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 <section id="module-bdb">
<h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-bdb" title="bdb: Debugger framework."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">bdb</code></a> — Debugger framework<a class="headerlink" href="#module-bdb" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
Source code: <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.10/Lib/bdb.py">Lib/bdb.py</a>
<hr class="docutils" />
The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-bdb" title="bdb: Debugger framework."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">bdb</code></a> module handles basic debugger functions, like setting breakpoints
or managing execution via the debugger.
The following exception is defined:
<dl class="py exception">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.BdbQuit">
exception bdb.BdbQuit<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.BdbQuit" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Exception raised by the <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb" title="bdb.Bdb"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Bdb</code></a> class for quitting the debugger.
</dd></dl>

The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-bdb" title="bdb: Debugger framework."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">bdb</code></a> module also defines two classes:
<dl class="py class">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint">
class bdb.Breakpoint(self, file, line, temporary=False, cond=None, funcname=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>This class implements temporary breakpoints, ignore counts, disabling and
(re-)enabling, and conditionals.
Breakpoints are indexed by number through a list called <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.bpbynumber" title="bdb.Breakpoint.bpbynumber"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">bpbynumber</code></a>
and by <code class="docutils literal notranslate">(file, line)</code> pairs through <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.bplist" title="bdb.Breakpoint.bplist"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">bplist</code></a>. The former points to
a single instance of class <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="bdb.Breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint</code></a>. The latter points to a list
of such instances since there may be more than one breakpoint per line.
When creating a breakpoint, its associated <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.file" title="bdb.Breakpoint.file"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">file name</code></a> should
be in canonical form. If a <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.funcname" title="bdb.Breakpoint.funcname"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">funcname</code></a> is defined, a breakpoint
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.hits" title="bdb.Breakpoint.hits"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">hit</code></a> will be counted when the first line of that function is
executed. A <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.cond" title="bdb.Breakpoint.cond"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">conditional</code></a> breakpoint always counts a
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.hits" title="bdb.Breakpoint.hits"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">hit</code></a>.
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="bdb.Breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint</code></a> instances have the following methods:
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.deleteMe">
deleteMe()<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.deleteMe" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Delete the breakpoint from the list associated to a file/line. If it is
the last breakpoint in that position, it also deletes the entry for the
file/line.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.enable">
enable()<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.enable" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Mark the breakpoint as enabled.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.disable">
disable()<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.disable" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Mark the breakpoint as disabled.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.bpformat">
bpformat()<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.bpformat" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return a string with all the information about the breakpoint, nicely
formatted:
<ul class="simple">
<li>Breakpoint number.</li>
<li>Temporary status (del or keep).</li>
<li>File/line position.</li>
<li>Break condition.</li>
<li>Number of times to ignore.</li>
<li>Number of times hit.</li>
</ul>
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.2.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.bpprint">
bpprint(out=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.bpprint" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Print the output of <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.bpformat" title="bdb.Breakpoint.bpformat"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">bpformat()</code></a> to the file out, or if it is
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>, to standard output.
</dd></dl>

<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="bdb.Breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint</code></a> instances have the following attributes:
<dl class="py attribute">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.file">
file<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.file" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>File name of the <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="bdb.Breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint</code></a>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py attribute">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.line">
line<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.line" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Line number of the <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="bdb.Breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint</code></a> within <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.file" title="bdb.Breakpoint.file"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">file</code></a>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py attribute">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.temporary">
temporary<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.temporary" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>True if a <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="bdb.Breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint</code></a> at (file, line) is temporary.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py attribute">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.cond">
cond<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.cond" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Condition for evaluating a <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="bdb.Breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint</code></a> at (file, line).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py attribute">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.funcname">
funcname<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.funcname" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Function name that defines whether a <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="bdb.Breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint</code></a> is hit upon
entering the function.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py attribute">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.enabled">
enabled<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.enabled" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>True if <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="bdb.Breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint</code></a> is enabled.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py attribute">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.bpbynumber">
bpbynumber<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.bpbynumber" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Numeric index for a single instance of a <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="bdb.Breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint</code></a>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py attribute">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.bplist">
bplist<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.bplist" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Dictionary of <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="bdb.Breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint</code></a> instances indexed by
(<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.file" title="bdb.Breakpoint.file"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">file</code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.line" title="bdb.Breakpoint.line"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">line</code></a>) tuples.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py attribute">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.ignore">
ignore<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.ignore" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Number of times to ignore a <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="bdb.Breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint</code></a>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py attribute">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Breakpoint.hits">
hits<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.hits" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Count of the number of times a <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="bdb.Breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint</code></a> has been hit.
</dd></dl>

</dd></dl>

<dl class="py class">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb">
class bdb.Bdb(skip=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>The <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb" title="bdb.Bdb"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Bdb</code></a> class acts as a generic Python debugger base class.
This class takes care of the details of the trace facility; a derived class
should implement user interaction. The standard debugger class
(<a class="reference internal" href="pdb.html#pdb.Pdb" title="pdb.Pdb"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">pdb.Pdb</code></a>) is an example.
The skip argument, if given, must be an iterable of glob-style
module name patterns. The debugger will not step into frames that
originate in a module that matches one of these patterns. Whether a
frame is considered to originate in a certain module is determined
by the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">__name__</code> in the frame globals.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.1: The skip argument.
</div>
The following methods of <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb" title="bdb.Bdb"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Bdb</code></a> normally don’t need to be overridden.
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.canonic">
canonic(filename)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.canonic" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return canonical form of filename.
For real file names, the canonical form is an operating-system-dependent,
<a class="reference internal" href="os.path.html#os.path.normcase" title="os.path.normcase"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">case-normalized</code></a> <a class="reference internal" href="os.path.html#os.path.abspath" title="os.path.abspath"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">absolute path</code></a>. A filename with angle brackets, such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate">&quot;&lt;stdin&gt;&quot;</code>
generated in interactive mode, is returned unchanged.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.reset">
reset()<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.reset" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Set the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">botframe</code>, <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">stopframe</code>, <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">returnframe</code> and
<code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">quitting</code> attributes with values ready to start debugging.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.trace_dispatch">
trace_dispatch(frame, event, arg)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.trace_dispatch" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>This function is installed as the trace function of debugged frames. Its
return value is the new trace function (in most cases, that is, itself).
The default implementation decides how to dispatch a frame, depending on
the type of event (passed as a string) that is about to be executed.
event can be one of the following:
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">&quot;line&quot;</code>: A new line of code is going to be executed.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">&quot;call&quot;</code>: A function is about to be called, or another code block
entered.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">&quot;return&quot;</code>: A function or other code block is about to return.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">&quot;exception&quot;</code>: An exception has occurred.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">&quot;c_call&quot;</code>: A C function is about to be called.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">&quot;c_return&quot;</code>: A C function has returned.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal notranslate">&quot;c_exception&quot;</code>: A C function has raised an exception.</li>
</ul>
For the Python events, specialized functions (see below) are called. For
the C events, no action is taken.
The arg parameter depends on the previous event.
See the documentation for <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#sys.settrace" title="sys.settrace"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">sys.settrace()</code></a> for more information on the
trace function. For more information on code and frame objects, refer to
<a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#types">The standard type hierarchy</a>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.dispatch_line">
dispatch_line(frame)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.dispatch_line" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>If the debugger should stop on the current line, invoke the
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.user_line" title="bdb.Bdb.user_line"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">user_line()</code></a> method (which should be overridden in subclasses).
Raise a <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.BdbQuit" title="bdb.BdbQuit"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">BdbQuit</code></a> exception if the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">Bdb.quitting</code> flag is set
(which can be set from <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.user_line" title="bdb.Bdb.user_line"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">user_line()</code></a>). Return a reference to the
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.trace_dispatch" title="bdb.Bdb.trace_dispatch"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">trace_dispatch()</code></a> method for further tracing in that scope.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.dispatch_call">
dispatch_call(frame, arg)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.dispatch_call" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>If the debugger should stop on this function call, invoke the
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.user_call" title="bdb.Bdb.user_call"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">user_call()</code></a> method (which should be overridden in subclasses).
Raise a <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.BdbQuit" title="bdb.BdbQuit"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">BdbQuit</code></a> exception if the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">Bdb.quitting</code> flag is set
(which can be set from <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.user_call" title="bdb.Bdb.user_call"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">user_call()</code></a>). Return a reference to the
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.trace_dispatch" title="bdb.Bdb.trace_dispatch"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">trace_dispatch()</code></a> method for further tracing in that scope.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.dispatch_return">
dispatch_return(frame, arg)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.dispatch_return" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>If the debugger should stop on this function return, invoke the
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.user_return" title="bdb.Bdb.user_return"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">user_return()</code></a> method (which should be overridden in subclasses).
Raise a <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.BdbQuit" title="bdb.BdbQuit"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">BdbQuit</code></a> exception if the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">Bdb.quitting</code> flag is set
(which can be set from <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.user_return" title="bdb.Bdb.user_return"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">user_return()</code></a>). Return a reference to the
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.trace_dispatch" title="bdb.Bdb.trace_dispatch"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">trace_dispatch()</code></a> method for further tracing in that scope.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.dispatch_exception">
dispatch_exception(frame, arg)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.dispatch_exception" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>If the debugger should stop at this exception, invokes the
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.user_exception" title="bdb.Bdb.user_exception"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">user_exception()</code></a> method (which should be overridden in subclasses).
Raise a <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.BdbQuit" title="bdb.BdbQuit"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">BdbQuit</code></a> exception if the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">Bdb.quitting</code> flag is set
(which can be set from <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.user_exception" title="bdb.Bdb.user_exception"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">user_exception()</code></a>). Return a reference to the
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.trace_dispatch" title="bdb.Bdb.trace_dispatch"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">trace_dispatch()</code></a> method for further tracing in that scope.
</dd></dl>

Normally derived classes don’t override the following methods, but they may
if they want to redefine the definition of stopping and breakpoints.
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.is_skipped_line">
is_skipped_line(module_name)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.is_skipped_line" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return True if module_name matches any skip pattern.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.stop_here">
stop_here(frame)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.stop_here" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return True if frame is below the starting frame in the stack.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.break_here">
break_here(frame)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.break_here" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return True if there is an effective breakpoint for this line.
Check whether a line or function breakpoint exists and is in effect. Delete temporary
breakpoints based on information from <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.effective" title="bdb.effective"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">effective()</code></a>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.break_anywhere">
break_anywhere(frame)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.break_anywhere" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return True if any breakpoint exists for frame’s filename.
</dd></dl>

Derived classes should override these methods to gain control over debugger
operation.
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.user_call">
user_call(frame, argument_list)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.user_call" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Called from <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.dispatch_call" title="bdb.Bdb.dispatch_call"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">dispatch_call()</code></a> if a break might stop inside the
called function.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.user_line">
user_line(frame)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.user_line" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Called from <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.dispatch_line" title="bdb.Bdb.dispatch_line"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">dispatch_line()</code></a> when either <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.stop_here" title="bdb.Bdb.stop_here"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">stop_here()</code></a> or
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.break_here" title="bdb.Bdb.break_here"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">break_here()</code></a> returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate">True</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.user_return">
user_return(frame, return_value)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.user_return" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Called from <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.dispatch_return" title="bdb.Bdb.dispatch_return"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">dispatch_return()</code></a> when <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.stop_here" title="bdb.Bdb.stop_here"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">stop_here()</code></a> returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate">True</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.user_exception">
user_exception(frame, exc_info)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.user_exception" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Called from <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.dispatch_exception" title="bdb.Bdb.dispatch_exception"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">dispatch_exception()</code></a> when <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.stop_here" title="bdb.Bdb.stop_here"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">stop_here()</code></a>
returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate">True</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.do_clear">
do_clear(arg)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.do_clear" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Handle how a breakpoint must be removed when it is a temporary one.
This method must be implemented by derived classes.
</dd></dl>

Derived classes and clients can call the following methods to affect the
stepping state.
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.set_step">
set_step()<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.set_step" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Stop after one line of code.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.set_next">
set_next(frame)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.set_next" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Stop on the next line in or below the given frame.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.set_return">
set_return(frame)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.set_return" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Stop when returning from the given frame.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.set_until">
set_until(frame, lineno=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.set_until" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Stop when the line with the lineno greater than the current one is
reached or when returning from current frame.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.set_trace">
set_trace([frame])<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.set_trace" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Start debugging from frame. If frame is not specified, debugging
starts from caller’s frame.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.set_continue">
set_continue()<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.set_continue" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Stop only at breakpoints or when finished. If there are no breakpoints,
set the system trace function to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.set_quit">
set_quit()<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.set_quit" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Set the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">quitting</code> attribute to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">True</code>. This raises <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.BdbQuit" title="bdb.BdbQuit"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">BdbQuit</code></a> in
the next call to one of the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">dispatch_*()</code> methods.
</dd></dl>

Derived classes and clients can call the following methods to manipulate
breakpoints. These methods return a string containing an error message if
something went wrong, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code> if all is well.
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.set_break">
set_break(filename, lineno, temporary=False, cond=None, funcname=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.set_break" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Set a new breakpoint. If the lineno line doesn’t exist for the
filename passed as argument, return an error message. The filename
should be in canonical form, as described in the <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.canonic" title="bdb.Bdb.canonic"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">canonic()</code></a> method.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.clear_break">
clear_break(filename, lineno)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.clear_break" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Delete the breakpoints in filename and lineno. If none were set,
return an error message.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.clear_bpbynumber">
clear_bpbynumber(arg)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.clear_bpbynumber" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Delete the breakpoint which has the index arg in the
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.bpbynumber" title="bdb.Breakpoint.bpbynumber"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint.bpbynumber</code></a>. If arg is not numeric or out of range,
return an error message.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.clear_all_file_breaks">
clear_all_file_breaks(filename)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.clear_all_file_breaks" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Delete all breakpoints in filename. If none were set, return an error
message.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.clear_all_breaks">
clear_all_breaks()<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.clear_all_breaks" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Delete all existing breakpoints. If none were set, return an error
message.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.get_bpbynumber">
get_bpbynumber(arg)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.get_bpbynumber" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return a breakpoint specified by the given number. If arg is a string,
it will be converted to a number. If arg is a non-numeric string, if
the given breakpoint never existed or has been deleted, a
<a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#ValueError" title="ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">ValueError</code></a> is raised.
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.2.
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.get_break">
get_break(filename, lineno)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.get_break" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return True if there is a breakpoint for lineno in filename.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.get_breaks">
get_breaks(filename, lineno)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.get_breaks" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return all breakpoints for lineno in filename, or an empty list if
none are set.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.get_file_breaks">
get_file_breaks(filename)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.get_file_breaks" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return all breakpoints in filename, or an empty list if none are set.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.get_all_breaks">
get_all_breaks()<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.get_all_breaks" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return all breakpoints that are set.
</dd></dl>

Derived classes and clients can call the following methods to get a data
structure representing a stack trace.
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.get_stack">
get_stack(f, t)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.get_stack" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return a list of (frame, lineno) tuples in a stack trace, and a size.
The most recently called frame is last in the list. The size is the number
of frames below the frame where the debugger was invoked.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.format_stack_entry">
format_stack_entry(frame_lineno, lprefix=': ')<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.format_stack_entry" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return a string with information about a stack entry, which is a
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">(frame, lineno)</code> tuple. The return string contains:
<ul class="simple">
<li>The canonical filename which contains the frame.</li>
<li>The function name or <code class="docutils literal notranslate">&quot;&lt;lambda&gt;&quot;</code>.</li>
<li>The input arguments.</li>
<li>The return value.</li>
<li>The line of code (if it exists).</li>
</ul>
</dd></dl>

The following two methods can be called by clients to use a debugger to debug
a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-statement">statement</a>, given as a string.
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.run">
run(cmd, globals=None, locals=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.run" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Debug a statement executed via the <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#exec" title="exec"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">exec()</code></a> function. globals
defaults to <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">__main__.__dict__</code>, locals defaults to globals.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.runeval">
runeval(expr, globals=None, locals=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.runeval" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Debug an expression executed via the <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#eval" title="eval"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">eval()</code></a> function. globals and
locals have the same meaning as in <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.run" title="bdb.Bdb.run"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">run()</code></a>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.runctx">
runctx(cmd, globals, locals)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.runctx" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>For backwards compatibility. Calls the <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb.run" title="bdb.Bdb.run"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">run()</code></a> method.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.Bdb.runcall">
runcall(func, /, *args, **kwds)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.Bdb.runcall" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Debug a single function call, and return its result.
</dd></dl>

</dd></dl>

Finally, the module defines the following functions:
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.checkfuncname">
bdb.checkfuncname(b, frame)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.checkfuncname" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return True if we should break here, depending on the way the
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint" title="bdb.Breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Breakpoint</code></a> b was set.
If it was set via line number, it checks if
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.line" title="bdb.Breakpoint.line"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">b.line</code></a> is the same as the one in frame.
If the breakpoint was set via
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.funcname" title="bdb.Breakpoint.funcname"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">function name</code></a>, we have to check we are in
the right frame (the right function) and if we are on its first executable
line.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.effective">
bdb.effective(file, line, frame)<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.effective" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate">(active breakpoint, delete temporary flag)</code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate">(None, None)</code> as the
breakpoint to act upon.
The active breakpoint is the first entry in
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.bplist" title="bdb.Breakpoint.bplist"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">bplist</code></a> for the
(<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.file" title="bdb.Breakpoint.file"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">file</code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.line" title="bdb.Breakpoint.line"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">line</code></a>)
(which must exist) that is <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.enabled" title="bdb.Breakpoint.enabled"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">enabled</code></a>, for
which <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.checkfuncname" title="bdb.checkfuncname"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">checkfuncname()</code></a> is True, and that has neither a False
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.cond" title="bdb.Breakpoint.cond"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">condition</code></a> nor positive
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.ignore" title="bdb.Breakpoint.ignore"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">ignore</code></a> count. The flag, meaning that a
temporary breakpoint should be deleted, is False only when the
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.cond" title="bdb.Breakpoint.cond"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">cond</code></a> cannot be evaluated (in which case,
<a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Breakpoint.ignore" title="bdb.Breakpoint.ignore"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">ignore</code></a> count is ignored).
If no such entry exists, then (None, None) is returned.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="bdb.set_trace">
bdb.set_trace()<a class="headerlink" href="#bdb.set_trace" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Start debugging with a <a class="reference internal" href="#bdb.Bdb" title="bdb.Bdb"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Bdb</code></a> instance from caller’s frame.
</dd></dl>

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