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Code Editor : Part.pod
=encoding utf8 =head1 NAME Mail::Message::Part - a part of a message, but a message by itself =head1 INHERITANCE Mail::Message::Part is a Mail::Message is a Mail::Reporter =head1 SYNOPSIS my Mail::Message $message = ...; if($message->isMultipart) { my Mail::Message::Part $part; foreach $part ($message->body->parts) { $part->print(\*OUT); my $attached_head = $part->head; my $attached_body = $part->body; # encoded as read my $attached_body = $part->decoded; # transfer-encoding removed } } =head1 DESCRIPTION A C<Mail::Message::Part> object contains a message which is included in the body of another message. For instance I<attachments> are I<parts>. READ L<Mail::Message|Mail::Message> FIRST. A part is a special message: it has a reference to its parent message, and will usually not be sub-classed into mail folder specific variants. Extends L<"DESCRIPTION" in Mail::Message|Mail::Message/"DESCRIPTION">. =head1 METHODS Extends L<"METHODS" in Mail::Message|Mail::Message/"METHODS">. =head2 Constructors Extends L<"Constructors" in Mail::Message|Mail::Message/"Constructors">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<clone>(%options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Constructors"> =item Mail::Message::Part-E<gt>B<new>(%options) Create a message part. -Option --Defined in --Default body Mail::Message undef body_type Mail::Message Mail::Message::Body::Lines container <required> deleted Mail::Message <false> field_type Mail::Message undef head Mail::Message <empty header> head_type Mail::Message Mail::Message::Head::Complete labels Mail::Message {} log Mail::Reporter 'WARNINGS' messageId Mail::Message undef modified Mail::Message <false> trace Mail::Reporter 'WARNINGS' trusted Mail::Message <false> =over 2 =item body => OBJECT =item body_type => CLASS =item container => BODY Reference to the parental L<Mail::Message::Body|Mail::Message::Body> object where this part is a member of. That object may be a L<Mail::Message::Body::Multipart|Mail::Message::Body::Multipart> or a L<Mail::Message::Body::Nested|Mail::Message::Body::Nested>. =item deleted => BOOLEAN =item field_type => CLASS =item head => OBJECT =item head_type => CLASS =item labels => ARRAY|HASH =item log => LEVEL =item messageId => STRING =item modified => BOOLEAN =item trace => LEVEL =item trusted => BOOLEAN =back =back =head2 Constructing a message Extends L<"Constructing a message" in Mail::Message|Mail::Message/"Constructing a message">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<bounce>( [<$rg_object|%options>] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Bounce/"Constructing a message"> =item Mail::Message::Part-E<gt>B<build>( [$message|$part|$body], $content ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Build/"Constructing a message"> =item Mail::Message::Part-E<gt>B<buildFromBody>($body, $container, $headers) Shape a message part around a $body. Bodies have information about their content in them, which is used to construct a header for the message. Next to that, more $headers can be specified. No headers are obligatory. No extra headers are fabricated automatically. example: my $multi = Mail::Message::Body::Multipart->new; my $part = Mail::Message::Part->buildFromBody($body, $multi); =item $obj-E<gt>B<forward>(%options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Forward/"Constructing a message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<forwardAttach>(%options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Forward/"Constructing a message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<forwardEncapsulate>(%options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Forward/"Constructing a message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<forwardInline>(%options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Forward/"Constructing a message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<forwardNo>(%options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Forward/"Constructing a message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<forwardPostlude>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Forward/"Constructing a message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<forwardPrelude>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Forward/"Constructing a message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<forwardSubject>(STRING) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Forward/"Constructing a message"> =item Mail::Message::Part-E<gt>B<read>($fh|STRING|SCALAR|ARRAY, %options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Read/"Constructing a message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<rebuild>(%options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Rebuild/"Constructing a message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<reply>(%options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Reply/"Constructing a message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<replyPrelude>( [STRING|$field|$address|ARRAY-$of-$things] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Reply/"Constructing a message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<replySubject>(STRING) =item Mail::Message::Part-E<gt>B<replySubject>(STRING) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Reply/"Constructing a message"> =back =head2 The message Extends L<"The message" in Mail::Message|Mail::Message/"The message">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<container>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<isDummy>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<isPart>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<messageId>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<partNumber>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<print>( [$fh] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<printEscapedFrom>($fh) Prints the message part, but all lines which start with 'From ' will get a leading E<gt>. See L<Mail::Message::Body::printEscapedFrom()|Mail::Message::Body/"Access to the payload">. =item $obj-E<gt>B<send>( [$mailer], %options ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<size>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<toplevel>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The message"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<write>( [$fh] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The message"> =back =head2 The header Extends L<"The header" in Mail::Message|Mail::Message/"The header">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<bcc>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The header"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<cc>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The header"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<date>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The header"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<destinations>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The header"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<from>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The header"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<get>($fieldname) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The header"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<guessTimestamp>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The header"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<head>( [$head] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The header"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<nrLines>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The header"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<sender>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The header"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<study>($fieldname) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The header"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<subject>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The header"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<timestamp>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The header"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<to>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The header"> =back =head2 The body Extends L<"The body" in Mail::Message|Mail::Message/"The body">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<body>( [$body] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<contentType>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<decoded>(%options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<encode>(%options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<isMultipart>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<isNested>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The body"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<parts>( [<'ALL'|'ACTIVE'|'DELETED'|'RECURSE'|$filter>] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"The body"> =back =head2 Flags Extends L<"Flags" in Mail::Message|Mail::Message/"Flags">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<delete>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Flags"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<deleted>( [BOOLEAN] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Flags"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<isDeleted>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Flags"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<isModified>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Flags"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<label>($label|PAIRS) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Flags"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<labels>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Flags"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<labelsToStatus>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Flags"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<modified>( [BOOLEAN] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Flags"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<statusToLabels>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Flags"> =back =head2 The whole message as text Extends L<"The whole message as text" in Mail::Message|Mail::Message/"The whole message as text">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<file>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Text/"The whole message as text"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<lines>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Text/"The whole message as text"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<printStructure>( [$fh|undef],[$indent] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Text/"The whole message as text"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<string>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Text/"The whole message as text"> =back =head2 Internals Extends L<"Internals" in Mail::Message|Mail::Message/"Internals">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<clonedFrom>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Internals"> =item Mail::Message::Part-E<gt>B<coerce>( <$body|$message>, $multipart, @headers ) Transforms a $body or $message to a real message part. The $multipart refers to the parental body. When ta $body is specified, extra @headers can be supplied as well. Bodies are coerced into message parts by calling L<buildFromBody()|Mail::Message::Part/"METHODS">. If you specify a $message residing in a folder, this message will automatically be cloned. =item $obj-E<gt>B<isDelayed>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<readBody>( $parser, $head, [$bodytype] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<readFromParser>( $parser, [$bodytype] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<readHead>( $parser, [$class] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<recursiveRebuildPart>($part, %options) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct::Rebuild/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<storeBody>($body) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Internals"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<takeMessageId>( [STRING] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Internals"> =back =head2 Error handling Extends L<"Error handling" in Mail::Message|Mail::Message/"Error handling">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<AUTOLOAD>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message::Construct/"METHODS"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<addReport>($object) Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<defaultTrace>( [$level]|[$loglevel, $tracelevel]|[$level, $callback] ) =item Mail::Message::Part-E<gt>B<defaultTrace>( [$level]|[$loglevel, $tracelevel]|[$level, $callback] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<errors>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<log>( [$level, [$strings]] ) =item Mail::Message::Part-E<gt>B<log>( [$level, [$strings]] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<logPriority>($level) =item Mail::Message::Part-E<gt>B<logPriority>($level) Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<logSettings>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<notImplemented>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<report>( [$level] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<reportAll>( [$level] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<shortSize>( [$value] ) =item Mail::Message::Part-E<gt>B<shortSize>( [$value] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<shortString>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Message/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<trace>( [$level] ) Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<warnings>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Error handling"> =back =head2 Cleanup Extends L<"Cleanup" in Mail::Message|Mail::Message/"Cleanup">. =over 4 =item $obj-E<gt>B<DESTROY>() Inherited, see L<Mail::Reporter/"Cleanup"> =item $obj-E<gt>B<destruct>() Message parts can not be destructed per part: only whole messages can be forcefully freed from memory. Of course, you can L<delete()|Mail::Message/"Flags"> separate parts, which only sets a flag not to write a part again. Furthermore, you may cosider L<rebuild()|Mail::Message::Construct::Rebuild/"Constructing a message"> to get rit of deleted parts. =back =head1 DETAILS Extends L<"DETAILS" in Mail::Message|Mail::Message/"DETAILS">. =head1 DIAGNOSTICS =over 4 =item Error: Cannot include forward source as $include. Unknown alternative for the L<forward(include)|Mail::Message::Construct::Forward/"Constructing a message">. Valid choices are C<NO>, C<INLINE>, C<ATTACH>, and C<ENCAPSULATE>. =item Error: Cannot include reply source as $include. Unknown alternative for the C<include> option of L<reply()|Mail::Message::Construct::Reply/"Constructing a message">. Valid choices are C<NO>, C<INLINE>, and C<ATTACH>. =item Error: Method bounce requires To, Cc, or Bcc The message L<bounce()|Mail::Message::Construct::Bounce/"Constructing a message"> method forwards a received message off to someone else without modification; you must specified it's new destination. If you have the urge not to specify any destination, you probably are looking for L<reply()|Mail::Message::Construct::Reply/"Constructing a message">. When you wish to modify the content, use L<forward()|Mail::Message::Construct::Forward/"Constructing a message">. =item Error: Method forwardAttach requires a preamble =item Error: Method forwardEncapsulate requires a preamble =item Error: No address to create forwarded to. If a forward message is created, a destination address must be specified. =item Error: No default mailer found to send message. The message L<send()|Mail::Message/"The message"> mechanism had not enough information to automatically find a mail transfer agent to sent this message. Specify a mailer explicitly using the C<via> options. =item Error: No rebuild rule $name defined. =item Error: Only build() Mail::Message's; they are not in a folder yet You may wish to construct a message to be stored in a some kind of folder, but you need to do that in two steps. First, create a normal L<Mail::Message|Mail::Message>, and then add it to the folder. During this L<Mail::Box::addMessage()|Mail::Box/"The folder"> process, the message will get L<coerce()|Mail::Message::Part/"METHODS">-d into the right message type, adding storage information and the like. =item Error: Package $package does not implement $method. Fatal error: the specific package (or one of its superclasses) does not implement this method where it should. This message means that some other related classes do implement this method however the class at hand does not. Probably you should investigate this and probably inform the author of the package. =item Error: You cannot destruct message parts, only whole messages Message parts can not be destructed per part: only whole messages can be forcefully freed from memory. Consider L<delete()|Mail::Message/"Flags"> or L<rebuild()|Mail::Message::Construct::Rebuild/"Constructing a message">. =back =head1 SEE ALSO This module is part of Mail-Message distribution version 3.012, built on February 11, 2022. Website: F<http://perl.overmeer.net/CPAN/> =head1 LICENSE Copyrights 2001-2022 by [Mark Overmeer <markov@cpan.org>]. For other contributors see ChangeLog. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. See F<http://dev.perl.org/licenses/>
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