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 <section id="module-stat">
<h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-stat" title="stat: Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(), os.lstat() and os.fstat()."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">stat</code></a> — Interpreting <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.stat" title="os.stat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">stat()</code></a> results<a class="headerlink" href="#module-stat" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
Source code: <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.10/Lib/stat.py">Lib/stat.py</a>
<hr class="docutils" />
The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-stat" title="stat: Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(), os.lstat() and os.fstat()."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">stat</code></a> module defines constants and functions for interpreting the
results of <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.stat" title="os.stat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.stat()</code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.fstat" title="os.fstat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.fstat()</code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.lstat" title="os.lstat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.lstat()</code></a> (if they
exist). For complete details about the <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">stat()</code>, <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">fstat()</code> and
<code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">lstat()</code> calls, consult the documentation for your system.
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.4: The stat module is backed by a C implementation.
</div>
The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-stat" title="stat: Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(), os.lstat() and os.fstat()."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">stat</code></a> module defines the following functions to test for specific file
types:
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_ISDIR">
stat.S_ISDIR(mode)<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISDIR" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return non-zero if the mode is from a directory.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_ISCHR">
stat.S_ISCHR(mode)<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISCHR" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return non-zero if the mode is from a character special device file.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_ISBLK">
stat.S_ISBLK(mode)<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISBLK" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return non-zero if the mode is from a block special device file.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_ISREG">
stat.S_ISREG(mode)<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISREG" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return non-zero if the mode is from a regular file.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_ISFIFO">
stat.S_ISFIFO(mode)<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISFIFO" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return non-zero if the mode is from a FIFO (named pipe).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_ISLNK">
stat.S_ISLNK(mode)<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISLNK" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return non-zero if the mode is from a symbolic link.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_ISSOCK">
stat.S_ISSOCK(mode)<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISSOCK" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return non-zero if the mode is from a socket.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_ISDOOR">
stat.S_ISDOOR(mode)<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISDOOR" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return non-zero if the mode is from a door.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.4.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_ISPORT">
stat.S_ISPORT(mode)<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISPORT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return non-zero if the mode is from an event port.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.4.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_ISWHT">
stat.S_ISWHT(mode)<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISWHT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return non-zero if the mode is from a whiteout.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.4.
</div>
</dd></dl>

Two additional functions are defined for more general manipulation of the file’s
mode:
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IMODE">
stat.S_IMODE(mode)<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IMODE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return the portion of the file’s mode that can be set by
<a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.chmod" title="os.chmod"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.chmod()</code></a>—that is, the file’s permission bits, plus the sticky
bit, set-group-id, and set-user-id bits (on systems that support them).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IFMT">
stat.S_IFMT(mode)<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFMT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return the portion of the file’s mode that describes the file type (used by the
<code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">S_IS*()</code> functions above).
</dd></dl>

Normally, you would use the <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.path.is*()</code> functions for testing the type
of a file; the functions here are useful when you are doing multiple tests of
the same file and wish to avoid the overhead of the <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">stat()</code> system call
for each test. These are also useful when checking for information about a file
that isn’t handled by <a class="reference internal" href="os.path.html#module-os.path" title="os.path: Operations on pathnames."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">os.path</code></a>, like the tests for block and character
devices.
Example:
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>import os, sys
from stat import *

def walktree(top, callback):
 &#39;&#39;&#39;recursively descend the directory tree rooted at top,
 calling the callback function for each regular file&#39;&#39;&#39;

for f in os.listdir(top):
 pathname = os.path.join(top, f)
 mode = os.lstat(pathname).st_mode
 if S_ISDIR(mode):
 # It&#39;s a directory, recurse into it
 walktree(pathname, callback)
 elif S_ISREG(mode):
 # It&#39;s a file, call the callback function
 callback(pathname)
 else:
 # Unknown file type, print a message
 print(&#39;Skipping %s&#39; % pathname)

def visitfile(file):
 print(&#39;visiting&#39;, file)

if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
 walktree(sys.argv[1], visitfile)
</pre></div>
</div>
An additional utility function is provided to convert a file’s mode in a human
readable string:
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.filemode">
stat.filemode(mode)<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.filemode" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Convert a file’s mode to a string of the form ‘-rwxrwxrwx’.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.3.
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
Changed in version 3.4: The function supports <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IFDOOR" title="stat.S_IFDOOR"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">S_IFDOOR</code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IFPORT" title="stat.S_IFPORT"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">S_IFPORT</code></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IFWHT" title="stat.S_IFWHT"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">S_IFWHT</code></a>.
</div>
</dd></dl>

All the variables below are simply symbolic indexes into the 10-tuple returned
by <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.stat" title="os.stat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.stat()</code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.fstat" title="os.fstat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.fstat()</code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.lstat" title="os.lstat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.lstat()</code></a>.
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.ST_MODE">
stat.ST_MODE<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_MODE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Inode protection mode.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.ST_INO">
stat.ST_INO<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_INO" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Inode number.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.ST_DEV">
stat.ST_DEV<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_DEV" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Device inode resides on.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.ST_NLINK">
stat.ST_NLINK<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_NLINK" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Number of links to the inode.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.ST_UID">
stat.ST_UID<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_UID" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>User id of the owner.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.ST_GID">
stat.ST_GID<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_GID" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Group id of the owner.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.ST_SIZE">
stat.ST_SIZE<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_SIZE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Size in bytes of a plain file; amount of data waiting on some special files.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.ST_ATIME">
stat.ST_ATIME<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_ATIME" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Time of last access.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.ST_MTIME">
stat.ST_MTIME<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_MTIME" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Time of last modification.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.ST_CTIME">
stat.ST_CTIME<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_CTIME" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The “ctime” as reported by the operating system. On some systems (like Unix) is
the time of the last metadata change, and, on others (like Windows), is the
creation time (see platform documentation for details).
</dd></dl>

The interpretation of “file size” changes according to the file type. For plain
files this is the size of the file in bytes. For FIFOs and sockets under most
flavors of Unix (including Linux in particular), the “size” is the number of
bytes waiting to be read at the time of the call to <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.stat" title="os.stat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.stat()</code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.fstat" title="os.fstat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.fstat()</code></a>, or <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.lstat" title="os.lstat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.lstat()</code></a>; this can sometimes be useful, especially
for polling one of these special files after a non-blocking open. The meaning
of the size field for other character and block devices varies more, depending
on the implementation of the underlying system call.
The variables below define the flags used in the <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.ST_MODE" title="stat.ST_MODE"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">ST_MODE</code></a> field.
Use of the functions above is more portable than use of the first set of flags:
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IFSOCK">
stat.S_IFSOCK<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFSOCK" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Socket.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IFLNK">
stat.S_IFLNK<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFLNK" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Symbolic link.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IFREG">
stat.S_IFREG<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFREG" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Regular file.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IFBLK">
stat.S_IFBLK<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFBLK" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Block device.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IFDIR">
stat.S_IFDIR<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFDIR" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Directory.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IFCHR">
stat.S_IFCHR<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFCHR" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Character device.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IFIFO">
stat.S_IFIFO<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFIFO" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>FIFO.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IFDOOR">
stat.S_IFDOOR<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFDOOR" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Door.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.4.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IFPORT">
stat.S_IFPORT<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFPORT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Event port.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.4.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IFWHT">
stat.S_IFWHT<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFWHT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Whiteout.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.4.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<div class="admonition note">
Note
<a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IFDOOR" title="stat.S_IFDOOR"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">S_IFDOOR</code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IFPORT" title="stat.S_IFPORT"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">S_IFPORT</code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IFWHT" title="stat.S_IFWHT"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">S_IFWHT</code></a> are defined as
0 when the platform does not have support for the file types.
</div>
The following flags can also be used in the mode argument of <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.chmod" title="os.chmod"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.chmod()</code></a>:
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_ISUID">
stat.S_ISUID<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISUID" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Set UID bit.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_ISGID">
stat.S_ISGID<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISGID" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Set-group-ID bit. This bit has several special uses. For a directory
it indicates that BSD semantics is to be used for that directory:
files created there inherit their group ID from the directory, not
from the effective group ID of the creating process, and directories
created there will also get the <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_ISGID" title="stat.S_ISGID"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">S_ISGID</code></a> bit set. For a
file that does not have the group execution bit (<a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IXGRP" title="stat.S_IXGRP"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">S_IXGRP</code></a>)
set, the set-group-ID bit indicates mandatory file/record locking
(see also <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_ENFMT" title="stat.S_ENFMT"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">S_ENFMT</code></a>).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_ISVTX">
stat.S_ISVTX<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISVTX" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Sticky bit. When this bit is set on a directory it means that a file
in that directory can be renamed or deleted only by the owner of the
file, by the owner of the directory, or by a privileged process.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IRWXU">
stat.S_IRWXU<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IRWXU" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Mask for file owner permissions.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IRUSR">
stat.S_IRUSR<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IRUSR" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Owner has read permission.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IWUSR">
stat.S_IWUSR<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IWUSR" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Owner has write permission.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IXUSR">
stat.S_IXUSR<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IXUSR" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Owner has execute permission.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IRWXG">
stat.S_IRWXG<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IRWXG" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Mask for group permissions.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IRGRP">
stat.S_IRGRP<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IRGRP" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Group has read permission.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IWGRP">
stat.S_IWGRP<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IWGRP" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Group has write permission.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IXGRP">
stat.S_IXGRP<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IXGRP" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Group has execute permission.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IRWXO">
stat.S_IRWXO<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IRWXO" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Mask for permissions for others (not in group).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IROTH">
stat.S_IROTH<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IROTH" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Others have read permission.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IWOTH">
stat.S_IWOTH<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IWOTH" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Others have write permission.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IXOTH">
stat.S_IXOTH<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IXOTH" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Others have execute permission.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_ENFMT">
stat.S_ENFMT<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ENFMT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>System V file locking enforcement. This flag is shared with <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_ISGID" title="stat.S_ISGID"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">S_ISGID</code></a>:
file/record locking is enforced on files that do not have the group
execution bit (<a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IXGRP" title="stat.S_IXGRP"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">S_IXGRP</code></a>) set.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IREAD">
stat.S_IREAD<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IREAD" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Unix V7 synonym for <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IRUSR" title="stat.S_IRUSR"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">S_IRUSR</code></a>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IWRITE">
stat.S_IWRITE<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IWRITE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Unix V7 synonym for <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IWUSR" title="stat.S_IWUSR"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">S_IWUSR</code></a>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.S_IEXEC">
stat.S_IEXEC<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IEXEC" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Unix V7 synonym for <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IXUSR" title="stat.S_IXUSR"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">S_IXUSR</code></a>.
</dd></dl>

The following flags can be used in the flags argument of <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.chflags" title="os.chflags"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.chflags()</code></a>:
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.UF_NODUMP">
stat.UF_NODUMP<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.UF_NODUMP" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Do not dump the file.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.UF_IMMUTABLE">
stat.UF_IMMUTABLE<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.UF_IMMUTABLE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The file may not be changed.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.UF_APPEND">
stat.UF_APPEND<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.UF_APPEND" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The file may only be appended to.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.UF_OPAQUE">
stat.UF_OPAQUE<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.UF_OPAQUE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The directory is opaque when viewed through a union stack.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.UF_NOUNLINK">
stat.UF_NOUNLINK<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.UF_NOUNLINK" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The file may not be renamed or deleted.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.UF_COMPRESSED">
stat.UF_COMPRESSED<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.UF_COMPRESSED" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The file is stored compressed (macOS 10.6+).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.UF_HIDDEN">
stat.UF_HIDDEN<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.UF_HIDDEN" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The file should not be displayed in a GUI (macOS 10.5+).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.SF_ARCHIVED">
stat.SF_ARCHIVED<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.SF_ARCHIVED" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The file may be archived.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.SF_IMMUTABLE">
stat.SF_IMMUTABLE<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.SF_IMMUTABLE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The file may not be changed.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.SF_APPEND">
stat.SF_APPEND<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.SF_APPEND" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The file may only be appended to.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.SF_NOUNLINK">
stat.SF_NOUNLINK<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.SF_NOUNLINK" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The file may not be renamed or deleted.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.SF_SNAPSHOT">
stat.SF_SNAPSHOT<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.SF_SNAPSHOT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The file is a snapshot file.
</dd></dl>

See the *BSD or macOS systems man page <a class="manpage reference external" href="https://manpages.debian.org/chflags(2)">chflags(2)</a> for more information.
On Windows, the following file attribute constants are available for use when
testing bits in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">st_file_attributes</code> member returned by <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.stat" title="os.stat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.stat()</code></a>.
See the <a class="reference external" href="https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/gg258117.aspx">Windows API documentation</a>
for more detail on the meaning of these constants.
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCRYPTED">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCRYPTED<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCRYPTED" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_INTEGRITY_STREAM">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_INTEGRITY_STREAM<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_INTEGRITY_STREAM" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SCRUB_DATA">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SCRUB_DATA<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SCRUB_DATA" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_VIRTUAL">
stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_VIRTUAL<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_VIRTUAL" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.5.
</div>
</dd></dl>

On Windows, the following constants are available for comparing against the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">st_reparse_tag</code> member returned by <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.lstat" title="os.lstat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">os.lstat()</code></a>. These are well-known
constants, but are not an exhaustive list.
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK">
stat.IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT">
stat.IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="stat.IO_REPARSE_TAG_APPEXECLINK">
stat.IO_REPARSE_TAG_APPEXECLINK<a class="headerlink" href="#stat.IO_REPARSE_TAG_APPEXECLINK" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.8.
</div>
</dd></dl>

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