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Code Editor : pic-15.html

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="groff -Thtml, see www.gnu.org">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII">
<meta name="Content-Style" content="text/css">
<style type="text/css">
 p { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top }
 pre { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top }
 table { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top }
 h1 { text-align: center }
</style>
<title>pic-15.html</title>

</head>
<hr>
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<hr>

<h2>15. Import/Export Commands
<a name="15. Import/Export Commands"></a>
</h2>

Commands
that import or export data between pic and its
environment are described here.

<h3>15.1. File and Table Insertion
<a name="15.1. File and Table Insertion"></a>
</h3>

The
statement

copy
filename

inserts
the contents of filename in the pic input
stream. Any .PS/.PE pair in the file is
ignored. You can use this to include pre-generated
images.

A variant
of this statement replicates the copy thru feature of
grap(1). The call

copy
filename thru macro

calls
macro (which may be either a name or replacement
text) on the arguments obtained by breaking each line of the
file into blank-separated fields. The macro may have up to
9&nbsp;arguments. The replacement text may be delimited by
braces or by a pair of instances of any character not
appearing in the rest of the text.

If you
write

copy
thru macro

omitting
the filename, lines to be parsed are taken from the input
source up to the next .PE.

In either
of the last two copy commands, GNU gpic
permits a trailing &lsquo;until word&rsquo;
clause to be added which terminates the copy when the first
word matches the argument (the default behavior is therefore
equivalent to until .PE).

Accordingly,
the command

.PS
 
copy thru % circle at ($1,$2) % until &quot;END&quot; 
1 2 
3 4 
5 6 
END 
box 
.PE

is
equivalent to

.PS
 
circle at (1,2) 
circle at (3,4) 
circle at (5,6) 
box 
.PE

<h3>15.2. Debug Messages
<a name="15.2. Debug Messages"></a>
</h3>

The
command print accepts any number of arguments,
concatenates their output forms, and writes the result to
standard error. Each argument must be an expression, a
position, or a text string.

<h3>15.3. Escape to Post-Processor
<a name="15.3. Escape to Post-Processor"></a>
</h3>

If you
write

command
arg...

pic
concatenates the arguments and pass them through as a line
to troff or TeX. Each arg must be an expression, a
position, or text. This has a similar effect to a line
beginning with . or \, but allows the values
of variables to be passed through.

For
example,

.PS
 
x = 14 
command &quot;.ds string x is &quot; x &quot;.&quot; 
.PE 
\*[string]

prints

x
is 14.

<h3>15.4. Executing Shell Commands
<a name="15.4. Executing Shell Commands"></a>
</h3>

The
command

sh
{ anything... }

macro-expands
the text in braces, then executes it as a shell command.
This could be used to generate images or data tables for
later inclusion. The delimiters shown as {} here may also be
two copies of any one character not present in the shell
command text. In either case, the body may contain balanced
{} pairs. Strings in the body may contain balanced or
unbalanced braces in any case.
<hr>
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<hr>

${this.title}

Code Editor : pic-15.html