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Code Editor : Multipart.pod
=encoding utf8 =head1 NAME Mail::Message::Body::Multipart - body of a message with attachments =head1 INHERITANCE Mail::Message::Body::Multipart is a Mail::Message::Body is a Mail::Reporter =head1 SYNOPSIS See Mail::Message::Body if($body->isMultipart) { my @attachments = $body->parts; my $attachment3 = $body->part(2); my $before = $body->preamble; my $after = $body->epilogue; $body->part(1)->delete; } =head1 DESCRIPTION The body (content) of a message can be stored in various ways. In this manual-page you find the description of extra functionality you have when a message contains attachments (parts). Extends L<"DESCRIPTION" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"DESCRIPTION">. =head1 OVERLOADED Extends L<"OVERLOADED" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"OVERLOADED">. =over 4 =item overload: B<""> Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"OVERLOADED"> =item overload: B<'==' and '!='> Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"OVERLOADED"> =item overload: B<@{}> Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"OVERLOADED"> =item overload: B<bool> Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"OVERLOADED"> =back =head1 METHODS Extends L<"METHODS" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"METHODS">. =head2 Constructors Extends L<"Constructors" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"Constructors">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<clone>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Constructors"> =item Mail::Message::Body::Multipart-E<gt>B<new>(%options) -Option --Defined in --Default based_on Mail::Message::Body undef boundary undef charset Mail::Message::Body 'PERL' or <undef> checked Mail::Message::Body <false> content_id Mail::Message::Body undef data Mail::Message::Body undef description Mail::Message::Body undef disposition Mail::Message::Body undef eol Mail::Message::Body 'NATIVE' epilogue '' file Mail::Message::Body undef filename Mail::Message::Body undef log Mail::Reporter 'WARNINGS' message Mail::Message::Body undef mime_type Mail::Message::Body 'multipart/mixed' modified Mail::Message::Body <false> parts undef preamble undef trace Mail::Reporter 'WARNINGS' transfer_encoding Mail::Message::Body 'none' =over 2 =item based_on => BODY =item boundary => STRING Separator to be used between parts of the message. This separator must be unique in case the message contains nested multiparts (which are not unusual). If C<undef>, a nice unique boundary will be generated. =item charset => CHARSET|'PERL' =item checked => BOOLEAN =item content_id => STRING =item data => ARRAY-OF-LINES | STRING =item description => STRING|FIELD =item disposition => STRING|FIELD =item eol => 'CR'|'LF'|'CRLF'|'NATIVE' =item epilogue => BODY|STRING The text which is included in the main body after the final boundary. This is usually empty, and has no meaning. Provide a BODY object or a STRING which will automatically translated into a C<text/plain> body. =item file => FILENAME|FILEHANDLE|IOHANDLE =item filename => FILENAME =item log => LEVEL =item message => MESSAGE =item mime_type => STRING|FIELD|MIME =item modified => BOOLEAN =item parts => ARRAY-OF-(MESSAGES|BODIES) Specifies an initial list of parts in this body. These may be full MESSAGES, or BODIES which transformed into messages before use. Each message is coerced into a L<Mail::Message::Part|Mail::Message::Part> object. MIME::Entity and L<Mail::Internet|Mail::Internet> objects are acceptable in the list, because they are coercible into L<Mail::Message::Part|Mail::Message::Part>'s. Values of C<undef> will be skipped silently. =item preamble => BODY|STRING The text which is included in the body before the first part. It is common use to include a text to warn the user that the message is a multipart. However, this was useful in earlier days: most mail agents are very capable in warning the user themselves. Provide a BODY object or a STRING which will automatically translated into a text/plain body. =item trace => LEVEL =item transfer_encoding => STRING|FIELD =back example: my $intro = Mail::Message::Body->new(data => ['part one']); my $pgp = Mail::Message::Body->new(data => ['part three']); my $body = Mail::Message::Body::Multipart->new ( boundary => time . '--it-s-mine' , preamble => "This is a multi-part message in MIME format.\n\n" , parts => [ $intro, $folder->message(3)->decoded, $pgp ] ); =back =head2 Constructing a body Extends L<"Constructing a body" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"Constructing a body">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<attach>($messages|$bodies) Attach a list of $messages to this multipart. A new body is returned. When you specify $bodies, they will first be translated into real messages. MIME::Entity and L<Mail::Internet|Mail::Internet> objects may be specified too. In any case, the parts will be coerced into L<Mail::Message::Part|Mail::Message::Part>'s. =item $obj-E<gt>B<check>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Constructing a body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<concatenate>($components) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Construct/"Constructing a body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<decoded>(%options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Constructing a body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<encode>(%options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Constructing a body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<encoded>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Constructing a body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<eol>( ['CR'|'LF'|'CRLF'|'NATIVE'] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Constructing a body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<foreachComponent>(CODE) Execute the CODE for each component of the message: the preamble, the epilogue, and each of the parts. Each component is a body and is passed as second argument to the CODE. The first argument is a reference to this multi-parted body. The CODE returns a body object. When any of the returned bodies differs from the body which was passed, then a new multi-part body will be returned. Reference to the not-changed bodies and the changed bodies will be included in that new multi-part. example: my $checked = $multi->foreachComponent(sub {$_[1]->check}); =item $obj-E<gt>B<foreachLine>((CODE)) It is NOT possible to call some code for each line of a multipart, because that would not only inflict damage to the body of each message part, but also to the headers and the part separators. =item $obj-E<gt>B<stripSignature>(%options) Removes all parts which contains data usually defined as being signature. The L<MIME::Type|MIME::Type> module provides this knowledge. A new multipart is returned, containing the remaining parts. No %options are defined yet, although some may be specified, because this method overrules the C<stripSignature> method for normal bodies. -Option --Defined in --Default max_lines Mail::Message::Body::Construct 10 pattern Mail::Message::Body::Construct qr/^--\s?$/ result_type Mail::Message::Body::Construct <same as current> =over 2 =item max_lines => INTEGER|undef =item pattern => REGEX|STRING|CODE =item result_type => CLASS =back =item $obj-E<gt>B<unify>($body) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Constructing a body"> =back =head2 The body Extends L<"The body" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"The body">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<isDelayed>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"The body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<isMultipart>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"The body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<isNested>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"The body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<message>( [$message] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"The body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<partNumberOf>($part) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"The body"> =back =head2 About the payload Extends L<"About the payload" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<charset>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<checked>( [BOOLEAN] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<contentId>( [STRING|$field] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<description>( [STRING|$field] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<disposition>( [STRING|$field] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<dispositionFilename>( [$directory] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"About the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<isBinary>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"About the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<isText>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"About the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<mimeType>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<nrLines>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<size>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<transferEncoding>( [STRING|$field] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<type>( [STRING|$field] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"About the payload"> =back =head2 Access to the payload Extends L<"Access to the payload" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<boundary>( [STRING] ) Returns the boundary which is used to separate the parts in this body. If none was read from file, then one will be assigned. With STRING you explicitly set the boundary to be used. =item $obj-E<gt>B<endsOnNewline>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<epilogue>() Returns the epilogue; the text after the last message part (after the last real attachment). The epilogue is stored in a BODY object, and its encoding is taken from the general multipart header. =item $obj-E<gt>B<file>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<lines>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<part>($index) Returns only the part with the specified $index. You may use a negative value here, which counts from the back in the list. Parts which are flagged to be deleted are included in the count. example: $message->body->part(2)->print; $body->part(1)->delete; =item $obj-E<gt>B<parts>( [<'ALL'|'ACTIVE'|'DELETED'|'RECURSE'|$filter>] ) Return all parts by default, or when ALL is specified. C<ACTIVE> returns the parts which are not flagged for deletion, as opposite to C<DELETED>. C<RECURSE> descents into all nested multiparts to collect all parts. You may also specify a code reference which is called for each nested part. The first argument will be the message part. When the code returns true, the part is incorporated in the return list. example: print "Number of attachments: ", scalar $message->body->parts('ACTIVE'); foreach my $part ($message->body->parts) { print "Type: ", $part->get('Content-Type'); } =item $obj-E<gt>B<preamble>() Returns the preamble; the text before the first message part (before the first real attachment). The preamble is stored in a BODY object, and its encoding is taken from the multipart header. =item $obj-E<gt>B<print>( [$fh] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<printEscapedFrom>($fh) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<string>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<stripTrailingNewline>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<write>(%options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload"> =back =head2 Internals Extends L<"Internals" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"Internals">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<addTransferEncHandler>( $name, <$class|$object> ) =item Mail::Message::Body::Multipart-E<gt>B<addTransferEncHandler>( $name, <$class|$object> ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<contentInfoFrom>($head) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<contentInfoTo>($head) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<fileLocation>( [$begin, $end] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<getTransferEncHandler>($type) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body::Encode/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<isModified>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<load>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<modified>( [BOOLEAN] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<moveLocation>( [$distance] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<read>( $parser, $head, $bodytype, [$chars, [$lines]] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Internals"> =back =head2 Error handling Extends L<"Error handling" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"Error handling">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<AUTOLOAD>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Body/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<addReport>($object) Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<defaultTrace>( [$level]|[$loglevel, $tracelevel]|[$level, $callback] ) =item Mail::Message::Body::Multipart-E<gt>B<defaultTrace>( [$level]|[$loglevel, $tracelevel]|[$level, $callback] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<errors>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<log>( [$level, [$strings]] ) =item Mail::Message::Body::Multipart-E<gt>B<log>( [$level, [$strings]] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<logPriority>($level) =item Mail::Message::Body::Multipart-E<gt>B<logPriority>($level) Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<logSettings>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<notImplemented>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<report>( [$level] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<reportAll>( [$level] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<trace>( [$level] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<warnings>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =back =head2 Cleanup Extends L<"Cleanup" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"Cleanup">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<DESTROY>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Cleanup"> =back =head1 DETAILS Extends L<"DETAILS" in Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body/"DETAILS">. =head1 DIAGNOSTICS =over 4 =item Warning: Charset $name is not known The encoding or decoding of a message body encounters a character set which is not understood by Perl's Encode module. =item Error: Data not convertible to a message (type is $type) An object which is not coercable into a L<Mail::Message::Part|Mail::Message::Part> object was passed to the initiation. The data is ignored. =item Warning: No decoder defined for transfer encoding $name. The data (message body) is encoded in a way which is not currently understood, therefore no decoding (or recoding) can take place. =item Warning: No encoder defined for transfer encoding $name. The data (message body) has been decoded, but the required encoding is unknown. The decoded data is returned. =item Error: Package $package does not implement $method. Fatal error: the specific package (or one of its superclasses) does not implement this method where it should. This message means that some other related classes do implement this method however the class at hand does not. Probably you should investigate this and probably inform the author of the package. =item Error: Unknown criterium $what to select parts. Valid choices fdr part selections are C<ALL>, C<ACTIVE>, C<DELETED>, C<RECURSE> or a code reference. However, some other argument was passed. =item Warning: Unknown line terminator $eol ignored =item Error: You cannot use foreachLine on a multipart L<foreachLine()|Mail::Message::Body::Multipart/"METHODS"> should be used on decoded message bodies only, because it would attempt to modify part-headers and separators as well, which is clearly not acceptable. =back =head1 SEE ALSO This module is part of Mail-Message distribution version 3.012, built on February 11, 2022. Website: F<http://perl.overmeer.net/CPAN/> =head1 LICENSE Copyrights 2001-2022 by [Mark Overmeer <markov@cpan.org>]. For other contributors see ChangeLog. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. See F<http://dev.perl.org/licenses/>
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