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Code Editor : email.contentmanager.html

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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">email.contentmanager</code>: Managing MIME Content</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#content-manager-instances">Content Manager Instances</a></li>
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 <section id="module-email.contentmanager">
<h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-email.contentmanager" title="email.contentmanager: Storing and Retrieving Content from MIME Parts"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">email.contentmanager</code></a>: Managing MIME Content<a class="headerlink" href="#module-email.contentmanager" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
Source code: <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.10/Lib/email/contentmanager.py">Lib/email/contentmanager.py</a>
<hr class="docutils" />
<div class="versionadded">
New in version 3.6: <a class="footnote-reference brackets" href="#id2" id="id1">1</a>
</div>
<dl class="py class">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="email.contentmanager.ContentManager">
class email.contentmanager.ContentManager<a class="headerlink" href="#email.contentmanager.ContentManager" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Base class for content managers. Provides the standard registry mechanisms
to register converters between MIME content and other representations, as
well as the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">get_content</code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">set_content</code> dispatch methods.
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="email.contentmanager.ContentManager.get_content">
get_content(msg, *args, **kw)<a class="headerlink" href="#email.contentmanager.ContentManager.get_content" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Look up a handler function based on the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">mimetype</code> of msg (see next
paragraph), call it, passing through all arguments, and return the result
of the call. The expectation is that the handler will extract the
payload from msg and return an object that encodes information about
the extracted data.
To find the handler, look for the following keys in the registry,
stopping with the first one found:
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li>the string representing the full MIME type (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">maintype/subtype</code>)</li>
<li>the string representing the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">maintype</code></li>
<li>the empty string</li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
If none of these keys produce a handler, raise a <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#KeyError" title="KeyError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">KeyError</code></a> for the
full MIME type.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="email.contentmanager.ContentManager.set_content">
set_content(msg, obj, *args, **kw)<a class="headerlink" href="#email.contentmanager.ContentManager.set_content" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>If the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">maintype</code> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate">multipart</code>, raise a <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#TypeError" title="TypeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">TypeError</code></a>; otherwise
look up a handler function based on the type of obj (see next
paragraph), call <a class="reference internal" href="email.message.html#email.message.EmailMessage.clear_content" title="email.message.EmailMessage.clear_content"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">clear_content()</code></a> on the
msg, and call the handler function, passing through all arguments. The
expectation is that the handler will transform and store obj into
msg, possibly making other changes to msg as well, such as adding
various MIME headers to encode information needed to interpret the stored
data.
To find the handler, obtain the type of obj (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">typ = type(obj)</code>), and
look for the following keys in the registry, stopping with the first one
found:
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li>the type itself (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">typ</code>)</li>
<li>the type’s fully qualified name (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">typ.__module__ + '.' +
typ.__qualname__</code>).</li>
<li>the type’s qualname (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">typ.__qualname__</code>)</li>
<li>the type’s name (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">typ.__name__</code>).</li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
If none of the above match, repeat all of the checks above for each of
the types in the <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-MRO">MRO</a> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">typ.__mro__</code>). Finally, if no other key
yields a handler, check for a handler for the key <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>. If there is
no handler for <code class="docutils literal notranslate">None</code>, raise a <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#KeyError" title="KeyError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">KeyError</code></a> for the fully
qualified name of the type.
Also add a MIME-Version header if one is not present (see
also <a class="reference internal" href="email.message.html#email.message.MIMEPart" title="email.message.MIMEPart"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">MIMEPart</code></a>).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="email.contentmanager.ContentManager.add_get_handler">
add_get_handler(key, handler)<a class="headerlink" href="#email.contentmanager.ContentManager.add_get_handler" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Record the function handler as the handler for key. For the possible
values of key, see <a class="reference internal" href="#email.contentmanager.get_content" title="email.contentmanager.get_content"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">get_content()</code></a>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="email.contentmanager.ContentManager.add_set_handler">
add_set_handler(typekey, handler)<a class="headerlink" href="#email.contentmanager.ContentManager.add_set_handler" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Record handler as the function to call when an object of a type
matching typekey is passed to <a class="reference internal" href="#email.contentmanager.set_content" title="email.contentmanager.set_content"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">set_content()</code></a>. For the possible
values of typekey, see <a class="reference internal" href="#email.contentmanager.set_content" title="email.contentmanager.set_content"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">set_content()</code></a>.
</dd></dl>

</dd></dl>

<section id="content-manager-instances">
<h2>Content Manager Instances<a class="headerlink" href="#content-manager-instances" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
Currently the email package provides only one concrete content manager,
<a class="reference internal" href="#email.contentmanager.raw_data_manager" title="email.contentmanager.raw_data_manager"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">raw_data_manager</code></a>, although more may be added in the future.
<a class="reference internal" href="#email.contentmanager.raw_data_manager" title="email.contentmanager.raw_data_manager"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate">raw_data_manager</code></a> is the
<a class="reference internal" href="email.policy.html#email.policy.EmailPolicy.content_manager" title="email.policy.EmailPolicy.content_manager"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">content_manager</code></a> provided by
<a class="reference internal" href="email.policy.html#email.policy.EmailPolicy" title="email.policy.EmailPolicy"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate">EmailPolicy</code></a> and its derivatives.
<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="email.contentmanager.raw_data_manager">
email.contentmanager.raw_data_manager<a class="headerlink" href="#email.contentmanager.raw_data_manager" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>This content manager provides only a minimum interface beyond that provided
by <a class="reference internal" href="email.compat32-message.html#email.message.Message" title="email.message.Message"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Message</code></a> itself: it deals only with text, raw
byte strings, and <a class="reference internal" href="email.compat32-message.html#email.message.Message" title="email.message.Message"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">Message</code></a> objects. Nevertheless, it
provides significant advantages compared to the base API: <code class="docutils literal notranslate">get_content</code> on
a text part will return a unicode string without the application needing to
manually decode it, <code class="docutils literal notranslate">set_content</code> provides a rich set of options for
controlling the headers added to a part and controlling the content transfer
encoding, and it enables the use of the various <code class="docutils literal notranslate">add_</code> methods, thereby
simplifying the creation of multipart messages.
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="email.contentmanager.get_content">
email.contentmanager.get_content(msg, errors='replace')<a class="headerlink" href="#email.contentmanager.get_content" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return the payload of the part as either a string (for <code class="docutils literal notranslate">text</code> parts), an
<a class="reference internal" href="email.message.html#email.message.EmailMessage" title="email.message.EmailMessage"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">EmailMessage</code></a> object (for <code class="docutils literal notranslate">message/rfc822</code>
parts), or a <code class="docutils literal notranslate">bytes</code> object (for all other non-multipart types). Raise
a <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#KeyError" title="KeyError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">KeyError</code></a> if called on a <code class="docutils literal notranslate">multipart</code>. If the part is a
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">text</code> part and errors is specified, use it as the error handler when
decoding the payload to unicode. The default error handler is
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">replace</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="email.contentmanager.set_content">
email.contentmanager.set_content(msg, &lt;'str'&gt;, subtype=&quot;plain&quot;, charset='utf-8', cte=None, disposition=None, filename=None, cid=None, params=None, headers=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#email.contentmanager.set_content" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
email.contentmanager.set_content(msg, &lt;'bytes'&gt;, maintype, subtype, cte=&quot;base64&quot;, disposition=None, filename=None, cid=None, params=None, headers=None)</dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
email.contentmanager.set_content(msg, &lt;'EmailMessage'&gt;, cte=None, disposition=None, filename=None, cid=None, params=None, headers=None)</dt>
<dd>Add headers and payload to msg:
Add a Content-Type header with a <code class="docutils literal notranslate">maintype/subtype</code>
value.
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li>For <code class="docutils literal notranslate">str</code>, set the MIME <code class="docutils literal notranslate">maintype</code> to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">text</code>, and set the
subtype to subtype if it is specified, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate">plain</code> if it is not.</li>
<li>For <code class="docutils literal notranslate">bytes</code>, use the specified maintype and subtype, or
raise a <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#TypeError" title="TypeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">TypeError</code></a> if they are not specified.</li>
<li>For <a class="reference internal" href="email.message.html#email.message.EmailMessage" title="email.message.EmailMessage"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">EmailMessage</code></a> objects, set the maintype
to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">message</code>, and set the subtype to subtype if it is
specified or <code class="docutils literal notranslate">rfc822</code> if it is not. If subtype is
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">partial</code>, raise an error (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">bytes</code> objects must be used to
construct <code class="docutils literal notranslate">message/partial</code> parts).</li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
If charset is provided (which is valid only for <code class="docutils literal notranslate">str</code>), encode the
string to bytes using the specified character set. The default is
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">utf-8</code>. If the specified charset is a known alias for a standard
MIME charset name, use the standard charset instead.
If cte is set, encode the payload using the specified content transfer
encoding, and set the Content-Transfer-Encoding header to
that value. Possible values for cte are <code class="docutils literal notranslate">quoted-printable</code>,
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">base64</code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate">7bit</code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate">8bit</code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">binary</code>. If the input cannot be
encoded in the specified encoding (for example, specifying a cte of
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">7bit</code> for an input that contains non-ASCII values), raise a
<a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#ValueError" title="ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">ValueError</code></a>.
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li>For <code class="docutils literal notranslate">str</code> objects, if cte is not set use heuristics to
determine the most compact encoding.</li>
<li>For <a class="reference internal" href="email.message.html#email.message.EmailMessage" title="email.message.EmailMessage"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">EmailMessage</code></a>, per <a class="rfc reference external" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2046.html">RFC 2046</a>, raise
an error if a cte of <code class="docutils literal notranslate">quoted-printable</code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate">base64</code> is
requested for subtype <code class="docutils literal notranslate">rfc822</code>, and for any cte other than
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">7bit</code> for subtype <code class="docutils literal notranslate">external-body</code>. For
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">message/rfc822</code>, use <code class="docutils literal notranslate">8bit</code> if cte is not specified. For
all other values of subtype, use <code class="docutils literal notranslate">7bit</code>.</li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
<div class="admonition note">
Note
A cte of <code class="docutils literal notranslate">binary</code> does not actually work correctly yet.
The <code class="docutils literal notranslate">EmailMessage</code> object as modified by <code class="docutils literal notranslate">set_content</code> is
correct, but <a class="reference internal" href="email.generator.html#email.generator.BytesGenerator" title="email.generator.BytesGenerator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">BytesGenerator</code></a> does not
serialize it correctly.
</div>
If disposition is set, use it as the value of the
Content-Disposition header. If not specified, and
filename is specified, add the header with the value <code class="docutils literal notranslate">attachment</code>.
If disposition is not specified and filename is also not specified,
do not add the header. The only valid values for disposition are
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">attachment</code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">inline</code>.
If filename is specified, use it as the value of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate">filename</code>
parameter of the Content-Disposition header.
If cid is specified, add a Content-ID header with
cid as its value.
If params is specified, iterate its <code class="docutils literal notranslate">items</code> method and use the
resulting <code class="docutils literal notranslate">(key, value)</code> pairs to set additional parameters on the
Content-Type header.
If headers is specified and is a list of strings of the form
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">headername: headervalue</code> or a list of <code class="docutils literal notranslate">header</code> objects
(distinguished from strings by having a <code class="docutils literal notranslate">name</code> attribute), add the
headers to msg.
</dd></dl>

</dd></dl>

Footnotes
<dl class="footnote brackets">
<dt class="label" id="id2"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id1">1</a></dt>
<dd>Originally added in 3.4 as a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-provisional-package">provisional module</a>
</dd>
</dl>
</section>
</section>

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 <ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">email.contentmanager</code>: Managing MIME Content</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#content-manager-instances">Content Manager Instances</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>

<h4>Previous topic</h4>
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