicit or implicit cleanup (such as a
<a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#PermissionError" title="PermissionError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">PermissionError</code></a> removing open files on Windows) will be ignored,
and the remaining removable items deleted on a “best-effort” basis.
Otherwise, errors will be raised in whatever context cleanup occurs
(the <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">cleanup()</code> call, exiting the context manager, when the object
is garbage-collected or during interpreter shutdown).
Raises an <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#auditing">auditing event</a> <code class="docutils literal notranslate">tempfile.mkdtemp</code> with argument <code class="docutils literal notranslate">fullpath</code>.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.2.
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.10: Added ignore_cleanup_errors parameter.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tempfile.mkstemp">
tempfile.mkstemp(suffix=None, prefix=None, dir=None, text=False)<a class="headerlink" href="#tempfile.mkstemp" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Creates a temporary file in the most secure manner possible. There are
no race conditions in the file’s creation, assuming that the platform
properly implements the <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.O_EXCL" title="os.O_EXCL"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">os.O_EXCL</code></a> flag for <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.open" title="os.open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.open()</code></a>. The
file is readable and writable only by the creating user ID. If the
platform uses permission bits to indicate whether a file is executable,
the file is executable by no one. The file descriptor is not inherited
by child processes.
Unlike <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.TemporaryFile" title="tempfile.TemporaryFile"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">TemporaryFile()</code></a>, the user of <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkstemp" title="tempfile.mkstemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkstemp()</code></a> is responsible
for deleting the temporary file when done with it.
If suffix is not <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>, the file name will end with that suffix,
otherwise there will be no suffix. <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkstemp" title="tempfile.mkstemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkstemp()</code></a> does not put a dot
between the file name and the suffix; if you need one, put it at the
beginning of suffix.
If prefix is not <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>, the file name will begin with that prefix;
otherwise, a default prefix is used. The default is the return value of
<a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.gettempprefix" title="tempfile.gettempprefix"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">gettempprefix()</code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.gettempprefixb" title="tempfile.gettempprefixb"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">gettempprefixb()</code></a>, as appropriate.
If dir is not <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>, the file will be created in that directory;
otherwise, a default directory is used. The default directory is chosen
from a platform-dependent list, but the user of the application can
control the directory location by setting the TMPDIR, TEMP or TMP
environment variables. There is thus no guarantee that the generated
filename will have any nice properties, such as not requiring quoting
when passed to external commands via <code class="docutils literal notranslate">os.popen()</code>.
If any of suffix, prefix, and dir are not
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>, they must be the same type.
If they are bytes, the returned name will be bytes instead of str.
If you want to force a bytes return value with otherwise default behavior,
pass <code class="docutils literal notranslate">suffix=b''</code>.
If text is specified and true, the file is opened in text mode.
Otherwise, (the default) the file is opened in binary mode.
<a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkstemp" title="tempfile.mkstemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkstemp()</code></a> returns a tuple containing an OS-level handle to an open
file (as would be returned by <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.open" title="os.open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.open()</code></a>) and the absolute pathname
of that file, in that order.
Raises an <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#auditing">auditing event</a> <code class="docutils literal notranslate">tempfile.mkstemp</code> with argument <code class="docutils literal notranslate">fullpath</code>.
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.5: suffix, prefix, and dir may now be supplied in bytes in order to
obtain a bytes return value. Prior to this, only str was allowed.
suffix and prefix now accept and default to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code> to cause
an appropriate default value to be used.
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.6: The dir parameter now accepts a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-path-like-object">path-like object</a>.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tempfile.mkdtemp">
tempfile.mkdtemp(suffix=None, prefix=None, dir=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#tempfile.mkdtemp" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Creates a temporary directory in the most secure manner possible. There
are no race conditions in the directory’s creation. The directory is
readable, writable, and searchable only by the creating user ID.
The user of <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkdtemp" title="tempfile.mkdtemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkdtemp()</code></a> is responsible for deleting the temporary
directory and its contents when done with it.
The prefix, suffix, and dir arguments are the same as for
<a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkstemp" title="tempfile.mkstemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkstemp()</code></a>.
<a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkdtemp" title="tempfile.mkdtemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkdtemp()</code></a> returns the absolute pathname of the new directory.
Raises an <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#auditing">auditing event</a> <code class="docutils literal notranslate">tempfile.mkdtemp</code> with argument <code class="docutils literal notranslate">fullpath</code>.
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.5: suffix, prefix, and dir may now be supplied in bytes in order to
obtain a bytes return value. Prior to this, only str was allowed.
suffix and prefix now accept and default to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code> to cause
an appropriate default value to be used.
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.6: The dir parameter now accepts a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-path-like-object">path-like object</a>.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tempfile.gettempdir">
tempfile.gettempdir()<a class="headerlink" href="#tempfile.gettempdir" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return the name of the directory used for temporary files. This
defines the default value for the dir argument to all functions
in this module.
Python searches a standard list of directories to find one which
the calling user can create files in. The list is:
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>The directory named by the <code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">TMPDIR</code> environment variable.</li>
<li>The directory named by the <code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">TEMP</code> environment variable.</li>
<li>The directory named by the <code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate">TMP</code> environment variable.</li>
<li>A platform-specific location:
<ul class="simple">
<li>On Windows, the directories <code class="file docutils literal notranslate">C:\TEMP</code>, <code class="file docutils literal notranslate">C:\TMP</code>,
<code class="file docutils literal notranslate">\TEMP</code>, and <code class="file docutils literal notranslate">\TMP</code>, in that order.</li>
<li>On all other platforms, the directories <code class="file docutils literal notranslate">/tmp</code>, <code class="file docutils literal notranslate">/var/tmp</code>, and
<code class="file docutils literal notranslate">/usr/tmp</code>, in that order.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>As a last resort, the current working directory.</li>
</ol>
The result of this search is cached, see the description of
<a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.tempdir" title="tempfile.tempdir"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">tempdir</code></a> below.
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.10: Always returns a str. Previously it would return any <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.tempdir" title="tempfile.tempdir"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">tempdir</code></a>
value regardless of type so long as it was not <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tempfile.gettempdirb">
tempfile.gettempdirb()<a class="headerlink" href="#tempfile.gettempdirb" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Same as <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.gettempdir" title="tempfile.gettempdir"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">gettempdir()</code></a> but the return value is in bytes.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.5.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tempfile.gettempprefix">
tempfile.gettempprefix()<a class="headerlink" href="#tempfile.gettempprefix" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return the filename prefix used to create temporary files. This does not
contain the directory component.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tempfile.gettempprefixb">
tempfile.gettempprefixb()<a class="headerlink" href="#tempfile.gettempprefixb" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Same as <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.gettempprefix" title="tempfile.gettempprefix"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">gettempprefix()</code></a> but the return value is in bytes.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.5.
</div>
</dd></dl>

The module uses a global variable to store the name of the directory
used for temporary files returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.gettempdir" title="tempfile.gettempdir"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">gettempdir()</code></a>. It can be
set directly to override the selection process, but this is discouraged.
All functions in this module take a dir argument which can be used
to specify the directory. This is the recommended approach that does
not surprise other unsuspecting code by changing global API behavior.
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tempfile.tempdir">
tempfile.tempdir<a class="headerlink" href="#tempfile.tempdir" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>When set to a value other than <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>, this variable defines the
default value for the dir argument to the functions defined in this
module, including its type, bytes or str. It cannot be a
<a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-path-like-object">path-like object</a>.
If <code class="docutils literal notranslate">tempdir</code> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code> (the default) at any call to any of the above
functions except <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.gettempprefix" title="tempfile.gettempprefix"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">gettempprefix()</code></a> it is initialized following the
algorithm described in <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.gettempdir" title="tempfile.gettempdir"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">gettempdir()</code></a>.
<div class="admonition note">
Note
Beware that if you set <code class="docutils literal notranslate">tempdir</code> to a bytes value, there is a
nasty side effect: The global default return type of
<a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkstemp" title="tempfile.mkstemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkstemp()</code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkdtemp" title="tempfile.mkdtemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkdtemp()</code></a> changes to bytes when no
explicit <code class="docutils literal notranslate">prefix</code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate">suffix</code>, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate">dir</code> arguments of type
str are supplied. Please do not write code expecting or
depending on this. This awkward behavior is maintained for
compatibility with the historical implementation.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<section id="examples">
<h2>Examples<a class="headerlink" href="#examples" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
Here are some examples of typical usage of the <a class="reference internal" href="#module-tempfile" title="tempfile: Generate temporary files and directories."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">tempfile</code></a> module:
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt;&gt;&gt; import tempfile

# create a temporary file and write some data to it
&gt;&gt;&gt; fp = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
&gt;&gt;&gt; fp.write(b&#39;Hello world!&#39;)
# read data from file
&gt;&gt;&gt; fp.seek(0)
&gt;&gt;&gt; fp.read()
b&#39;Hello world!&#39;
# close the file, it will be removed
&gt;&gt;&gt; fp.close()

# create a temporary file using a context manager
&gt;&gt;&gt; with tempfile.TemporaryFile() as fp:
... fp.write(b&#39;Hello world!&#39;)
... fp.seek(0)
... fp.read()
b&#39;Hello world!&#39;
&gt;&gt;&gt;
# file is now closed and removed

# create a temporary directory using the context manager
&gt;&gt;&gt; with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdirname:
... print(&#39;created temporary directory&#39;, tmpdirname)
&gt;&gt;&gt;
# directory and contents have been removed
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="deprecated-functions-and-variables">
<h2>Deprecated functions and variables<a class="headerlink" href="#deprecated-functions-and-variables" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
A historical way to create temporary files was to first generate a
file name with the <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mktemp" title="tempfile.mktemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mktemp()</code></a> function and then create a file
using this name. Unfortunately this is not secure, because a different
process may create a file with this name in the time between the call
to <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mktemp" title="tempfile.mktemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mktemp()</code></a> and the subsequent attempt to create the file by the
first process. The solution is to combine the two steps and create the
file immediately. This approach is used by <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkstemp" title="tempfile.mkstemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkstemp()</code></a> and the
other functions described above.
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tempfile.mktemp">
tempfile.mktemp(suffix='', prefix='tmp', dir=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#tempfile.mktemp" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><div class="deprecated">
Deprecated since version 2.3: Use <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkstemp" title="tempfile.mkstemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkstemp()</code></a> instead.
</div>
Return an absolute pathname of a file that did not exist at the time the
call is made. The prefix, suffix, and dir arguments are similar
to those of <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mkstemp" title="tempfile.mkstemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mkstemp()</code></a>, except that bytes file names, <code class="docutils literal notranslate">suffix=None</code>
and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">prefix=None</code> are not supported.
<div class="admonition warning">
Warning
Use of this function may introduce a security hole in your program. By
the time you get around to doing anything with the file name it returns,
someone else may have beaten you to the punch. <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.mktemp" title="tempfile.mktemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">mktemp()</code></a> usage can
be replaced easily with <a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile" title="tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">NamedTemporaryFile()</code></a>, passing it the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">delete=False</code> parameter:
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>&gt;&gt;&gt; f = NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False)
&gt;&gt;&gt; f.name
&#39;/tmp/tmptjujjt&#39;
&gt;&gt;&gt; f.write(b&quot;Hello World!\n&quot;)
13
&gt;&gt;&gt; f.close()
&gt;&gt;&gt; os.unlink(f.name)
&gt;&gt;&gt; os.path.exists(f.name)
False
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