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drwxr-xr-x
411toppm
18.02
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AutoSearch
66.17
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GET
15.82
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15.82
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110.4
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963
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15.82
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2.75
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134.54
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11.78
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274
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274
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50.44
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34.52
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34.52
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30.52
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58.43
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30.95
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72.86
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35.18
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35.18
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62
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14.14
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8.14
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26.46
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14.38
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26.7
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50
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38.53
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52.56
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161.91
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agentxtrap
26.38
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aleph
523.81
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6.53
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alpinef
6.53
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443.84
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animate
14.15
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animate-im6
14.15
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animate-im6.q16
14.15
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14.15
KB
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annotate-output
2.19
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anytopnm
5.55
KB
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appletviewer
14.32
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apport-bug
2.51
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13.05
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apport-collect
2.51
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apport-unpack
2.02
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14.3
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apropos
47.28
KB
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apt
18.38
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apt-add-repository
14.14
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apt-cache
82.47
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apt-cdrom
26.47
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apt-config
26.39
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22.47
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230.48
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50.47
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27.51
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50.47
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38.4
KB
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3.36
MB
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aptitude-changelog-parser
522
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1.89
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3.36
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2.78
KB
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ar
54.48
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arch
30.51
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archpath
1.24
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as
456.4
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asciitopgm
14.02
KB
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aspell
142.48
KB
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aspell-import
2
KB
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at
54.32
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atktopbm
14.02
KB
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atq
54.32
KB
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atrm
54.32
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attr
14.3
KB
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autoconf
14.85
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autoexpect
7.53
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autoheader
8.82
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autom4te
32.69
KB
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automake
255.91
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automake-1.16
255.91
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autopasswd
378
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autoreconf
26.3
KB
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autoscan
16.77
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46.32
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autoupdate
33.22
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awk
688.46
KB
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aws
815
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aws_completer
1.11
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axohelp
78.39
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50.52
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base32
34.51
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base64
34.51
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34.51
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46.51
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1.33
MB
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6.66
KB
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152
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bc
90.82
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bdf2gdfont
4.58
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bdftogd
3.9
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584
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114.38
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114.38
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bibtex8
138.95
KB
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146.91
KB
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bioradtopgm
14.02
KB
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bison
492.8
KB
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bison.yacc
4.12
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bmptopnm
18.05
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bmptoppm
18.05
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boltctl
122.98
KB
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bootctl
70.49
KB
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botti
613.23
KB
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browse
25.46
KB
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browserslist
4.06
KB
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brushtopbm
14.02
KB
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bsd-mailx
110.4
KB
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btrfs
844.13
KB
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483.25
KB
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439.33
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467.25
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439.25
KB
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439.25
KB
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844.13
KB
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443.26
KB
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bts
139.68
KB
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16.68
KB
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46.7
KB
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560
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529
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562
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531
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38.38
KB
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90.49
KB
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2.09
MB
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539
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8.17
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996
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4.66
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byobu-disable
1.26
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1.31
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byobu-enable
1.15
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1.42
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1.32
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6.29
KB
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1.47
KB
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3.25
KB
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1.87
KB
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2.4
KB
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1.52
KB
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3.27
KB
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1.13
KB
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1.38
KB
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3.22
KB
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8.17
KB
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1.42
KB
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byobu-select-profile
5
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byobu-select-session
1012
B
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1.56
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1.28
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byobu-status
5.87
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byobu-status-detail
1.18
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8.17
KB
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4.56
KB
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byobu-ulevel
11.71
KB
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38.38
KB
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bzcmp
2.17
KB
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bzdiff
2.17
KB
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bzegrep
3.69
KB
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bzexe
4.78
KB
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bzfgrep
3.69
KB
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bzgrep
3.69
KB
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bzip2
38.38
KB
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14.3
KB
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1.27
KB
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bzmore
1.27
KB
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c++
910.82
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22.27
KB
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c89
428
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428
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454
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454
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6.8
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36.95
KB
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2.78
KB
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86.41
KB
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cat
34.46
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catman
34.76
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853
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cc
906.82
KB
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ccache-swig
54.23
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ccache-swig4.0
54.23
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ccze
47.52
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ccze-cssdump
18.88
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cgclassify
14.45
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cgcreate
14.57
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cgdelete
14.38
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cgexec
14.41
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cgget
22.38
KB
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cgset
14.38
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cgsnapshot
22.54
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chacl
22.3
KB
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chage
70.49
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chardet
965
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chardetect
965
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chartex
5.68
KB
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14.31
KB
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58.51
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chdist
20.69
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31.56
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14.3
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chem
28.49
KB
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chfn
71.01
KB
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chg
34.38
KB
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chgrp
54.51
KB
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chkdvifont
30.38
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chmod
54.51
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choom
22.38
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chown
58.51
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chpst
30.43
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chrt
26.38
KB
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chsh
43.76
KB
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chvt
14.23
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ci
807
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cifsiostat
22.45
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cjpeg
54.21
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ckbcomp
146.31
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34.41
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clear
14.31
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clear_console
14.23
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clhsdb
14.34
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clusterdb
9.21
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cmp
42.39
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14.02
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co
807
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codepage
14.15
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col
22.38
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963
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963
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963
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963
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963
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963
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963
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963
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963
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14.38
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4.06
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colrm
14.38
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column
34.38
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combinediff
50.89
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comm
34.52
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compare
14.15
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compare-im6
14.15
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14.15
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-rwxr-xr-x
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1.32
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18.06
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-rwxr-xr-x
composite
14.15
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composite-im6
14.15
KB
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14.15
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-rwxr-xr-x
config_data
6.97
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14.15
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conjure-im6
14.15
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-rwxr-xr-x
conjure-im6.q16
14.15
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-rwxr-xr-x
convert
14.15
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-rwxr-xr-x
convert-im6
14.15
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-rwxr-xr-x
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14.15
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-rwxr-xr-x
corelist
15.01
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-rwxr-xr-x
cover
20.96
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-rwxr-xr-x
cowpoke
16.34
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-rwxr-xr-x
cp
138.51
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-rwxr-xr-x
cpan
8.16
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cpan5.34-x86_64-linux-gnu
8.18
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-rwxr-xr-x
cpancover
5.49
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cpanel_json_xs
9.76
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-rwxr-xr-x
cpio
141.64
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cpp
906.82
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cpp-11
906.82
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cpp-12
1.32
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crc32
1.04
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-rwxr-xr-x
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9.21
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createlang
9.21
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createuser
9.21
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-rwxr-xr-x
crontab
38.64
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cryptdir
1.44
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-rwxr-xr-x
csh
425.4
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csplit
106.51
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ctags
301.78
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ctags-exuberant
301.78
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155.2
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960
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50.91
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ctie
18.4
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ctstat
22.66
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ctwill
99
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ctwill-refsort
14.3
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ctwill-twinx
14.3
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curl
254.23
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6.52
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cut
38.51
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cvs
829.46
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cvs-debc
11.8
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cvs-debi
11.8
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11.95
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cvs-debuild
6.84
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2.47
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82.29
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cvtsudoers
296.4
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cweave
95
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daemon
121.3
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darcs
22.52
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dash
122.74
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date
102.51
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db5.3_archive
14.02
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db5.3_checkpoint
14.02
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db5.3_deadlock
14.02
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db5.3_dump
18.02
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db5.3_hotbackup
18.02
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db5.3_load
26.02
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db5.3_log_verify
14.02
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db5.3_printlog
34.02
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db5.3_recover
14.02
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db5.3_replicate
14.02
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db5.3_stat
18.02
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db5.3_upgrade
14.02
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db5.3_verify
14.02
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14.02
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14.02
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14.02
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18.02
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18.02
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26.02
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14.02
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34.02
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14.02
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14.02
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18.02
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14.02
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14.02
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1.35
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6.06
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5.27
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14.29
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227.32
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26.29
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14.29
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26.29
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14.29
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14.29
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46.24
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65.04
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9.94
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66.52
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9.39
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14.23
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4.51
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5.79
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20.89
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6.01
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6.47
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44.19
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16.59
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65.04
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45.11
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5.96
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30.16
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2.79
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11.27
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608
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1.68
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647
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2.92
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1.78
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40.86
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12.29
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16.59
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22.95
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23.37
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18.15
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23.72
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10.75
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6.08
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9.06
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23.46
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12.98
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24.81
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41.63
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34.77
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1.44
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14.3
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14.3
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1.32
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14.38
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45.32
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5.47
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26.88
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12.57
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58.32
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43.34
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83.08
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23.94
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1.79
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1.81
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4.31
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4.2
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17.96
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9.22
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1.94
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1.17
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1.5
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17.29
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940
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71.52
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4.35
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1.93
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130.55
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2.86
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54.52
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150.83
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134.98
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38.52
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433.02
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54.92
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30.38
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22.31
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7.75
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14.15
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14.15
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14.15
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22.89
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968
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42.21
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70.61
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22.23
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1.82
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10.42
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22.23
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54.34
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15.14
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15.14
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22.15
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310.69
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13.51
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949
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7.39
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31.67
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7.45
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134.49
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18.49
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2.72
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118.49
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1005
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16.71
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17.27
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14.24
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10.65
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20.71
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8.69
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6.63
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4.83
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138.52
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4.09
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8.5
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8.96
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30.96
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22.56
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98.51
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46.26
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42.41
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3.19
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9.21
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9.21
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9.21
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4.16
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13.9
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226.59
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40.49
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146.51
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16.02
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1.4
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158.71
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5.21
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23.87
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58.69
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30.5
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22.6
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54.4
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4.38
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54.82
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54.82
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62.83
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62.83
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62.83
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1007
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835.77
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835.77
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2.63
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50.79
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219.32
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22.5
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47.52
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34.5
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800
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46.42
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1.82
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2.74
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835.77
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46.27
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46.27
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8.38
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34.3
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54.49
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18.06
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8.14
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2.02
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729.83
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72.69
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28
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42.23
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34.72
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101.49
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30.23
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30.23
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40.84
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3.01
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22.3
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42.95
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21.98
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34.38
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21.98
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639
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544.22
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188.45
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3.16
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507
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507
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158
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151.01
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151.01
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554.86
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1.11
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302.54
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34.53
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14.15
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7.53
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378
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1.44
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1.44
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7.75
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10.63
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2.56
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5.26
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29.85
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4.45
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8.68
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504
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306
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280
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11.24
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16.3
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643
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2.03
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4.75
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6.59
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22.59
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102.41
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14.32
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835.77
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18.02
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957
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960
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1.25
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1.38
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2.23
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22.59
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30.39
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30.38
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3.9
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3.9
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3.9
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22.38
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26.3
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22.23
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18.23
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14.23
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14.23
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14.23
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14.23
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14.23
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14.23
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14.23
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14.3
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294.48
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146.47
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174.64
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14.23
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21.98
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28
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118.6
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26.68
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26.68
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46.48
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26.56
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55.48
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2.06
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22.42
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275.48
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11.74
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63.61
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18.02
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1.83
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15.16
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405.18
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405.18
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2.01
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10.35
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4.48
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50.89
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22.48
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38.51
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53.83
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929
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926
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34.51
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46.3
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50.87
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fping6
50.87
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26.23
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27.29
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frm.mailutils
27.29
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26.82
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from.mailutils
26.82
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18.17
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18.3
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65
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14.02
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178.9
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686
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23.66
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98.36
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ftptop
27.33
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43.8
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22.3
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39.31
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34.38
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fusermount3
34.38
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960
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910.82
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g++-11
910.82
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g3topbm
17.13
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22.38
KB
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688.46
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906.82
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906.82
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26.54
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26.54
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34.63
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26.54
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26.54
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34.63
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26.54
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26.54
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34.63
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3.4
KB
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400.01
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400.01
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736.26
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251.84
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251.84
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576.13
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275.93
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600.22
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5.67
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14.15
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14.15
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14.15
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9.8
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4.52
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126
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50.38
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14.15
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7.51
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14.15
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14.15
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254
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545
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14.02
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14.02
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14.78
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26.37
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14.73
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26.61
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26.78
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147.91
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188.45
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2.12
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4.71
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34.29
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38.65
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30.81
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22.76
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14.23
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22.38
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34.38
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5.07
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41.28
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46.39
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26.38
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26.39
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14.15
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14.15
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22.02
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103.23
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-rwxr-xr-x
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90.4
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14.3
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3.54
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8.82
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3.54
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552.58
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3.54
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3.54
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1.72
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814
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50.3
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18.19
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249.7
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1.93
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1.93
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3.04
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34.79
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767
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14.02
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70.38
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6.87
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1
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312.96
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82.99
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115.05
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3.43
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889.02
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496.48
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126.73
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6.29
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34.38
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418.9
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26.55
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63.39
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271.04
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200.04
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5.28
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111.79
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3.08
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674.84
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178.45
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48.08
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48.08
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48.08
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48.08
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12.45
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48.08
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55.48
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22.3
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86.84
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118.49
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94.5
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8.04
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2.71
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122.8
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114.5
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70.69
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162.55
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118.52
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34.51
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26.22
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376.95
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816.45
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937.92
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247.86
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228.13
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272.42
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252.17
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417.66
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256.2
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247.58
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998.47
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493.95
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38.24
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828.83
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275.7
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781.34
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14.15
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350
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352
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352
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30.3
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34.49
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353
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350
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277
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126.48
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18.31
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38.57
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2.29
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133.69
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6.3
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91.23
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28.54
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59.51
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19.09
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34.43
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50.39
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42.51
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2.46
KB
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50.39
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46.16
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1.78
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3.49
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858.41
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14.02
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118.82
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30.51
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22.23
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30.38
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250.45
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14.34
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38.31
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26.3
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14.3
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218.32
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3.21
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277.19
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26.3
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10.58
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26.65
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38.7
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14.02
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66.41
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30.98
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14.62
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38.51
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26.45
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14.15
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14.15
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14.15
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14.32
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4.08
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18.34
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66.1
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1.21
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4.57
KB
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14.02
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14.15
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14.15
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14.15
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99.91
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46.51
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301.74
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301.74
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62.38
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86.41
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391.94
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399.97
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142.52
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103.23
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4.27
KB
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50.89
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18.38
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54.44
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702.05
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31.91
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22.45
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18.38
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38.38
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153.26
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14.23
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26.16
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22.45
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38.8
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914.03
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96.95
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507
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507
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532.29
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532.29
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14.2
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398.46
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102.77
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7.05
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14.32
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14.32
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14.29
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14.32
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14.32
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14.32
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14.32
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14.32
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14.34
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14.34
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14.32
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373.49
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373.49
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14.32
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14.32
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78.9
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14.37
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14.32
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729.83
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14.37
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729.83
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46.55
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34.83
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78.39
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14.14
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30.09
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46.14
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729.83
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14.32
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14.32
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26.08
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14.34
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1004
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2.83
KB
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4.88
KB
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1004
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3.77
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1.79
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397
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14.37
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729.83
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14.32
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14.32
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14.52
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18.23
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62.83
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3.51
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4.79
KB
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46.38
KB
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961
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14.32
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10.63
KB
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30.23
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31.34
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166.36
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18.45
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14.3
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14.3
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14.3
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27.3
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6.78
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6.78
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1.36
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1.36
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1.8
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34.38
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34.38
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30.75
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27.63
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1.72
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7.6
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1.66
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1.66
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3.04
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5.32
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14.02
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194.38
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14.31
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8.83
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23.7
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8.83
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405.18
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lexgrog
99.75
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lft
2.43
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lft.db
2.43
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1.64
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1.27
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15.41
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2.41
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2.41
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128.26
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30.51
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2.22
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linux-check-removal
3.99
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6.17
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-rwxr-xr-x
linux-version
2.63
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
linux32
26.65
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
linux64
26.65
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lispmtopgm
14.02
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
list-unreleased
1.92
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
listen
539
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-rwxr-xr-x
listres
14.73
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lkbib
54.49
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ln
58.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lnstat
22.66
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
loadkeys
198.76
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
loadunimap
30.32
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
locale
57.56
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
locale-check
14.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
localectl
26.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
localedef
326.96
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lockfile
18.02
KB
-rwxr-sr-x
lockfile-check
14.16
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lockfile-create
14.16
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lockfile-remove
14.16
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lockfile-touch
14.16
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lockmail
22.15
KB
-rwxr-sr-x
lockmail.maildrop
22.15
KB
-rwxr-sr-x
logger
34.97
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
login
51.73
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
loginctl
58.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
logname
30.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
logresolve
14.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
look
18.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lookbib
50.49
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lowntfs-3g
114.98
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lpunlock
2.56
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ls
134.98
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lsattr
14.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lsb_release
3.55
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lsblk
122.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lscgroup
14.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lscpu
98.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lsdev
1.56
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lsdiff
55.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lshw
901.2
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lsinitramfs
706
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-rwxr-xr-x
lsipc
50.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lslocks
30.7
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lslogins
50.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lsmem
34.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lsmod
166.36
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lsns
38.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lsof
163.62
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lspci
92.08
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lspgpot
1.06
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lssubsys
14.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lsusb
246.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ltnu
2.47
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lto-dump-11
23.73
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
lto-dump-12
31.05
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-rwxr-xr-x
ltrace
269.2
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
luahbtex
6.68
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-rwxr-xr-x
luajithbtex
6.57
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-rwxr-xr-x
luajittex
6.54
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
lualatex
6.68
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-rwxr-xr-x
luatex
6.64
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
luit
48.44
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lwp-download
10.05
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lwp-dump
2.65
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lwp-mirror
2.36
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lwp-request
15.82
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lynx
1.89
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
lzcat
82.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lzcmp
6.86
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lzdiff
6.86
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lzegrep
5.87
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lzfgrep
5.87
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lzgrep
5.87
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lzless
1.76
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lzma
82.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lzmainfo
14.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
lzmore
2.11
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
m17n-db
3.65
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
m4
154.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mac2unix
54.34
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
macptopbm
14.02
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mag
14.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mail
110.4
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mail-lock
14.16
KB
-rwxr-sr-x
mail-touchlock
14.16
KB
-rwxr-sr-x
mail-unlock
14.16
KB
-rwxr-sr-x
mail.mailutils
229.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mailbot
106.27
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
maildirmake
42.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
maildirmake.maildrop
42.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
maildrop
210.44
KB
-rwxr-sr-x
mailq
30.45
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mailstat
5.72
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mailx
110.4
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
make
249.7
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
make-first-existing-target
4.79
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
make_method
21.64
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
makeconv
50.89
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
makedat
2.13
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
makedat.maildrop
2.13
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
makedatprog
14.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
makeindex
84.7
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
makejvf
46.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
makemime
34.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
man
117.68
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
man-recode
35.68
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mandb
139.94
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
manifest
1.9
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
manpage-alert
4.61
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
manpath
30.78
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mapscrn
30.32
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
marcdump
5.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mass-bug
17.06
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mawk
154.79
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mc
1.05
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
mcdiff
1.05
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-rwxr-xr-x
mcedit
1.05
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-rwxr-xr-x
mcookie
26.45
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-rwxr-xr-x
mcview
1.05
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
md5sum
42.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
md5sum.textutils
42.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mdatopbm
14.02
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mdig
50.4
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mech-dump
4.75
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mediainfo
46.24
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mendex
113.22
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
merge
30.45
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mergechanges
11.16
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mesg
14.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
messages
14.67
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
messages.mailutils
14.67
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mf
391.94
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mf-nowin
383.58
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mflua
1.37
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
mflua-nowin
1.37
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-rwxr-xr-x
mfluajit
1.37
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-rwxr-xr-x
mfluajit-nowin
1.37
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-rwxr-xr-x
mfplain
800
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-rwxr-xr-x
mft
46.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mgrtopbm
14.02
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
migrate-pubring-from-classic-g...
2.99
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mimeview
19.35
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mk-build-deps
19.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mk-origtargz
6.92
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mk_modmap
15.78
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mkdir
66.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mkfifo
38.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mkindex
1.03
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mknod
42.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mkocp
171
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-rwxr-xr-x
mkofm
85
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-rwxr-xr-x
mkpasswd
26.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mktemp
38.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mktexfmt
53.83
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mktexlsr
8.03
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mktexmf
3.91
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mktexpk
9.66
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mktextfm
5.77
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mlock
14.15
KB
-rwxr-sr-x
mlogc
42.2
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mmroff
3.75
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mogrify
14.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mogrify-im6
14.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mogrify-im6.q16
14.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mokutil
59.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
montage
14.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
montage-im6
14.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
montage-im6.q16
14.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
more
42.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mount
46.38
KB
-rwsr-xr-x
mountpoint
18.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
movemail
40.26
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
movemail.mailutils
40.26
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mp3-decoder
155.63
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mpack
26.47
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mpg123
155.63
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mpg123-alsa
50
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-rwxr-xr-x
mpg123-id3dump
22.63
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mpg123-jack
50
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-rwxr-xr-x
mpg123-nas
49
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mpg123-openal
52
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mpg123-oss
49
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-rwxr-xr-x
mpg123-portaudio
55
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-rwxr-xr-x
mpg123-pulse
51
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-rwxr-xr-x
mpg123-strip
14.58
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-rwxr-xr-x
mpg123.bin
155.63
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-rwxr-xr-x
mpost
800
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-rwxr-xr-x
mpstat
50.45
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-rwxr-xr-x
mptopdf
4.37
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msgattrib
26.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msgcat
26.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msgcmp
26.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msgcomm
26.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msgconv
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msgen
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msgexec
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msgfilter
34.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msgfmt
82.59
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msggrep
114.46
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msginit
66.39
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msgmerge
74.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msgunfmt
34.39
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msguniq
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
msxlint
18.33
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mt
66.73
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mt-gnu
66.73
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mtr
114.01
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mtr-packet
38.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mtvtoppm
14.02
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
multilog
30.09
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
multitail
266.06
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
multixterm
29.85
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
munchlist
31.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
munpack
46.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mutt
1.22
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-rwxr-xr-x
mutt_dotlock
14.3
KB
-rwxr-sr-x
mv
134.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
myisam_ftdump
6.35
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-rwxr-xr-x
mysql
6.65
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-rwxr-xr-x
mysql_config
4.97
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mysql_config_editor
157.03
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mysqladmin
6.49
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
mysqlanalyze
6.49
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-rwxr-xr-x
mysqlcheck
6.49
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mysqldump
6.57
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mysqldumpslow
7.54
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mysqlimport
6.48
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-rwxr-xr-x
mysqloptimize
6.49
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-rwxr-xr-x
mysqlpump
6.85
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-rwxr-xr-x
mysqlrepair
6.49
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-rwxr-xr-x
mysqlreport
38.1
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
mysqlshow
6.49
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-rwxr-xr-x
mysqlslap
6.5
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-rwxr-xr-x
name2addr
14.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
namecheck
5.18
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
namei
22.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nano
276.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
native2ascii
14.32
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nawk
688.46
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nc
38.63
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nc.openbsd
38.63
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ncal
36.95
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ncftp
314.39
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ncftp3
314.39
KB
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ncftpbatch
214.42
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-rwxr-xr-x
ncftpbookmarks
151.23
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-rwxr-xr-x
ncftpget
214.45
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ncftpls
178.45
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ncftpput
210.45
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-rwxr-xr-x
ncftpspooler
214.42
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ncurses5-config
8.21
KB
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ncurses6-config
8.21
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ncursesw5-config
8.21
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ncursesw6-config
8.21
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-rwxr-xr-x
ndisc6
18.38
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-rwsr-xr-x
neotoppm
14.02
KB
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neqn
913
B
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net-server
3.34
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
netcat
38.63
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
netstat
154.59
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
networkctl
102.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
networkd-dispatcher
19.71
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
newaliases
30.45
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-rwxr-xr-x
newgrp
39.55
KB
-rwsr-xr-x
ngettext
34.38
KB
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nice
34.51
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nisdomainname
22.23
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nl
98.57
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nm
43.63
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nmudiff
12.79
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nn
337.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nnadmin
337.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nnbatch
337.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nncheck
337.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nngoback
337.52
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-rwxr-xr-x
nngrab
943
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nngrep
337.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nnpost
337.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nnstats
3.2
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nntidy
337.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nnusage
1.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nnview
337.52
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
node
26.08
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nodejs
26.08
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nohup
34.41
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nokogiri
551
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nproc
34.51
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-rwxr-xr-x
nroff
3.22
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nsenter
26.6
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nslookup
118.82
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nstat
30.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
nsupdate
74.55
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ntfs-3g
159.01
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ntfs-3g.probe
14.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ntfscat
26.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ntfscluster
38.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ntfscmp
30.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ntfsdecrypt
42.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ntfsfallocate
26.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
ntfsfix
34.38
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ntfsinfo
54.38
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ntfsls
27.45
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ntfsmove
30.38
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ntfsrecover
106.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
ntfssecaudit
78.86
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-rwxr-xr-x
ntfstruncate
26.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
ntfsusermap
18.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
ntfswipe
42.91
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-rwxr-xr-x
ntpdc
150.27
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-rwxr-xr-x
ntpq
188.3
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ntpsweep
7.79
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ntptrace
3.48
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
numfmt
54.54
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
objcopy
162.54
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
objdump
365.13
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
od
66.51
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-rwxr-xr-x
odvicopy
54.4
KB
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odvitype
46.42
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
oem-getlogs
8.59
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ofm2opl
107.65
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-rwxr-xr-x
omfonts
107.65
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
on_ac_power
3.7
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open
25.46
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openipmi_eventd
30.23
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openipmicmd
26.16
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
openipmish
38.8
KB
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openssl
977.8
KB
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openvt
22.59
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
opl2ofm
107.65
KB
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orbd
14.38
KB
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origtargz
12.69
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-rwxr-xr-x
otangle
38.39
KB
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otp2ocp
30.31
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
out123
69.48
KB
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outocp
14.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ovf2ovp
107.65
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
ovp2ovf
107.65
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
pack200
14.32
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
pager
194.38
KB
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palmtopnm
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18.06
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50.44
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13.34
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22.38
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26.23
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26.23
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14.02
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14.3
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18.02
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35.32
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2.58
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4.29
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18.23
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46.51
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30.23
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slabtop
22.23
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-rwxr-xr-x
sldtoppm
18.09
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-rwxr-xr-x
sleep
34.51
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-rwxr-xr-x
slogin
827.04
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-rwxr-xr-x
slrn
466.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
slsh
39.75
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-rwxr-xr-x
smime_keys
30.31
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-rwxr-xr-x
snice
30.23
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-rwxr-xr-x
snmp-bridge-mib
29.96
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-rwxr-xr-x
snmpbulkget
14.3
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snmpbulkwalk
14.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
snmpcheck
32.91
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-rwxr-xr-x
snmpconf
25.44
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-rwxr-xr-x
snmpdelta
22.4
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snmpdf
18.3
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snmpget
14.3
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snmpgetnext
14.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
snmpinform
14.57
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-rwxr-xr-x
snmpnetstat
68.29
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snmpping
22.3
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snmpset
14.3
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snmpstatus
15.13
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snmptable
26.33
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snmptest
22.3
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snmptls
18.3
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snmptranslate
22.3
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snmptrap
14.57
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snmpusm
42.51
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snmpvacm
31.39
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-rwxr-xr-x
snmpwalk
18.3
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-rwxr-xr-x
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383.62
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-rwxr-xr-x
socklist
3.32
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-rwxr-xr-x
soelim
30.48
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-rwxr-xr-x
softlimit
22.02
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-rwxr-xr-x
solterm
26.23
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-rwxr-xr-x
sort
98.8
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sort-dctrl
34.64
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sos
612
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sos-collector
1.04
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sosreport
1.03
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spctoppm
14.02
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-rwxr-xr-x
sphinx-apidoc
967
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sphinx-autogen
969
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sphinx-build
965
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sphinx-quickstart
975
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18.96
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50.97
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-rwxr-xr-x
splitdiff
3.38
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
splitfont
14.15
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spring
539
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sprockets
2.08
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-rwxr-xr-x
sputoppm
14.02
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-rwxr-xr-x
sqlite
35.41
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-rwxr-xr-x
sqlite3
1.56
MB
-rwxr-xr-x
ss
125.07
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-rwxr-xr-x
ssh
827.04
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-rwxr-xr-x
ssh-add
166.42
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-rwxr-xr-x
ssh-agent
286.43
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-rwxr-sr-x
ssh-argv0
1.42
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ssh-copy-id
12.38
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ssh-import-id
985
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ssh-import-id-gh
785
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ssh-import-id-lp
785
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ssh-keygen
446.44
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-rwxr-xr-x
ssh-keyscan
190.44
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-rwxr-xr-x
st4topgm
14.02
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-rwxr-xr-x
stat
78.52
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-rwxr-xr-x
static-sh
2.09
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-rwxr-xr-x
stdbuf
42.51
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-rwxr-xr-x
strace
1.88
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-rwxr-xr-x
strace-log-merge
1.78
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stream
14.15
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stream-im6
14.15
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-rwxr-xr-x
stream-im6.q16
14.15
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-rwxr-xr-x
streamzip
7.75
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-rwxr-xr-x
strfile
18.15
KB
-rwxr-xr-x
strings
30.61
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-rwxr-xr-x
strip
162.57
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-rwxr-xr-x
stty
74.51
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-rwxr-xr-x
stubmaker
3.34
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-rwxr-xr-x
stunnel
219.96
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-rwxr-xr-x
stunnel3
2.72
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-rwxr-xr-x
stunnel4
219.96
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-rwxr-xr-x
su
54.38
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-rwsr-xr-x
sudo
226.97
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-rwsr-xr-x
sudoedit
226.97
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-rwsr-xr-x
sudoreplay
87.64
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-rwxr-xr-x
sum
34.41
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-rwxr-xr-x
supervise
26.07
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-rwxr-xr-x
suspicious-source
5.39
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sv
26.38
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svc
22.04
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svlogd
46.38
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svn
442.44
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svn-backup-dumps
23.93
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svn-bisect
4.31
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svn-clean
6.43
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svn-hot-backup
11.46
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svn-mergeinfo-normalizer
82.38
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svn-populate-node-origins-inde...
14.3
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svn-vendor
46.9
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svn_apply_autoprops
5.41
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65.8
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svnadmin
134.38
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34.38
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svnauthz-validate
34.38
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74.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
svndiff
807
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svndiffview
814
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svndumpfilter
42.48
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svnfsfs
42.38
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svnlook
90.38
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svnmucc
34.38
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svnpath
2.4
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svnraisetreeconflict
18.38
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svnrdump
54.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
svnserve
110.44
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-rwxr-xr-x
svnsync
66.38
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svnversion
14.38
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-rwxr-xr-x
svnwrap
894
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svok
13.98
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-rwxr-xr-x
svscan
21.98
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-rwxr-xr-x
svscanboot
743
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svstat
22.04
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-rwxr-xr-x
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1.88
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-rwxr-xr-x
swig4.0
1.88
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34.41
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34.3
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1.06
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1.76
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1.73
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18.48
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systemd-cat
18.38
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systemd-cgls
22.48
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systemd-cgtop
38.39
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systemd-cryptenroll
50.53
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systemd-delta
26.37
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systemd-detect-virt
18.37
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systemd-escape
22.37
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systemd-hwdb
118.66
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systemd-id128
26.37
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systemd-inhibit
22.39
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systemd-machine-id-setup
18.48
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systemd-mount
50.59
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systemd-notify
22.38
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systemd-path
18.37
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systemd-run
62.57
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systemd-socket-activate
26.37
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systemd-stdio-bridge
22.38
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systemd-sysext
46.49
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62.68
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98.57
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systemd-tty-ask-password-agent
34.37
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50.59
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38.52
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t1asm
39.55
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t1binary
38.51
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t1disasm
42.47
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t1mac
46.6
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t1unmac
38.67
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t4ht
34.38
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18.3
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tac
98.41
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12.06
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tai64n
14.02
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tai64nlocal
14.08
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tail
66.52
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tangle
46.47
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26.44
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tar
505.81
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26.82
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taskset
22.38
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tbl
126.48
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tbl-dctrl
38.73
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tclsh
14.15
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tclsh8.6
14.15
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1.27
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tcpspray.ndisc6
22.38
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tcpspray6
56
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tcptraceroute6
14.38
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tcsh
425.4
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tee
34.51
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telnet
107.56
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telnet.netkit
107.56
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tempfile
14.02
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test
42.44
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tex
399.97
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tex2aspc
18.42
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tex4ht
102.44
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texdoc
1.35
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texdoctk
60.77
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texhash
8.03
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6.64
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texluac
6.64
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6.54
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texluajitc
6.54
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42.6
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tftopl
38.41
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tgatoppm
18.02
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thinkjettopbm
22.03
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thor
510
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tic
86.41
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tidy
42.23
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tie
18.3
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tifftopnm
26.02
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tilt
3.38
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time
26.52
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timed-read
306
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280
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46.37
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timeout
38.95
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tin
1
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tknewsbiff
11.24
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tkpasswd
16.3
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tl-paper
4.46
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tlmgr
339.11
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tload
18.24
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tmux
948.55
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tnameserv
14.38
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tnftp
178.9
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todos
18.17
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toe
22.3
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toilet
26.68
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top
130.06
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touch
90.51
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tpage
8.86
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tpic2pdftex
12.29
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tput
26.34
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tr
46.51
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trac-admin
955
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tracd
945
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18.15
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2.82
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traceproto.db
2.82
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67.16
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1.58
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67.16
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34.45
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67.16
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54
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1.13
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6.35
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79.38
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718.61
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26.3
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34.51
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4.8
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tset
26.31
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tsort
46.51
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ttf2afm
46.4
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ttf2pk
88.22
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ttf2tfm
138.38
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ttfdump
103.5
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ttree
38.23
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tty
30.51
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typeprof3.0
554
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tzselect
15.02
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1003
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1003
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ubuntu-bug
2.51
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ubuntu-distro-info
22.89
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ubuntu-security-status
22.25
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ucf
40.9
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ucfq
18.91
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ucfr
10.47
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uclampset
26.38
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uconv
54.83
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udevadm
1.08
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ujconv
4.59
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ujguess
3.59
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ul
22.38
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umap
6.52
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34.38
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uname
34.51
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unattended-upgrade
97.21
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unattended-upgrades
97.21
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643
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2.29
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unexpand
34.53
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unicode_start
2.7
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unicode_stop
530
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uniq
42.51
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unix2dos
54.34
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unix2mac
54.34
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unlink
30.51
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unlzma
82.52
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unmkinitramfs
3.69
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unpack200
109.12
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unrtf
90.17
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unshar
80.78
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unshare
30.6
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unstr
14.15
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unwrapdiff
5.8
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unxz
82.52
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unzip
170.42
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unzipsfx
78.42
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unzstd
854.59
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upbibtex
117.05
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update-alternatives
58.24
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update-leap
11.73
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update-mime-database
58.23
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update-perl-sax-parsers
6.03
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update_rubygems
593
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86.25
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updmap-sys
925
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updmap-user
922
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updvitomp
808.04
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updvitype
58.43
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upmendex
134.98
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upmpost
808.04
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upower
22.3
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uppltotf
62.39
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uptex
466.8
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uptftopl
50.41
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uptime
14.23
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4.33
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usbhid-dump
30.38
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usbreset
14.3
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uscan
74.67
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users
34.51
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utmpdump
22.38
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uudecode
84.34
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uuencode
80.34
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uuidgen
18.38
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uuidparse
22.38
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uupdate
37.36
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vacuumdb
9.21
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vacuumlo
9.21
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vcs-run
6.75
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vdir
134.98
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123.5
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vftovp
54.41
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vi
3.61
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view
3.61
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viewres
31.23
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vigpg
2.58
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3.61
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vim.basic
3.61
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1.45
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3.61
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9.83
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46.73
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38.24
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74.56
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42.52
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3
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26.54
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3.04
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31.05
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758.44
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30.45
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30.61
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162.57
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50.28
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xargs
62.41
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xauth
54.96
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xbmtopbm
14.02
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xdg-desktop-icon
20.16
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xdg-desktop-menu
42.27
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xdg-email
26.3
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xdg-icon-resource
29.33
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xdg-mime
41.14
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xdg-open
25.46
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xdg-screensaver
37.11
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xdg-settings
37.52
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xdg-user-dir
234
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xdg-user-dirs-update
26.23
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xdpyinfo
39.05
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xdriinfo
14.3
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2.96
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749.48
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749.48
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xdvipdfmx
835.77
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708.38
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34.63
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xfd
40.01
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43.85
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297.01
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6.41
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14.02
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212.1
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42.38
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23.1
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23.16
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xkibitz
4.75
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14.3
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14.3
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xlsclients
18.31
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xlsfonts
26.4
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xmessage
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xml2-config
1.4
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xml2pmx
126.4
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xpath
4.74
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xpmtoppm
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xprop
48.61
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xpstat
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xslt-config
2.1
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xsltproc
30.15
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xsubpp
5.05
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90.44
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18.3
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14.02
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22.02
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50.38
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xxd
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14.02
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329.63
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1.64
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5.76
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2.89
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170.42
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62.4
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58.4
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2.15
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1.8
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${this.title}
Close
Code Editor : exiftool
#!/usr/bin/perl -w #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # File: exiftool # # Description: Read/write meta information # # Revisions: Nov. 12/03 - P. Harvey Created # (See html/history.html for revision history) #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ use strict; require 5.004; my $version = '12.40'; # add our 'lib' directory to the include list BEFORE 'use Image::ExifTool' BEGIN { # (undocumented -xpath option added in 11.91, must come before other options) my $exePath = @ARGV && lc($ARGV[0]) eq '-xpath' && shift() ? $^X : $0; # get exe directory my $exeDir = ($exePath =~ /(.*)[\\\/]/) ? $1 : '.'; my $incDir = ($0 =~ /(.*)[\\\/]/) ? "$1/lib" : './lib'; if (-l $0) { my $lnk = eval { readlink $0 }; if (defined $lnk) { my $lnkDir = ($lnk =~ /(.*)[\\\/]/) ? $1 : '.'; $exeDir = (($lnk =~ m(^/)) ? '' : $exeDir . '/') . $lnkDir; $incDir = "$exeDir/lib"; } } $Image::ExifTool::exeDir = $exeDir; # use our exeDir for loading config file # add lib directory at start of include path unshift @INC, $incDir; # load or disable config file if specified if (@ARGV and lc($ARGV[0]) eq '-config') { shift; $Image::ExifTool::configFile = shift; } } use Image::ExifTool qw{:Public}; # function prototypes sub SigInt(); sub SigCont(); sub Cleanup(); sub GetImageInfo($$); sub SetImageInfo($$$); sub DoHardLink($$$$$); sub CleanXML($); sub EncodeXML($); sub FormatXML($$$); sub EscapeJSON($;$); sub FormatJSON($$$); sub PrintCSV(); sub AddGroups($$$$); sub ConvertBinary($); sub IsEqual($$); sub Infile($;$); sub AddSetTagsFile($;$); sub DoSetFromFile($$$); sub CleanFilename($); sub SetWindowTitle($); sub ProcessFiles($;$); sub ScanDir($$;$); sub FindFileWindows($$); sub FileNotFound($); sub PreserveTime(); sub AbsPath($); sub MyConvertFileName($$); sub SuggestedExtension($$$); sub LoadPrintFormat($); sub FilenameSPrintf($;$@); sub NextUnusedFilename($;$); sub CreateDirectory($); sub OpenOutputFile($;@); sub AcceptFile($); sub SlurpFile($$); sub FilterArgfileLine($); sub ReadStayOpen($); sub PrintTagList($@); sub PrintErrors($$$); $SIG{INT} = 'SigInt'; # do cleanup on Ctrl-C $SIG{CONT} = 'SigCont'; # (allows break-out of delays) END { Cleanup(); } # declare all static file-scope variables my @commonArgs; # arguments common to all commands my @condition; # conditional processing of files my @csvFiles; # list of files when reading with CSV option (in ExifTool Charset) my @csvTags; # order of tags for first file with CSV option (lower case) my @delFiles; # list of files to delete my @dynamicFiles; # list of -tagsFromFile files with dynamic names and -TAG<=FMT pairs my @efile; # files for writing list of error/fail/same file names my @exclude; # list of excluded tags my (@echo3, @echo4);# stdout and stderr echo after processing is complete my @files; # list of files and directories to scan my @moreArgs; # more arguments to process after -stay_open -@ my @newValues; # list of new tag values to set my @requestTags; # tags to request (for -p or -if option arguments) my @srcFmt; # source file name format strings my @tags; # list of tags to extract my %appended; # list of files appended to my %countLink; # count hard and symbolic links made my %created; # list of files we created my %csvTags; # lookup for all found tags with CSV option (lower case keys) my %database; # lookup for database information based on file name (in ExifTool Charset) my %filterExt; # lookup for filtered extensions my %ignore; # directory names to ignore my $ignoreHidden; # flag to ignore hidden files my %preserveTime; # preserved timestamps for files my %printFmt; # the contents of the print format file my %setTags; # hash of list references for tags to set from files my %setTagsList; # list of other tag lists for multiple -tagsFromFile from the same file my %usedFileName; # lookup for file names we already used in TestName feature my %utf8FileName; # lookup for file names that are UTF-8 encoded my %warnedOnce; # lookup for once-only warnings my %wext; # -W extensions to write my $allGroup; # show group name for all tags my $altEnc; # alternate character encoding if not UTF-8 my $argFormat; # use exiftool argument-format output my $binaryOutput; # flag for binary output (undef or 1, or 0 for binary XML/PHP) my $binaryStdout; # flag set if we output binary to stdout my $binSep; # separator used for list items in binary output my $binTerm; # terminator used for binary output my $comma; # flag set if we need a comma in JSON output my $count; # count of files scanned when reading or deleting originals my $countBad; # count of files with errors my $countBadCr; # count files not created due to errors my $countBadWr; # count write errors my $countCopyWr; # count of files copied without being changed my $countDir; # count of directories scanned my $countFailed; # count files that failed condition my $countGoodCr; # count files created OK my $countGoodWr; # count files written OK my $countNewDir; # count of directories created my $countSameWr; # count files written OK but not changed my $critical; # flag for critical operations (disable CTRL-C) my $csv; # flag for CSV option (set to "CSV", or maybe "JSON" when writing) my $csvAdd; # flag to add CSV information to existing lists my $csvDelim; # delimiter for CSV files my $csvSaveCount; # save counter for last CSV file loaded my $deleteOrig; # 0=restore original files, 1=delete originals, 2=delete w/o asking my $disableOutput; # flag to disable normal output my $doSetFileName; # flag set if FileName may be written my $doUnzip; # flag to extract info from .gz and .bz2 files my ($end,$endDir,%endDir); # flags to end processing my $escapeC; # C-style escape my $escapeHTML; # flag to escape printed values for html my $evalWarning; # warning from eval my $executeID; # -execute ID number my $failCondition; # flag to fail -if condition my $fastCondition; # flag for fast -if condition my $fileHeader; # header to print to output file (or console, once) my $fileTrailer; # trailer for output file my $filtered; # flag indicating file was filtered by name my $filterFlag; # file filter flag (0x01=deny extensions, 0x02=allow extensions, 0x04=add ext) my $fixLen; # flag to fix description lengths when writing alternate languages my $forcePrint; # string to use for missing tag values (undef to not print them) my $helped; # flag to avoid printing help if no tags specified my $html; # flag for html-formatted output (2=html dump) my $interrupted; # flag set if CTRL-C is pressed during a critical process my $isBinary; # true if value is a SCALAR ref my $isWriting; # flag set if we are writing tags my $joinLists; # flag set to join list values into a single string my $json; # flag for JSON/PHP output format (1=JSON, 2=PHP) my $langOpt; # language option my $listDir; # treat a directory as a regular file my $listItem; # item number for extracting single item from a list my $listSep; # list item separator (', ' by default) my $mt; # main ExifTool object my $multiFile; # non-zero if we are scanning multiple files my $noBinary; # flag set to ignore binary tags my $outFormat; # -1=Canon format, 0=same-line, 1=tag names, 2=values only my $outOpt; # output file or directory name my $overwriteOrig; # flag to overwrite original file (1=overwrite, 2=in place) my $pause; # pause before returning my $preserveTime; # flag to preserve times of updated files (2=preserve FileCreateDate only) my $progress; # flag to calculate total files to process (0=calculate but don't display) my $progressCount; # count of files processed my $progressMax; # total number of files to process my $progStr; # progress message string my $quiet; # flag to disable printing of informational messages / warnings my $rafStdin; # File::RandomAccess for stdin (if necessary to rewind) my $recurse; # recurse into subdirectories (2=also hidden directories) my $rtnVal; # command return value (0=success) my $rtnValPrev; # previous command return value (0=success) my $saveCount; # count the number of times we will/did call SaveNewValues() my $scanWritable; # flag to process only writable file types my $sectHeader; # current section header for -p option my $sectTrailer; # section trailer for -p option my $seqFileBase; # sequential file number at start of directory my $seqFileNum; # sequential file number used for %C my $setCharset; # character set setting ('default' if not set and -csv -b used) my $showGroup; # number of group to show (may be zero or '') my $showTagID; # non-zero to show tag ID's my $stayOpenBuff='';# buffer for -stay_open file my $stayOpenFile; # name of the current -stay_open argfile my $structOpt; # output structured XMP information (JSON and XML output only) my $tabFormat; # non-zero for tab output format my $tagOut; # flag for separate text output file for each tag my $textOut; # extension for text output file (or undef for no output) my $textOverwrite; # flag to overwrite existing text output file (2=append, 3=over+append) my $tmpFile; # temporary file to delete on exit my $tmpText; # temporary text file my $validFile; # flag indicating we processed a valid file my $verbose; # verbose setting my $vout; # verbose output file reference (\*STDOUT or \*STDERR) my $windowTitle; # title for console window my $xml; # flag for XML-formatted output # flag to keep the input -@ argfile open: # 0 = normal behaviour # 1 = received "-stay_open true" and waiting for argfile to keep open # 2 = currently reading from STAYOPEN argfile # 3 = waiting for -@ to switch to a new STAYOPEN argfile my $stayOpen = 0; my $rtnValApp = 0; # app return value (0=success) my $curTitle = ''; # current window title # lookup for O/S names which may use a backslash as a directory separator # (ref File::Spec of PathTools-3.2701) my %hasBackslash = ( MSWin32 => 1, os2 => 1, dos => 1, NetWare => 1, symbian => 1, cygwin => 1 ); # lookup for O/S names which use CR/LF newlines my $isCRLF = { MSWin32 => 1, os2 => 1, dos => 1 }->{$^O}; # lookup for JSON characters that we escape specially my %jsonChar = ( '"'=>'"', '\\'=>'\\', "\t"=>'t', "\n"=>'n', "\r"=>'r' ); # lookup for C-style escape sequences my %escC = ( "\n" => '\n', "\r" => '\r', "\t" => '\t', '\\' => '\\\\'); my %unescC = ( a => "\a", b => "\b", f => "\f", n => "\n", r => "\r", t => "\t", 0 => "\0", '\\' => '\\' ); # options requiring additional arguments # (used only to skip over these arguments when reading -stay_open ARGFILE) # (arg is converted to lower case then tested again unless an entry was found with the same case) my %optArgs = ( '-tagsfromfile' => 1, '-addtagsfromfile' => 1, '-alltagsfromfile' => 1, '-@' => 1, '-api' => 1, '-c' => 1, '-coordformat' => 1, '-charset' => 0, # (optional arg; OK because arg cannot begin with "-") '-config' => 1, '-csvdelim' => 1, '-d' => 1, '-dateformat' => 1, '-D' => 0, # necessary to avoid matching lower-case equivalent '-echo' => 1, '-echo1' => 1, '-echo2' => 1, '-echo3' => 1, '-echo4' => 1, '-efile' => 1, '-efile1' => 1, '-efile2' => 1, '-efile3' => 1, '-efile4' => 1, '-efile!' => 1, '-efile1!' => 1, '-efile2!' => 1, '-efile3!' => 1, '-efile4!' => 1, '-ext' => 1, '--ext' => 1, '-ext+' => 1, '--ext+' => 1, '-extension' => 1, '--extension' => 1, '-extension+' => 1, '--extension+' => 1, '-fileorder' => 1, '-fileorder0' => 1, '-fileorder1' => 1, '-fileorder2' => 1, '-fileorder3' => 1, '-fileorder4' => 1, '-fileorder5' => 1, '-geotag' => 1, '-globaltimeshift' => 1, '-i' => 1, '-ignore' => 1, '-if' => 1, '-if0' => 1, '-if1' => 1, '-if2' => 1, '-if3' => 1, '-if4' => 1, '-if5' => 1, '-lang' => 0, # (optional arg; cannot begin with "-") '-listitem' => 1, '-o' => 1, '-out' => 1, '-p' => 1, '-printformat' => 1, '-P' => 0, '-password' => 1, '-require' => 1, '-sep' => 1, '-separator' => 1, '-srcfile' => 1, '-stay_open' => 1, '-use' => 1, '-userparam' => 1, '-w' => 1, '-w!' => 1, '-w+' => 1, '-w+!' => 1, '-w!+' => 1, '-textout' => 1, '-textout!' => 1, '-textout+' => 1, '-textout+!' => 1, '-textout!+' => 1, '-tagout' => 1, '-tagout!' => 1, '-tagout+' => 1, '-tagout+!' => 1, '-tagout!+' => 1, '-wext' => 1, '-wm' => 1, '-writemode' => 1, '-x' => 1, '-exclude' => 1, '-X' => 0, ); # recommended packages and alternatives my @recommends = qw( Archive::Zip Compress::Zlib Digest::MD5 Digest::SHA IO::Compress::Bzip2 POSIX::strptime Time::Local Unicode::LineBreak IO::Compress::RawDeflate IO::Uncompress::RawInflate Win32::API Win32::FindFile Win32API::File ); my %altRecommends = ( 'POSIX::strptime' => 'Time::Piece', # (can use Time::Piece instead of POSIX::strptime) ); my %unescapeChar = ( 't'=>"\t", 'n'=>"\n", 'r'=>"\r" ); # special subroutines used in -if condition sub Image::ExifTool::EndDir() { return $endDir = 1 } sub Image::ExifTool::End() { return $end = 1 } # exit routine sub Exit { if ($pause) { if (eval { require Term::ReadKey }) { print STDERR "-- press any key --"; Term::ReadKey::ReadMode('cbreak'); Term::ReadKey::ReadKey(0); Term::ReadKey::ReadMode(0); print STDERR "\b \b" x 20; } else { print STDERR "-- press RETURN --\n"; <STDIN>; } } exit shift; } # my warning and error routines (NEVER say "die"!) sub Warn { if ($quiet < 2 or $_[0] =~ /^Error/) { my $oldWarn = $SIG{'__WARN__'}; delete $SIG{'__WARN__'}; warn(@_); $SIG{'__WARN__'} = $oldWarn if defined $oldWarn; } } sub Error { Warn @_; $rtnVal = 1; } sub WarnOnce($) { Warn(@_) and $warnedOnce{$_[0]} = 1 unless $warnedOnce{$_[0]}; } # define signal handlers and cleanup routine sub SigInt() { $critical and $interrupted = 1, return; Cleanup(); exit 1; } sub SigCont() { } sub Cleanup() { $mt->Unlink($tmpFile) if defined $tmpFile; $mt->Unlink($tmpText) if defined $tmpText; undef $tmpFile; undef $tmpText; PreserveTime() if %preserveTime; SetWindowTitle(''); } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # main script # # isolate arguments common to all commands if (grep /^-common_args$/i, @ARGV) { my (@newArgs, $common); foreach (@ARGV) { if (/^-common_args$/i) { $common = 1; } elsif ($common) { push @commonArgs, $_; } else { push @newArgs, $_; } } @ARGV = @newArgs if $common; } #.............................................................................. # loop over sets of command-line arguments separated by "-execute" Command: for (;;) { if (@echo3) { my $str = join("\n", @echo3) . "\n"; $str =~ s/\$\{status\}/$rtnVal/ig; print STDOUT $str; } if (@echo4) { my $str = join("\n", @echo4) . "\n"; $str =~ s/\$\{status\}/$rtnVal/ig; print STDERR $str; } $rafStdin->Close() if $rafStdin; undef $rafStdin; # save our previous return codes $rtnValPrev = $rtnVal; $rtnValApp = $rtnVal if $rtnVal; # exit Command loop now if we are all done processing commands last unless @ARGV or not defined $rtnVal or $stayOpen >= 2 or @commonArgs; # attempt to restore text mode for STDOUT if necessary if ($binaryStdout) { binmode(STDOUT,':crlf') if $] >= 5.006 and $isCRLF; $binaryStdout = 0; } # flush console and print "{ready}" message if -stay_open is in effect if ($stayOpen >= 2) { if ($quiet and not defined $executeID) { # flush output if possible eval { require IO::Handle } and STDERR->flush(), STDOUT->flush(); } else { eval { require IO::Handle } and STDERR->flush(); my $id = defined $executeID ? $executeID : ''; my $save = $|; $| = 1; # turn on output autoflush for stdout print "{ready$id}\n"; $| = $save; # restore original autoflush setting } } # initialize necessary static file-scope variables # (not done: @commonArgs, @moreArgs, $critical, $binaryStdout, $helped, # $interrupted, $mt, $pause, $rtnValApp, $rtnValPrev, $stayOpen, $stayOpenBuff, $stayOpenFile) undef @condition; undef @csvFiles; undef @csvTags; undef @delFiles; undef @dynamicFiles; undef @echo3; undef @echo4; undef @efile; undef @exclude; undef @files; undef @newValues; undef @srcFmt; undef @tags; undef %appended; undef %countLink; undef %created; undef %csvTags; undef %database; undef %endDir; undef %filterExt; undef %ignore; undef %printFmt; undef %preserveTime; undef %setTags; undef %setTagsList; undef %usedFileName; undef %utf8FileName; undef %warnedOnce; undef %wext; undef $allGroup; undef $altEnc; undef $argFormat; undef $binaryOutput; undef $binSep; undef $binTerm; undef $comma; undef $csv; undef $csvAdd; undef $deleteOrig; undef $disableOutput; undef $doSetFileName; undef $doUnzip; undef $end; undef $endDir; undef $escapeHTML; undef $escapeC; undef $evalWarning; undef $executeID; undef $failCondition; undef $fastCondition; undef $fileHeader; undef $filtered; undef $fixLen; undef $forcePrint; undef $ignoreHidden; undef $joinLists; undef $langOpt; undef $listItem; undef $multiFile; undef $noBinary; undef $outOpt; undef $preserveTime; undef $progress; undef $progressCount; undef $progressMax; undef $recurse; undef $scanWritable; undef $sectHeader; undef $setCharset; undef $showGroup; undef $showTagID; undef $structOpt; undef $tagOut; undef $textOut; undef $textOverwrite; undef $tmpFile; undef $tmpText; undef $validFile; undef $verbose; undef $windowTitle; $count = 0; $countBad = 0; $countBadCr = 0; $countBadWr = 0; $countCopyWr = 0; $countDir = 0; $countFailed = 0; $countGoodCr = 0; $countGoodWr = 0; $countNewDir = 0; $countSameWr = 0; $csvDelim = ','; $csvSaveCount = 0; $fileTrailer = ''; $filterFlag = 0; $html = 0; $isWriting = 0; $json = 0; $listSep = ', '; $outFormat = 0; $overwriteOrig = 0; $progStr = ''; $quiet = 0; $rtnVal = 0; $saveCount = 0; $sectTrailer = ''; $seqFileBase = 0; $seqFileNum = 0; $tabFormat = 0; $vout = \*STDOUT; $xml = 0; # define local variables used only in this command loop my @fileOrder; # tags to use for ordering of input files my $fileOrderFast; # -fast level for -fileOrder option my $addGeotime; # automatically added geotime argument my $doGlob; # flag set to do filename wildcard expansion my $endOfOpts; # flag set if "--" option encountered my $escapeXML; # flag to escape printed values for xml my $setTagsFile; # filename for last TagsFromFile option my $sortOpt; # sort option is used my $srcStdin; # one of the source files is STDIN my $useMWG; # flag set if we are using any MWG tag my ($argsLeft, @nextPass, $badCmd); my $pass = 0; # for Windows, use globbing for wildcard expansion if available - MK/20061010 if ($^O eq 'MSWin32' and eval { require File::Glob }) { # override the core glob forcing case insensitivity import File::Glob qw(:globally :nocase); $doGlob = 1; } $mt = new Image::ExifTool; # create ExifTool object # don't extract duplicates by default unless set by UserDefined::Options $mt->Options(Duplicates => 0) unless %Image::ExifTool::UserDefined::Options and defined $Image::ExifTool::UserDefined::Options{Duplicates}; # default is to join lists if the List option was set to zero in the config file $joinLists = 1 if defined $mt->Options('List') and not $mt->Options('List'); # preserve FileCreateDate if possible if (not $preserveTime and $^O eq 'MSWin32') { $preserveTime = 2 if eval { require Win32::API } and eval { require Win32API::File }; } # parse command-line options in 2 passes... # pass 1: set all of our ExifTool options # pass 2: print all of our help and informational output (-list, -ver, etc) for (;;) { # execute the command now if no more arguments or -execute is used if (not @ARGV or ($ARGV[0] =~ /^(-|\xe2\x88\x92)execute(\d+)?$/i and not $endOfOpts)) { if (@ARGV) { $executeID = $2; # save -execute number for "{ready}" response $helped = 1; # don't show help if we used -execute $badCmd and shift, $rtnVal=1, next Command; } elsif ($stayOpen >= 2) { ReadStayOpen(\@ARGV); # read more arguments from -stay_open file next; } elsif ($badCmd) { undef @commonArgs; # all done. Flush common arguments $rtnVal = 1; next Command; } if ($pass == 0) { # insert common arguments now if not done already if (@commonArgs and not defined $argsLeft) { # count the number of arguments remaining for subsequent commands $argsLeft = scalar(@ARGV) + scalar(@moreArgs); unshift @ARGV, @commonArgs; # all done with commonArgs if this is the end of the command undef @commonArgs unless $argsLeft; next; } # check if we have more arguments now than we did before we processed # the common arguments. If so, then we have an infinite processing loop if (defined $argsLeft and $argsLeft < scalar(@ARGV) + scalar(@moreArgs)) { Warn "Ignoring -common_args from $ARGV[0] onwards to avoid infinite recursion\n"; while ($argsLeft < scalar(@ARGV) + scalar(@moreArgs)) { @ARGV and shift(@ARGV), next; shift @moreArgs; } } # require MWG module if used in any argument # (note: doesn't cover the -p option because these tags will be parsed on the 2nd pass) $useMWG = 1 if not $useMWG and grep /^mwg:/i, @tags, @requestTags; if ($useMWG) { require Image::ExifTool::MWG; Image::ExifTool::MWG::Load(); } # update necessary variables for 2nd pass if (defined $forcePrint) { unless (defined $mt->Options('MissingTagValue')) { $mt->Options(MissingTagValue => '-'); } $forcePrint = $mt->Options('MissingTagValue'); } } if (@nextPass) { # process arguments which were deferred to the next pass unshift @ARGV, @nextPass; undef @nextPass; undef $endOfOpts; ++$pass; next; } @ARGV and shift; # remove -execute from argument list last; # process the command now } $_ = shift; next if $badCmd; # flush remaining arguments if aborting this command # allow funny dashes (nroff dash bug for cut-n-paste from pod) if (not $endOfOpts and s/^(-|\xe2\x88\x92)//) { s/^\xe2\x88\x92/-/; # translate double-dash too if ($_ eq '-') { $pass or push @nextPass, '--'; $endOfOpts = 1; next; } my $a = lc $_; if (/^list([wfrdx]|wf|g(\d*))?$/i) { $pass or push @nextPass, "-$_"; my $type = lc($1 || ''); if (not $type or $type eq 'w' or $type eq 'x') { my $group; if ($ARGV[0] and $ARGV[0] =~ /^(-|\xe2\x88\x92)(.+):(all|\*)$/i) { if ($pass == 0) { $useMWG = 1 if lc($2) eq 'mwg'; push @nextPass, shift; next; } $group = $2; shift; $group =~ /IFD/i and Warn("Can't list tags for specific IFD\n"), next; $group =~ /^(all|\*)$/ and undef $group; } else { $pass or next; } $helped = 1; if ($type eq 'x') { require Image::ExifTool::TagInfoXML; my %opts; $opts{Flags} = 1 if defined $forcePrint; $opts{NoDesc} = 1 if $outFormat > 0; $opts{Lang} = $langOpt; Image::ExifTool::TagInfoXML::Write(undef, $group, %opts); next; } my $wr = ($type eq 'w'); my $msg = ($wr ? 'Writable' : 'Available') . ($group ? " $group" : '') . ' tags'; PrintTagList($msg, $wr ? GetWritableTags($group) : GetAllTags($group)); # also print shortcuts if listing all tags next if $group or $wr; my @tagList = GetShortcuts(); PrintTagList('Command-line shortcuts', @tagList) if @tagList; next; } $pass or next; $helped = 1; if ($type eq 'wf') { my @wf; CanWrite($_) and push @wf, $_ foreach GetFileType(); PrintTagList('Writable file extensions', @wf); } elsif ($type eq 'f') { PrintTagList('Supported file extensions', GetFileType()); } elsif ($type eq 'r') { PrintTagList('Recognized file extensions', GetFileType(undef, 0)); } elsif ($type eq 'd') { PrintTagList('Deletable groups', GetDeleteGroups()); } else { # 'g(\d*)' # list all groups in specified family my $family = $2 || 0; PrintTagList("Groups in family $family", $mt->GetAllGroups($family)); } next; } if ($a eq 'ver') { $pass or push(@nextPass,'-ver'), next; my $libVer = $Image::ExifTool::VERSION; my $str = $libVer eq $version ? '' : " [Warning: Library version is $libVer]"; if ($verbose) { print "ExifTool version $version$str$Image::ExifTool::RELEASE\n"; printf "Perl version %s%s\n", $], (defined ${^UNICODE} ? " (-C${^UNICODE})" : ''); print "Platform: $^O\n"; print "Optional libraries:\n"; foreach (@recommends) { next if /^Win32/ and $^O ne 'MSWin32'; my $ver = eval "require $_ and \$${_}::VERSION"; my $alt = $altRecommends{$_}; # check for alternative if primary not available $ver = eval "require $alt and \$${alt}::VERSION" and $_ = $alt if not $ver and $alt; printf " %-28s %s\n", $_, $ver || '(not installed)'; } if ($verbose > 1) { print "Include directories:\n"; print " $_\n" foreach @INC; } } else { print "$version$str$Image::ExifTool::RELEASE\n"; } $helped = 1; next; } if (/^(all|add)?tagsfromfile(=.*)?$/i) { $setTagsFile = $2 ? substr($2,1) : (@ARGV ? shift : ''); if ($setTagsFile eq '') { Error("File must be specified for -tagsFromFile option\n"); $badCmd = 1; next; } # create necessary lists, etc for this new -tagsFromFile file AddSetTagsFile($setTagsFile, { Replace => ($1 and lc($1) eq 'add') ? 0 : 1 } ); next; } if ($a eq '@') { my $argFile = shift or Error("Expecting filename for -\@ option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; # switch to new ARGFILE if using chained -stay_open options if ($stayOpen == 1) { # defer remaining arguments until we close this argfile @moreArgs = @ARGV; undef @ARGV; } elsif ($stayOpen == 3) { if ($stayOpenFile and $stayOpenFile ne '-' and $argFile eq $stayOpenFile) { # don't allow user to switch to the same -stay_open argfile # because it will result in endless recursion $stayOpen = 2; Warn "Ignoring request to switch to the same -stay_open ARGFILE ($argFile)\n"; next; } close STAYOPEN; $stayOpen = 1; # switch to this -stay_open file } my $fp = ($stayOpen == 1 ? \*STAYOPEN : \*ARGFILE); unless ($mt->Open($fp, $argFile)) { unless ($argFile !~ /^\// and $mt->Open($fp, "$Image::ExifTool::exeDir/$argFile")) { Error "Error opening arg file $argFile\n"; $badCmd = 1; next } } if ($stayOpen == 1) { $stayOpenFile = $argFile; # remember the name of the file we have open $stayOpenBuff = ''; # initialize buffer for reading this file $stayOpen = 2; $helped = 1; ReadStayOpen(\@ARGV); next; } my (@newArgs, $didBOM); foreach (<ARGFILE>) { # filter Byte Order Mark if it exists from start of UTF-8 text file unless ($didBOM) { s/^\xef\xbb\xbf//; $didBOM = 1; } $_ = FilterArgfileLine($_); push @newArgs, $_ if defined $_; } close ARGFILE; unshift @ARGV, @newArgs; next; } /^(-?)(a|duplicates)$/i and $mt->Options(Duplicates => ($1 ? 0 : 1)), next; if ($a eq 'api') { my $opt = shift; defined $opt or Error("Expected OPT[=VAL] argument for -api option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; my $val = ($opt =~ s/=(.*)//s) ? $1 : 1; # empty string means an undefined value unless ^= is used $val = undef unless $opt =~ s/\^$// or length $val; $mt->Options($opt => $val); next; } /^arg(s|format)$/i and $argFormat = 1, next; if (/^(-?)b(inary)?$/i) { ($binaryOutput, $noBinary) = $1 ? (undef, 1) : (1, undef); $mt->Options(Binary => $binaryOutput, NoPDFList => $binaryOutput); next; } if (/^c(oordFormat)?$/i) { my $fmt = shift; $fmt or Error("Expecting coordinate format for -c option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; $mt->Options('CoordFormat', $fmt); next; } if ($a eq 'charset') { my $charset = (@ARGV and $ARGV[0] !~ /^(-|\xe2\x88\x92)/) ? shift : undef; if (not $charset) { $pass or push(@nextPass, '-charset'), next; my %charsets; $charsets{$_} = 1 foreach values %Image::ExifTool::charsetName; PrintTagList('Available character sets', sort keys %charsets); $helped = 1; } elsif ($charset !~ s/^(\w+)=// or lc($1) eq 'exiftool') { { local $SIG{'__WARN__'} = sub { $evalWarning = $_[0] }; undef $evalWarning; $mt->Options(Charset => $charset); } if ($evalWarning) { warn $evalWarning; } else { $setCharset = $mt->Options('Charset'); } } else { # set internal encoding of specified metadata type my $type = { id3 => 'ID3', iptc => 'IPTC', exif => 'EXIF', filename => 'FileName', photoshop => 'Photoshop', quicktime => 'QuickTime', riff=>'RIFF' }->{lc $1}; $type or Warn("Unknown type for -charset option: $1\n"), next; $mt->Options("Charset$type" => $charset); } next; } /^config$/i and Warn("Ignored -config option (not first on command line)\n"), shift, next; if (/^csv(\+?=.*)?$/i) { my $csvFile = $1; # must process on 2nd pass so -f and -charset options are available unless ($pass) { push @nextPass, "-$_"; if ($csvFile) { push @newValues, { SaveCount => ++$saveCount }; # marker to save new values now $csvSaveCount = $saveCount; } next; } if ($csvFile) { $csvFile =~ s/^(\+?=)//; $csvAdd = 2 if $1 eq '+='; $vout = \*STDERR if $srcStdin; $verbose and print $vout "Reading CSV file $csvFile\n"; my $msg; if ($mt->Open(\*CSVFILE, $csvFile)) { binmode CSVFILE; require Image::ExifTool::Import; $msg = Image::ExifTool::Import::ReadCSV(\*CSVFILE, \%database, $forcePrint, $csvDelim); close(CSVFILE); } else { $msg = "Error opening CSV file '${csvFile}'"; } $msg and Warn("$msg\n"); $isWriting = 1; } $csv = 'CSV'; next; } if (/^csvdelim$/i) { $csvDelim = shift; defined $csvDelim or Error("Expecting argument for -csvDelim option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; $csvDelim =~ /"/ and Error("CSV delimiter can not contain a double quote\n"), $badCmd=1, next; my %unescape = ( 't'=>"\t", 'n'=>"\n", 'r'=>"\r", '\\' => '\\' ); $csvDelim =~ s/\\(.)/$unescape{$1}||"\\$1"/sge; $mt->Options(CSVDelim => $csvDelim); next; } if (/^d$/ or $a eq 'dateformat') { my $fmt = shift; $fmt or Error("Expecting date format for -d option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; $mt->Options('DateFormat', $fmt); next; } (/^D$/ or $a eq 'decimal') and $showTagID = 'D', next; /^delete_original(!?)$/i and $deleteOrig = ($1 ? 2 : 1), next; /^list_dir$/i and $listDir = 1, next; (/^e$/ or $a eq '-composite') and $mt->Options(Composite => 0), next; (/^-e$/ or $a eq 'composite') and $mt->Options(Composite => 1), next; (/^E$/ or $a eq 'escapehtml') and require Image::ExifTool::HTML and $escapeHTML = 1, next; ($a eq 'ec' or $a eq 'escapec') and $escapeC = 1, next; ($a eq 'ex' or $a eq 'escapexml') and $escapeXML = 1, next; if (/^echo(\d)?$/i) { my $n = $1 || 1; my $arg = shift; next unless defined $arg; $n > 4 and Warn("Invalid -echo number\n"), next; if ($n > 2) { $n == 3 ? push(@echo3, $arg) : push(@echo4, $arg); } else { print {$n==2 ? \*STDERR : \*STDOUT} $arg, "\n"; } $helped = 1; next; } if (/^(ee|extractembedded)(\d*)$/i) { $mt->Options(ExtractEmbedded => $2 || 1); $mt->Options(Duplicates => 1); next; } if (/^efile(\d)?(!)?$/i) { my $arg = shift; defined $arg or Error("Expecting file name for -$_ option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; $efile[0] = $arg if not $1 or $1 & 0x01; $efile[1] = $arg if $1 and $1 & 0x02; $efile[2] = $arg if $1 and $1 & 0x04; unlink $arg if $2; next; } # (-execute handled at top of loop) if (/^-?ext(ension)?(\+)?$/i) { my $ext = shift; defined $ext or Error("Expecting extension for -ext option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; my $flag = /^-/ ? 0 : ($2 ? 2 : 1); $filterFlag |= (0x01 << $flag); $ext =~ s/^\.//; # remove leading '.' if it exists $filterExt{uc($ext)} = $flag ? 1 : 0; next; } if (/^f$/ or $a eq 'forceprint') { $forcePrint = 1; next; } if (/^F([-+]?\d*)$/ or /^fixbase([-+]?\d*)$/i) { $mt->Options(FixBase => $1); next; } if (/^fast(\d*)$/i) { $mt->Options(FastScan => (length $1 ? $1 : 1)); next; } if (/^fileorder(\d*)$/i) { push @fileOrder, shift if @ARGV; my $num = $1 || 0; $fileOrderFast = $num if not defined $fileOrderFast or $fileOrderFast > $num; next; } $a eq 'globaltimeshift' and $mt->Options(GlobalTimeShift => shift), next; if (/^(g)(roupHeadings|roupNames)?([\d:]*)$/i) { $showGroup = $3 || 0; $allGroup = ($2 ? lc($2) eq 'roupnames' : $1 eq 'G'); $mt->Options(SavePath => 1) if $showGroup =~ /\b5\b/; $mt->Options(SaveFormat => 1) if $showGroup =~ /\b6\b/; next; } if ($a eq 'geotag') { my $trkfile = shift; unless ($pass) { # defer to next pass so the filename charset is available push @nextPass, '-geotag', $trkfile; next; } $trkfile or Error("Expecting file name for -geotag option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; # allow wildcards in filename if ($trkfile =~ /[*?]/) { # CORE::glob() splits on white space, so use File::Glob if possible my @trks; if ($^O eq 'MSWin32' and eval { require Win32::FindFile }) { # ("-charset filename=UTF8" must be set for this to work with Unicode file names) @trks = FindFileWindows($mt, $trkfile); } elsif (eval { require File::Glob }) { @trks = File::Glob::bsd_glob($trkfile); } else { @trks = glob($trkfile); } @trks or Error("No matching file found for -geotag option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; push @newValues, 'geotag='.shift(@trks) while @trks > 1; $trkfile = pop(@trks); } $_ = "geotag=$trkfile"; # (fall through!) } if (/^h$/ or $a eq 'htmlformat') { require Image::ExifTool::HTML; $html = $escapeHTML = 1; $json = $xml = 0; next; } (/^H$/ or $a eq 'hex') and $showTagID = 'H', next; if (/^htmldump([-+]?\d+)?$/i) { $verbose = ($verbose || 0) + 1; $html = 2; $mt->Options(HtmlDumpBase => $1) if defined $1; next; } if (/^i(gnore)?$/i) { my $dir = shift; defined $dir or Error("Expecting directory name for -i option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; $ignore{$dir} = 1; $dir eq 'HIDDEN' and $ignoreHidden = 1; next; } if (/^if(\d*)$/i) { my $cond = shift; $fastCondition = $1 if length $1; defined $cond or Error("Expecting expression for -if option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; # prevent processing file unnecessarily for simple case of failed '$ok' or 'not $ok' $cond =~ /^\s*(not\s*)\$ok\s*$/i and ($1 xor $rtnValPrev) and $failCondition=1; # add to list of requested tags push @requestTags, $cond =~ /\$\{?((?:[-\w]+:)*[-\w?*]+)/g; push @condition, $cond; next; } if (/^j(son)?(\+?=.*)?$/i) { if ($2) { # must process on 2nd pass because we need -f and -charset options unless ($pass) { push @nextPass, "-$_"; push @newValues, { SaveCount => ++$saveCount }; # marker to save new values now $csvSaveCount = $saveCount; next; } my $jsonFile = $2; $jsonFile =~ s/^(\+?=)//; $csvAdd = 2 if $1 eq '+='; $vout = \*STDERR if $srcStdin; $verbose and print $vout "Reading JSON file $jsonFile\n"; my $chset = $mt->Options('Charset'); my $msg; if ($mt->Open(\*JSONFILE, $jsonFile)) { binmode JSONFILE; require Image::ExifTool::Import; $msg = Image::ExifTool::Import::ReadJSON(\*JSONFILE, \%database, $forcePrint, $chset); close(JSONFILE); } else { $msg = "Error opening JSON file '${jsonFile}'"; } $msg and Warn("$msg\n"); $isWriting = 1; $csv = 'JSON'; } else { $json = 1; $html = $xml = 0; $mt->Options(Duplicates => 1); require Image::ExifTool::XMP; # for FixUTF8() } next; } /^(k|pause)$/i and $pause = 1, next; (/^l$/ or $a eq 'long') and --$outFormat, next; (/^L$/ or $a eq 'latin') and $mt->Options(Charset => 'Latin'), next; if ($a eq 'lang') { $langOpt = (@ARGV and $ARGV[0] !~ /^(-|\xe2\x88\x92)/) ? shift : undef; if ($langOpt) { # make lower case and use underline as a separator (eg. 'en_ca') $langOpt =~ tr/-A-Z/_a-z/; $mt->Options(Lang => $langOpt); next if $langOpt eq $mt->Options('Lang'); } else { $pass or push(@nextPass, '-lang'), next; } my $langs = "Available languages:\n"; $langs .= " $_ - $Image::ExifTool::langName{$_}\n" foreach @Image::ExifTool::langs; $langs =~ tr/_/-/; # display dashes instead of underlines in language codes $langs = Image::ExifTool::HTML::EscapeHTML($langs) if $escapeHTML; $langs = $mt->Decode($langs, 'UTF8'); $langOpt and Error("Invalid or unsupported language '${langOpt}'.\n$langs"), $badCmd=1, next; print $langs; $helped = 1; next; } if ($a eq 'listitem') { my $li = shift; defined $li and Image::ExifTool::IsInt($li) or Warn("Expecting integer for -listItem option\n"), next; $mt->Options(ListItem => $li); $listItem = $li; next; } /^(m|ignoreminorerrors)$/i and $mt->Options(IgnoreMinorErrors => 1), next; /^(n|-printconv)$/i and $mt->Options(PrintConv => 0), next; /^(-n|printconv)$/i and $mt->Options(PrintConv => 1), next; $a eq 'nop' and $helped=1, next; # (undocumented) no operation, added in 11.25 if (/^o(ut)?$/i) { $outOpt = shift; defined $outOpt or Error("Expected output file or directory name for -o option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; CleanFilename($outOpt); # verbose messages go to STDERR of output is to console $vout = \*STDERR if $vout =~ /^-(\.\w+)?$/; next; } /^overwrite_original$/i and $overwriteOrig = 1, next; /^overwrite_original_in_place$/i and $overwriteOrig = 2, next; if (/^p$/ or $a eq 'printformat') { my $fmt = shift; if ($pass) { LoadPrintFormat($fmt); # load MWG module now if necessary if (not $useMWG and grep /^mwg:/i, @requestTags) { $useMWG = 1; require Image::ExifTool::MWG; Image::ExifTool::MWG::Load(); } } else { # defer to next pass so the filename charset is available push @nextPass, '-p', $fmt; } next; } (/^P$/ or $a eq 'preserve') and $preserveTime = 1, next; /^password$/i and $mt->Options(Password => shift), next; if (/^progress(:.*)?$/i) { if ($1) { $windowTitle = substr $1, 1; $windowTitle = 'ExifTool %p%%' unless length $windowTitle; $windowTitle =~ /%\d*[bpr]/ and $progress = 0 unless defined $progress; } else { $progress = 1; $verbose = 0 unless defined $verbose; } $progressCount = 0; next; } /^q(uiet)?$/i and ++$quiet, next; /^r(ecurse)?(\.?)$/i and $recurse = ($2 ? 2 : 1), next; if ($a eq 'require') { # (undocumented) added in version 8.65 my $ver = shift; unless (defined $ver and Image::ExifTool::IsFloat($ver)) { Error("Expecting version number for -require option\n"); $badCmd = 1; next; } unless ($Image::ExifTool::VERSION >= $ver) { Error("Requires ExifTool version $ver or later\n"); $badCmd = 1; } next; } /^restore_original$/i and $deleteOrig = 0, next; (/^S$/ or $a eq 'veryshort') and $outFormat+=2, next; /^s(hort)?(\d*)$/i and $outFormat = $2 eq '' ? $outFormat + 1 : $2, next; /^scanforxmp$/i and $mt->Options(ScanForXMP => 1), next; if (/^sep(arator)?$/i) { my $sep = $listSep = shift; defined $listSep or Error("Expecting list item separator for -sep option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; $sep =~ s/\\(.)/$unescapeChar{$1}||$1/sge; # translate escape sequences (defined $binSep ? $binTerm : $binSep) = $sep; $mt->Options(ListSep => $listSep); $joinLists = 1; # also split when writing values my $listSplit = quotemeta $listSep; # a space in the string matches zero or more whitespace characters $listSplit =~ s/(\\ )+/\\s\*/g; # but a single space alone matches one or more whitespace characters $listSplit = '\\s+' if $listSplit eq '\\s*'; $mt->Options(ListSplit => $listSplit); next; } /^(-)?sort$/i and $sortOpt = $1 ? 0 : 1, next; if ($a eq 'srcfile') { @ARGV or Warn("Expecting FMT for -srcfile option\n"), next; push @srcFmt, shift; next; } if ($a eq 'stay_open') { my $arg = shift; defined $arg or Warn("Expecting argument for -stay_open option\n"), next; if ($arg =~ /^(1|true)$/i) { if (not $stayOpen) { $stayOpen = 1; } elsif ($stayOpen == 2) { $stayOpen = 3; # chained -stay_open options } else { Warn "-stay_open already active\n"; } } elsif ($arg =~ /^(0|false)$/i) { if ($stayOpen >= 2) { # close -stay_open argfile and process arguments up to this point close STAYOPEN; push @ARGV, @moreArgs; undef @moreArgs; } elsif (not $stayOpen) { Warn("-stay_open wasn't active\n"); } $stayOpen = 0; } else { Warn "Invalid argument for -stay_open\n"; } next; } if (/^(-)?struct$/i) { $mt->Options(Struct => $1 ? 0 : 1); next; } /^t(ab)?$/ and $tabFormat = 1, next; if (/^T$/ or $a eq 'table') { $tabFormat = $forcePrint = 1; $outFormat+=2; ++$quiet; next; } if (/^(u)(nknown(2)?)?$/i) { my $inc = ($3 or (not $2 and $1 eq 'U')) ? 2 : 1; $mt->Options(Unknown => $mt->Options('Unknown') + $inc); next; } if ($a eq 'use') { my $module = shift; $module or Error("Expecting module name for -use option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; lc $module eq 'mwg' and $useMWG = 1, next; $module =~ /[^\w:]/ and Error("Invalid module name: $module\n"), $badCmd=1, next; local $SIG{'__WARN__'} = sub { $evalWarning = $_[0] }; unless (eval "require Image::ExifTool::$module" or eval "require $module" or eval "require '${module}'") { Error("Error using module $module\n"); $badCmd = 1; } next; } if ($a eq 'userparam') { my $opt = shift; defined $opt or Error("Expected parameter for -userParam option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; $opt =~ /=/ or $opt .= '=1'; $mt->Options(UserParam => $opt); next; } if (/^v(erbose)?(\d*)$/i) { $verbose = ($2 eq '') ? ($verbose || 0) + 1 : $2; next; } if (/^(w|textout|tagout)([!+]*)$/i) { $textOut = shift || Warn("Expecting output extension for -$_ option\n"); my ($t1, $t2) = ($1, $2); $textOverwrite = 0; $textOverwrite += 1 if $t2 =~ /!/; # overwrite $textOverwrite += 2 if $t2 =~ /\+/; # append if ($t1 ne 'W' and lc($t1) ne 'tagout') { undef $tagOut; } elsif ($textOverwrite >= 2 and $textOut !~ /%[-+]?\d*[.:]?\d*[lu]?[tgso]/) { $tagOut = 0; # append tags to one file } else { $tagOut = 1; # separate file for each tag } next; } if (/^(-?)(wext|tagoutext)$/i) { my $ext = shift; defined $ext or Error("Expecting extension for -wext option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; my $flag = 1; $1 and $wext{'*'} = 1, $flag = -1; $ext =~ s/^\.//; $wext{lc $ext} = $flag; next; } if ($a eq 'wm' or $a eq 'writemode') { my $wm = shift; defined $wm or Error("Expecting argument for -$_ option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; $wm =~ /^[wcg]*$/i or Error("Invalid argument for -$_ option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; $mt->Options(WriteMode => $wm); next; } if (/^x$/ or $a eq 'exclude') { my $tag = shift; defined $tag or Error("Expecting tag name for -x option\n"), $badCmd=1, next; $tag =~ s/\ball\b/\*/ig; # replace 'all' with '*' in tag names if ($setTagsFile) { push @{$setTags{$setTagsFile}}, "-$tag"; } else { push @exclude, $tag; } next; } (/^X$/ or $a eq 'xmlformat') and $xml = 1, $html = $json = 0, $mt->Options(Duplicates => 1), next; if (/^php$/i) { $json = 2; $html = $xml = 0; $mt->Options(Duplicates => 1); next; } if (/^z(ip)?$/i) { $doUnzip = 1; $mt->Options(Compress => 1, XMPShorthand => 1); $mt->Options(Compact => 1) unless $mt->Options('Compact'); next; } $_ eq '' and push(@files, '-'), $srcStdin = 1, next; # read STDIN length $_ eq 1 and $_ ne '*' and Error("Unknown option -$_\n"), $badCmd=1, next; if (/^[^<]+(<?)=(.*)/s) { my $val = $2; if ($1 and length($val) and ($val eq '@' or not defined FilenameSPrintf($val))) { # save count of new values before a dynamic value push @newValues, { SaveCount => ++$saveCount }; } push @newValues, $_; if (/^mwg:/i) { $useMWG = 1; } elsif (/^([-\w]+:)*(filename|directory|testname)\b/i) { $doSetFileName = 1; } elsif (/^([-\w]+:)*(geotag|geotime|geosync)\b/i) { if (lc $2 eq 'geotime') { $addGeotime = ''; } else { # add geotag/geosync commands first unshift @newValues, pop @newValues; if (lc $2 eq 'geotag' and (not defined $addGeotime or $addGeotime) and length $val) { $addGeotime = ($1 || '') . 'Geotime<DateTimeOriginal#'; } } } } else { # assume '-tagsFromFile @' if tags are being redirected # and -tagsFromFile hasn't already been specified AddSetTagsFile($setTagsFile = '@') if not $setTagsFile and /(<|>)/; if ($setTagsFile) { push @{$setTags{$setTagsFile}}, $_; if (/>/) { $useMWG = 1 if /^(.*>\s*)?mwg:/si; if (/\b(filename|directory|testname)#?$/i) { $doSetFileName = 1; } elsif (/\bgeotime#?$/i) { $addGeotime = ''; } } else { $useMWG = 1 if /^([^<]+<\s*(.*\$\{?)?)?mwg:/si; if (/^([-\w]+:)*(filename|directory|testname)\b/i) { $doSetFileName = 1; } elsif (/^([-\w]+:)*geotime\b/i) { $addGeotime = ''; } } } else { my $lst = s/^-// ? \@exclude : \@tags; unless (/^([-\w*]+:)*([-\w*?]+)#?$/) { Warn(qq(Invalid TAG name: "$_"\n)); } push @$lst, $_; # (push everything for backward compatibility) } } } else { unless ($pass) { # defer to next pass so the filename charset is available push @nextPass, $_; next; } if ($doGlob and /[*?]/) { if ($^O eq 'MSWin32' and eval { require Win32::FindFile }) { push @files, FindFileWindows($mt, $_); } else { # glob each filespec if necessary - MK/20061010 push @files, File::Glob::bsd_glob($_); } $doGlob = 2; } else { push @files, $_; $srcStdin = 1 if $_ eq '-'; } } } # set "OK" UserParam based on result of last command $mt->Options(UserParam => 'OK=' . (not $rtnValPrev)); # set verbose output to STDERR if output could be to console $vout = \*STDERR if $srcStdin and ($isWriting or @newValues); $mt->Options(TextOut => $vout) if $vout eq \*STDERR; # change default EXIF string encoding if MWG used if ($useMWG and not defined $mt->Options('CharsetEXIF')) { $mt->Options(CharsetEXIF => 'UTF8'); } # print help unless ((@tags and not $outOpt) or @files or @newValues) { if ($doGlob and $doGlob == 2) { Warn "No matching files\n"; $rtnVal = 1; next; } if ($outOpt) { Warn "Nothing to write\n"; $rtnVal = 1; next; } unless ($helped) { # catch warnings if we have problems running perldoc local $SIG{'__WARN__'} = sub { $evalWarning = $_[0] }; my $dummy = \*SAVEERR; # avoid "used only once" warning unless ($^O eq 'os2') { open SAVEERR, ">&STDERR"; open STDERR, '>/dev/null'; } if (system('perldoc',$0)) { print "Syntax: exiftool [OPTIONS] FILE\n\n"; print "Consult the exiftool documentation for a full list of options.\n"; } unless ($^O eq 'os2') { close STDERR; open STDERR, '>&SAVEERR'; } } next; } # do sanity check on -delete_original and -restore_original if (defined $deleteOrig and (@newValues or @tags)) { if (not @newValues) { my $verb = $deleteOrig ? 'deleting' : 'restoring from'; Warn "Can't specify tags when $verb originals\n"; } elsif ($deleteOrig) { Warn "Can't use -delete_original when writing.\n"; Warn "Maybe you meant -overwrite_original ?\n"; } else { Warn "It makes no sense to use -restore_original when writing\n"; } $rtnVal = 1; next; } if ($overwriteOrig > 1 and $outOpt) { Warn "Can't overwrite in place when -o option is used\n"; $rtnVal = 1; next; } if ($tagOut and ($csv or %printFmt or $tabFormat or $xml or ($verbose and $html))) { Warn "Sorry, -W may not be combined with -csv, -htmlDump, -j, -p, -t or -X\n"; $rtnVal = 1; next; } if ($csv and $csv eq 'CSV' and not $isWriting) { if ($textOut) { Warn "Sorry, -w may not be combined with -csv\n"; $rtnVal = 1; next; } if ($binaryOutput) { $binaryOutput = 0; $setCharset = 'default' unless defined $setCharset; } require Image::ExifTool::XMP if $setCharset; } if ($escapeHTML or $json) { # must be UTF8 for HTML conversion and JSON output $mt->Options(Charset => 'UTF8') if $json; # use Escape option to do our HTML escaping unless XML output $mt->Options(Escape => 'HTML') if $escapeHTML and not $xml; } elsif ($escapeXML and not $xml) { $mt->Options(Escape => 'XML'); } # set sort option if ($sortOpt) { # (note that -csv sorts alphabetically by default anyway if more than 1 file) my $sort = ($outFormat > 0 or $xml or $json or $csv) ? 'Tag' : 'Descr'; $mt->Options(Sort => $sort, Sort2 => $sort); } # set $structOpt in case set by API option if ($mt->Options('Struct') and not $structOpt) { $structOpt = $mt->Options('Struct'); require 'Image/ExifTool/XMPStruct.pl'; } # set up for RDF/XML, JSON and PHP output formats if ($xml) { require Image::ExifTool::XMP; # for EscapeXML() my $charset = $mt->Options('Charset'); # standard XML encoding names for supported Charset settings # (ref http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets) my %encoding = ( UTF8 => 'UTF-8', Latin => 'windows-1252', Latin2 => 'windows-1250', Cyrillic => 'windows-1251', Greek => 'windows-1253', Turkish => 'windows-1254', Hebrew => 'windows-1255', Arabic => 'windows-1256', Baltic => 'windows-1257', Vietnam => 'windows-1258', MacRoman => 'macintosh', ); # switch to UTF-8 if we don't have a standard encoding name unless ($encoding{$charset}) { $charset = 'UTF8'; $mt->Options(Charset => $charset); } # set file header/trailer for XML output $fileHeader = "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='$encoding{$charset}'?>\n" . "<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf='http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#'>\n"; $fileTrailer = "</rdf:RDF>\n"; # extract as a list unless short output format $joinLists = 1 if $outFormat > 0; $mt->Options(List => 1) unless $joinLists; $showGroup = $allGroup = 1; # always show group 1 # set binaryOutput flag to 0 or undef (0 = output encoded binary in XML) $binaryOutput = ($outFormat > 0 ? undef : 0) if $binaryOutput; $showTagID = 'D' if $tabFormat and not $showTagID; } elsif ($json) { if ($json == 1) { # JSON $fileHeader = '['; $fileTrailer = "]\n"; } else { # PHP $fileHeader = 'Array('; $fileTrailer = ");\n"; } # allow binary output in a text-mode file when -php/-json and -b used together # (this works because PHP strings are simple arrays of bytes, and CR/LF # won't be messed up in the text mode output because they are converted # to escape sequences in the strings) if ($binaryOutput) { $binaryOutput = 0; require Image::ExifTool::XMP if $json == 1; # (for EncodeBase64) } $mt->Options(List => 1) unless $joinLists; $showTagID = 'D' if $tabFormat and not $showTagID; } elsif ($structOpt) { $mt->Options(List => 1); } else { $joinLists = 1; # join lists for all other unstructured output formats } if ($argFormat) { $outFormat = 3; $allGroup = 1 if defined $showGroup; } # change to forward slashes if necessary in all filenames (like CleanFilename) if ($hasBackslash{$^O}) { tr/\\/\// foreach @files; } # can't do anything if no file specified unless (@files) { unless ($outOpt) { if ($doGlob and $doGlob == 2) { Warn "No matching files\n"; } else { Warn "No file specified\n"; } $rtnVal = 1; next; } push @files, ''; # create file from nothing } # set Verbose and HtmlDump options if ($verbose) { $disableOutput = 1 unless @tags or @exclude or $tagOut; undef $binaryOutput unless $tagOut; # disable conflicting option if ($html) { $html = 2; # flag for html dump $mt->Options(HtmlDump => $verbose); } else { $mt->Options(Verbose => $verbose) unless $tagOut; } } elsif (defined $verbose) { # auto-flush output when -v0 is used require FileHandle; STDOUT->autoflush(1); STDERR->autoflush(1); } # validate all tags we're writing my $needSave = 1; if (@newValues) { # assume -geotime value if -geotag specified without -geotime if ($addGeotime) { AddSetTagsFile($setTagsFile = '@') unless $setTagsFile and $setTagsFile eq '@'; push @{$setTags{$setTagsFile}}, $addGeotime; $verbose and print $vout qq{Argument "-$addGeotime" is assumed\n}; } my %setTagsIndex; # add/delete option lookup my %addDelOpt = ( '+' => 'AddValue', '-' => 'DelValue', "\xe2\x88\x92" => 'DelValue' ); $saveCount = 0; foreach (@newValues) { if (ref $_ eq 'HASH') { # save new values now if we stored a "SaveCount" marker if ($$_{SaveCount}) { $saveCount = $mt->SaveNewValues(); $needSave = 0; # insert marker to load values from CSV file now if this was the CSV file push @dynamicFiles, \$csv if $$_{SaveCount} == $csvSaveCount; } next; } /(.*?)=(.*)/s or next; my ($tag, $newVal) = ($1, $2); $tag =~ s/\ball\b/\*/ig; # replace 'all' with '*' in tag names $newVal eq '' and undef $newVal unless $tag =~ s/\^([-+]*)$/$1/; # undefined to delete tag if ($tag =~ /^(All)?TagsFromFile$/i) { defined $newVal or Error("Need file name for -tagsFromFile\n"), next Command; ++$isWriting; if ($newVal eq '@' or not defined FilenameSPrintf($newVal)) { push @dynamicFiles, $newVal; next; # set tags from dynamic file later } unless ($mt->Exists($newVal) or $newVal eq '-') { Warn "File '${newVal}' does not exist for -tagsFromFile option\n"; $rtnVal = 1; next Command; } my $setTags = $setTags{$newVal}; # do we have multiple -tagsFromFile options with this file? if ($setTagsList{$newVal}) { # use the tags set in the i-th occurrence my $i = $setTagsIndex{$newVal} || 0; $setTagsIndex{$newVal} = $i + 1; $setTags = $setTagsList{$newVal}[$i] if $setTagsList{$newVal}[$i]; } # set specified tags from this file unless (DoSetFromFile($mt, $newVal, $setTags)) { $rtnVal = 1; next Command; } $needSave = 1; next; } my %opts = ( Shift => 0 ); # shift values if possible instead of adding/deleting # allow writing of 'Unsafe' tags unless specified by wildcard $opts{Protected} = 1 unless $tag =~ /[?*]/; if ($tag =~ s/<// and defined $newVal) { if (defined FilenameSPrintf($newVal)) { SlurpFile($newVal, \$newVal) or next; # read file data into $newVal } else { $tag =~ s/([-+]|\xe2\x88\x92)$// and $opts{$addDelOpt{$1}} = 1; # verify that this tag can be written my $result = Image::ExifTool::IsWritable($tag); if ($result) { $opts{ProtectSaved} = $saveCount; # protect new values set after this # add to list of dynamic tag values push @dynamicFiles, [ $tag, $newVal, \%opts ]; ++$isWriting; } elsif (defined $result) { Warn "Tag '${tag}' is not writable\n"; } else { Warn "Tag '${tag}' does not exist\n"; } next; } } if ($tag =~ s/([-+]|\xe2\x88\x92)$//) { $opts{$addDelOpt{$1}} = 1; # set AddValue or DelValue option # set $newVal to '' if deleting nothing $newVal = '' if $1 eq '-' and not defined $newVal; } if ($escapeC and defined $newVal) { $newVal =~ s/\\(x([0-9a-fA-F]{2})|.)/$2 ? chr(hex($2)) : $unescC{$1} || $1/seg; } my ($rtn, $wrn) = $mt->SetNewValue($tag, $newVal, %opts); $needSave = 1; ++$isWriting if $rtn; $wrn and Warn "Warning: $wrn\n"; } # exclude specified tags foreach (@exclude) { $mt->SetNewValue($_, undef, Replace => 2); $needSave = 1; } unless ($isWriting or $outOpt or @tags) { Warn "Nothing to do.\n"; $rtnVal = 1; next; } } elsif (grep /^(\*:)?\*$/, @exclude) { Warn "All tags excluded -- nothing to do.\n"; $rtnVal = 1; next; } if ($isWriting and @tags and not $outOpt) { my ($tg, $s) = @tags > 1 ? ("$tags[0] ...", 's') : ($tags[0], ''); Warn "Ignored superfluous tag name$s or invalid option$s: -$tg\n"; } # save current state of new values if setting values from target file # or if we may be translating to a different format $mt->SaveNewValues() if $outOpt or (@dynamicFiles and $needSave); $multiFile = 1 if @files > 1; @exclude and $mt->Options(Exclude => \@exclude); undef $binaryOutput if $html; if ($binaryOutput) { $outFormat = 99; # shortest possible output format $mt->Options(PrintConv => 0); unless ($textOut or $binaryStdout) { binmode(STDOUT); $binaryStdout = 1; $mt->Options(TextOut => ($vout = \*STDERR)); } # disable conflicting options undef $showGroup; } # sort by groups to look nicer depending on options if (defined $showGroup and not (@tags and $allGroup) and ($sortOpt or not defined $sortOpt)) { $mt->Options(Sort => "Group$showGroup"); } if (defined $textOut) { CleanFilename($textOut); # make all forward slashes # add '.' before output extension if necessary $textOut = ".$textOut" unless $textOut =~ /[.%]/ or defined $tagOut; } # determine if we should scan for only writable files if ($outOpt) { my $type = GetFileType($outOpt); if ($type) { unless (CanWrite($type)) { Warn "Can't write $type files\n"; $rtnVal = 1; next; } $scanWritable = $type unless CanCreate($type); } else { $scanWritable = 1; } $isWriting = 1; # set writing flag } elsif ($isWriting or defined $deleteOrig) { $scanWritable = 1; } # initialize alternate encoding flag $altEnc = $mt->Options('Charset'); undef $altEnc if $altEnc eq 'UTF8'; # set flag to fix description lengths if necessary if (not $altEnc and $mt->Options('Lang') ne 'en' and eval { require Encode }) { # (note that Unicode::GCString is part of the Unicode::LineBreak package) $fixLen = eval { require Unicode::GCString } ? 2 : 1; } # sort input files if specified if (@fileOrder) { my @allFiles; ProcessFiles($mt, \@allFiles); my $sortTool = new Image::ExifTool; $sortTool->Options(FastScan => $fileOrderFast) if $fileOrderFast; $sortTool->Options(PrintConv => $mt->Options('PrintConv')); $sortTool->Options(Duplicates => 0); my (%sortBy, %isFloat, @rev, $file); # save reverse sort flags push @rev, (s/^-// ? 1 : 0) foreach @fileOrder; foreach $file (@allFiles) { my @tags; my $info = $sortTool->ImageInfo(Infile($file,1), @fileOrder, \@tags); # get values of all tags (or '~' to sort last if not defined) foreach (@tags) { $_ = $$info{$_}; # put tag value into @tag list defined $_ or $_ = '~', next; $isFloat{$_} = Image::ExifTool::IsFloat($_); # pad numbers to 12 digits to keep them sequential s/(\d+)/(length($1) < 12 ? '0'x(12-length($1)) : '') . $1/eg unless $isFloat{$_}; } $sortBy{$file} = \@tags; # save tag values for each file } # sort in specified order @files = sort { my ($i, $cmp); for ($i=0; $i<@rev; ++$i) { my $u = $sortBy{$a}[$i]; my $v = $sortBy{$b}[$i]; if (not $isFloat{$u} and not $isFloat{$v}) { $cmp = $u cmp $v; # alphabetically } elsif ($isFloat{$u} and $isFloat{$v}) { $cmp = $u <=> $v; # numerically } else { $cmp = $isFloat{$u} ? -1 : 1; # numbers first } return $rev[$i] ? -$cmp : $cmp if $cmp; } return $a cmp $b; # default to sort by name } @allFiles; } elsif (defined $progress) { # expand FILE argument to count the number of files to process my @allFiles; ProcessFiles($mt, \@allFiles); @files = @allFiles; } # set file count for progress message $progressMax = scalar @files if defined $progress; # store duplicate database information under absolute path my @dbKeys = keys %database; if (@dbKeys) { if (eval { require Cwd }) { undef $evalWarning; local $SIG{'__WARN__'} = sub { $evalWarning = $_[0] }; foreach (@dbKeys) { my $db = $database{$_}; tr/\\/\// and $database{$_} = $db; # allow for backslashes in SourceFile # (punt on using ConvertFileName here, so $absPath may be a mix of encodings) my $absPath = AbsPath($_); if (defined $absPath) { $database{$absPath} = $db unless $database{$absPath}; if ($verbose and $verbose > 1) { print $vout "Imported entry for '${_}' (full path: '${absPath}')\n"; } } elsif ($verbose and $verbose > 1) { print $vout "Imported entry for '${_}' (non-existent file)\n"; } } } } # process all specified files ProcessFiles($mt); if ($filtered and not $validFile) { Warn "No file with specified extension\n"; $rtnVal = 1; } # print CSV information if necessary PrintCSV() if $csv and not $isWriting; # print folder/file trailer if necessary print $sectTrailer if $sectTrailer and not $textOut; print $fileTrailer if $fileTrailer and not $textOut and not $fileHeader; my $totWr = $countGoodWr + $countBadWr + $countSameWr + $countCopyWr + $countGoodCr + $countBadCr; if (defined $deleteOrig) { # print summary and delete requested files unless ($quiet) { printf "%5d directories scanned\n", $countDir if $countDir; printf "%5d directories created\n", $countNewDir if $countNewDir; printf "%5d files failed condition\n", $countFailed if $countFailed; printf "%5d image files found\n", $count; } if (@delFiles) { # verify deletion unless "-delete_original!" was specified if ($deleteOrig == 1) { printf '%5d originals will be deleted! Are you sure [y/n]? ', scalar(@delFiles); my $response = <STDIN>; unless ($response =~ /^(y|yes)\s*$/i) { Warn "Originals not deleted.\n"; next; } } $countGoodWr = $mt->Unlink(@delFiles); $countBad = scalar(@delFiles) - $countGoodWr; } if ($quiet) { # no more messages } elsif ($count and not $countGoodWr and not $countBad) { printf "%5d original files found\n", $countGoodWr; # (this will be 0) } elsif ($deleteOrig) { printf "%5d original files deleted\n", $countGoodWr if $count; printf "%5d originals not deleted due to errors\n", $countBad if $countBad; } else { printf "%5d image files restored from original\n", $countGoodWr if $count; printf "%5d files not restored due to errors\n", $countBad if $countBad; } } elsif ((not $binaryStdout or $verbose) and not $quiet) { # print summary my $tot = $count + $countBad; if ($countDir or $totWr or $countFailed or $tot > 1 or $textOut or %countLink) { my $o = (($html or $json or $xml or %printFmt or $csv) and not $textOut) ? \*STDERR : $vout; printf($o "%5d directories scanned\n", $countDir) if $countDir; printf($o "%5d directories created\n", $countNewDir) if $countNewDir; printf($o "%5d files failed condition\n", $countFailed) if $countFailed; printf($o "%5d image files created\n", $countGoodCr) if $countGoodCr; printf($o "%5d image files updated\n", $countGoodWr) if $totWr - $countGoodCr - $countBadCr - $countCopyWr; printf($o "%5d image files unchanged\n", $countSameWr) if $countSameWr; printf($o "%5d image files %s\n", $countCopyWr, $overwriteOrig ? 'moved' : 'copied') if $countCopyWr; printf($o "%5d files weren't updated due to errors\n", $countBadWr) if $countBadWr; printf($o "%5d files weren't created due to errors\n", $countBadCr) if $countBadCr; printf($o "%5d image files read\n", $count) if ($tot+$countFailed)>1 or ($countDir and not $totWr); printf($o "%5d files could not be read\n", $countBad) if $countBad; printf($o "%5d output files created\n", scalar(keys %created)) if $textOut; printf($o "%5d output files appended\n", scalar(keys %appended)) if %appended; printf($o "%5d hard links created\n", $countLink{Hard} || 0) if $countLink{Hard} or $countLink{BadHard}; printf($o "%5d hard links could not be created\n", $countLink{BadHard}) if $countLink{BadHard}; printf($o "%5d symbolic links created\n", $countLink{Sym} || 0) if $countLink{Sym} or $countLink{BadSym}; printf($o "%5d symbolic links could not be created\n", $countLink{BadSym}) if $countLink{BadSym}; } } # set error status if we had any errors or if all files failed the "-if" condition if ($countBadWr or $countBadCr or $countBad) { $rtnVal = 1; } elsif ($countFailed and not ($count or $totWr) and not $rtnVal) { $rtnVal = 2; } # clean up after each command Cleanup(); } # end "Command" loop ........................................................ close STAYOPEN if $stayOpen >= 2; Exit $rtnValApp; # all done #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Get image information from EXIF data in file (or write file if writing) # Inputs: 0) ExifTool object reference, 1) file name sub GetImageInfo($$) { my ($et, $orig) = @_; my (@foundTags, $info, $file, $ind); # set window title for this file if necessary if (defined $windowTitle) { my $prog = $progressMax ? "$progressCount/$progressMax" : '0/0'; my $title = $windowTitle; my ($num, $denom) = split '/', $prog; my $frac = $num / ($denom || 1); my $n = $title =~ s/%(\d+)b/%b/ ? $1 : 20; # length of bar my $bar = int($frac * $n + 0.5); my %lkup = ( b => ('I' x $bar) . ('.' x ($n - $bar)), # (undocumented) f => $orig, p => int(100 * $frac + 0.5), r => $prog, '%'=> '%', ); $title =~ s/%([%bfpr])/$lkup{$1}/eg; SetWindowTitle($title); } unless (length $orig or $outOpt) { Warn qq(Error: Zero-length file name - ""\n); ++$countBad; return; } # determine the name of the source file based on the original input file name if (@srcFmt) { my ($fmt, $first); foreach $fmt (@srcFmt) { $file = $fmt eq '@' ? $orig : FilenameSPrintf($fmt, $orig); # use this file if it exists $et->Exists($file) and undef($first), last; $verbose and print $vout "Source file $file does not exist\n"; $first = $file unless defined $first; } $file = $first if defined $first; my ($d, $f) = Image::ExifTool::SplitFileName($orig); $et->Options(UserParam => "OriginalDirectory#=$d"); $et->Options(UserParam => "OriginalFileName#=$f"); } else { $file = $orig; } my $pipe = $file; if ($doUnzip) { # pipe through gzip or bzip2 if necessary if ($file =~ /\.(gz|bz2)$/i) { my $type = lc $1; if ($file =~ /[^-_.'A-Za-z0-9\/\\]/) { Warn "Error: Insecure zip file name. Skipped\n"; EFile($file); ++$countBad; return; } if ($type eq 'gz') { $pipe = qq{gzip -dc "$file" |}; } else { $pipe = qq{bzip2 -dc "$file" |}; } $$et{TRUST_PIPE} = 1; } } # evaluate -if expression for conditional processing if (@condition) { unless ($file eq '-' or $et->Exists($file)) { Warn "Error: File not found - $file\n"; EFile($file); FileNotFound($file); ++$countBad; return; } my $result; unless ($failCondition) { # catch run time errors as well as compile errors undef $evalWarning; local $SIG{'__WARN__'} = sub { $evalWarning = $_[0] }; my (%info, $condition); # extract information and build expression for evaluation my $opts = { Duplicates => 1, RequestTags => \@requestTags, Verbose => 0, HtmlDump => 0 }; $$opts{FastScan} = $fastCondition if defined $fastCondition; # return all tags but explicitly mention tags on command line so # requested images will generate the appropriate warnings @foundTags = ('*', @tags) if @tags; $info = $et->ImageInfo(Infile($pipe,$isWriting), \@foundTags, $opts); foreach $condition (@condition) { my $cond = $et->InsertTagValues(\@foundTags, $condition, \%info); { # set package so eval'd functions are in Image::ExifTool namespace package Image::ExifTool; my $self = $et; #### eval "-if" condition (%info, $self) $result = eval $cond; $@ and $evalWarning = $@; } if ($evalWarning) { # fail condition if warning is issued undef $result; if ($verbose) { chomp $evalWarning; $evalWarning =~ s/ at \(eval .*//s; Warn "Condition: $evalWarning - $file\n"; } } last unless $result; } undef @foundTags if $fastCondition; # ignore if we didn't get all tags } unless ($result) { $verbose and print $vout "-------- $file (failed condition)$progStr\n"; EFile($file, 2); ++$countFailed; return; } # can't make use of $info if verbose because we must reprocess # the file anyway to generate the verbose output undef $info if $verbose or defined $fastCondition; } if (defined $deleteOrig) { print $vout "======== $file$progStr\n" if defined $verbose; ++$count; my $original = "${file}_original"; $et->Exists($original) or return; if ($deleteOrig) { $verbose and print $vout "Scheduled for deletion: $original\n"; push @delFiles, $original; } elsif ($et->Rename($original, $file)) { $verbose and print $vout "Restored from $original\n"; ++$countGoodWr; } else { Warn "Error renaming $original\n"; EFile($file); ++$countBad; } return; } ++$seqFileNum; # increment our file counter my $lineCount = 0; my ($fp, $outfile, $append); if ($textOut and $verbose and not $tagOut) { ($fp, $outfile, $append) = OpenOutputFile($orig); $fp or EFile($file), ++$countBad, return; # delete file if we exit prematurely (unless appending) $tmpText = $outfile unless $append; $et->Options(TextOut => $fp); } if ($isWriting) { print $vout "======== $file$progStr\n" if defined $verbose; SetImageInfo($et, $file, $orig); $info = $et->GetInfo('Warning', 'Error'); PrintErrors($et, $info, $file); # close output text file if necessary if ($outfile) { undef $tmpText; close($fp); $et->Options(TextOut => $vout); if ($info->{Error}) { $et->Unlink($outfile); # erase bad file } elsif ($append) { $appended{$outfile} = 1 unless $created{$outfile}; } else { $created{$outfile} = 1; } } return; } # extract information from this file unless ($file eq '-' or $et->Exists($file)) { Warn "Error: File not found - $file\n"; FileNotFound($file); $outfile and close($fp), undef($tmpText), $et->Unlink($outfile); EFile($file); ++$countBad; return; } # print file/progress message my $o; unless ($binaryOutput or $textOut or %printFmt or $html > 1 or $csv) { if ($html) { require Image::ExifTool::HTML; my $f = Image::ExifTool::HTML::EscapeHTML($file); print "<!-- $f -->\n"; } elsif (not ($json or $xml)) { $o = \*STDOUT if ($multiFile and not $quiet) or $progress; } } $o = \*STDERR if $progress and not $o; $o and print $o "======== $file$progStr\n"; if ($info) { # get the information we wanted if (@tags and not %printFmt) { @foundTags = @tags; $info = $et->GetInfo(\@foundTags); } } else { # request specified tags unless using print format option my $oldDups = $et->Options('Duplicates'); if (%printFmt) { $et->Options(Duplicates => 1); $et->Options(RequestTags => \@requestTags); } else { @foundTags = @tags; } # extract the information $info = $et->ImageInfo(Infile($pipe), \@foundTags); $et->Options(Duplicates => $oldDups); } # all done now if we already wrote output text file (eg. verbose option) if ($fp) { if ($outfile) { $et->Options(TextOut => \*STDOUT); undef $tmpText; if ($info->{Error}) { close($fp); $et->Unlink($outfile); # erase bad file } else { ++$lineCount; # output text file (likely) is not empty } } if ($info->{Error}) { Warn "Error: $info->{Error} - $file\n"; EFile($file); ++$countBad; return; } } # print warnings to stderr if using binary output # (because we are likely ignoring them and piping stdout to file) # or if there is none of the requested information available if ($binaryOutput or not %$info) { my $errs = $et->GetInfo('Warning', 'Error'); PrintErrors($et, $errs, $file) and EFile($file), $rtnVal = 1; } elsif ($et->GetValue('Error') or ($$et{Validate} and $et->GetValue('Warning'))) { $rtnVal = 1; } # open output file (or stdout if no output file) if not done already unless ($outfile or $tagOut) { ($fp, $outfile, $append) = OpenOutputFile($orig); $fp or EFile($file), ++$countBad, return; $tmpText = $outfile unless $append; } # print the results for this file if (%printFmt) { # output using print format file (-p) option my ($type, $doc, $grp, $lastDoc, $cache); $fileTrailer = ''; # repeat for each embedded document if necessary if ($et->Options('ExtractEmbedded')) { # (cache tag keys if there are sub-documents) $lastDoc = $$et{DOC_COUNT} and $cache = { }; } else { $lastDoc = 0; } for ($doc=0; $doc<=$lastDoc; ++$doc) { my $skipBody; foreach $type (qw(HEAD SECT IF BODY ENDS TAIL)) { my $prf = $printFmt{$type} or next; next if $type eq 'BODY' and $skipBody; if ($lastDoc) { if ($doc) { next if $type eq 'HEAD' or $type eq 'TAIL'; # only repeat SECT/IF/BODY/ENDS $grp = "Doc$doc"; } else { $grp = 'Main'; } } my @lines; my $opt = $type eq 'IF' ? 'Silent' : 'Warn'; # silence "IF" warnings foreach (@$prf) { my $line = $et->InsertTagValues(\@foundTags, $_, $opt, $grp, $cache); if ($type eq 'IF') { $skipBody = 1 unless defined $line; } elsif (defined $line) { push @lines, $line; } } $lineCount += scalar @lines; if ($type eq 'SECT') { my $thisHeader = join '', @lines; if ($sectHeader and $sectHeader ne $thisHeader) { print $fp $sectTrailer if $sectTrailer; undef $sectHeader; } $sectTrailer = ''; print $fp $sectHeader = $thisHeader unless $sectHeader; } elsif ($type eq 'ENDS') { $sectTrailer .= join '', @lines if defined $sectHeader; } elsif ($type eq 'TAIL') { $fileTrailer .= join '', @lines; } elsif (@lines) { print $fp @lines; } } } delete $printFmt{HEAD} unless $outfile; # print header only once per output file my $errs = $et->GetInfo('Warning', 'Error'); PrintErrors($et, $errs, $file) and EFile($file); } elsif (not $disableOutput) { my ($tag, $line, %noDups, %csvInfo, $bra, $ket, $sep); if ($fp) { # print file header (only once) if ($fileHeader) { print $fp $fileHeader; undef $fileHeader unless $textOut; } if ($html) { print $fp "<table>\n"; } elsif ($xml) { my $f = $file; CleanXML(\$f); print $fp "\n<rdf:Description rdf:about='${f}'"; print $fp "\n xmlns:et='http://ns.exiftool.org/1.0/'"; print $fp " et:toolkit='Image::ExifTool $Image::ExifTool::VERSION'"; # define namespaces for all tag groups my (%groups, @groups, $grp0, $grp1); foreach $tag (@foundTags) { ($grp0, $grp1) = $et->GetGroup($tag); unless ($grp1) { next unless defined $forcePrint; $grp0 = $grp1 = 'Unknown'; } # add groups from structure fields AddGroups($$info{$tag}, $grp0, \%groups, \@groups) if ref $$info{$tag}; next if $groups{$grp1}; # include family 0 and 1 groups in URI except for internal tags # (this will put internal tags in the "XML" group on readback) $groups{$grp1} = $grp0; push @groups, $grp1; } foreach $grp1 (@groups) { my $grp = $groups{$grp1}; unless ($grp eq $grp1 and $grp =~ /^(ExifTool|File|Composite|Unknown)$/) { $grp .= "/$grp1"; } print $fp "\n xmlns:$grp1='http://ns.exiftool.org/$grp/1.0/'"; } print $fp '>' if $outFormat < 1; # finish rdf:Description token unless short format $ind = $outFormat >= 0 ? ' ' : ' '; } elsif ($json) { # set delimiters for JSON or PHP output ($bra, $ket, $sep) = $json == 1 ? ('{','}',':') : ('Array(',')',' =>'); print $fp ",\n" if $comma; print $fp qq($bra\n "SourceFile"$sep ), EscapeJSON(MyConvertFileName($et,$file)); $comma = 1; $ind = (defined $showGroup and not $allGroup) ? ' ' : ' '; } elsif ($csv) { my $file2 = MyConvertFileName($et, $file); $database{$file2} = \%csvInfo; push @csvFiles, $file2; } } # suppress duplicates manually in JSON and short XML output my $noDups = ($json or ($xml and $outFormat > 0)); my $printConv = $et->Options('PrintConv'); my $lastGroup = ''; my $i = -1; TAG: foreach $tag (@foundTags) { ++$i; # keep track on index in @foundTags my $tagName = GetTagName($tag); my ($group, $valList); # get the value for this tag my $val = $$info{$tag}; # set flag if this is binary data $isBinary = (ref $val eq 'SCALAR' and defined $binaryOutput); if (ref $val) { # happens with -X, -j or -php when combined with -b: if (defined $binaryOutput and not $binaryOutput and $$et{TAG_INFO}{$tag}{Protected}) { # avoid extracting Protected binary tags (eg. data blocks) [insider information] my $lcTag = lc $tag; $lcTag =~ s/ .*//; next unless $$et{REQ_TAG_LOOKUP}{$lcTag} or ($$et{OPTIONS}{RequestAll} || 0) > 2; } $val = ConvertBinary($val); # convert SCALAR references next unless defined $val; if ($structOpt and ref $val) { # serialize structure if necessary $val = Image::ExifTool::XMP::SerializeStruct($val) unless $xml or $json; } elsif (ref $val eq 'ARRAY') { if (defined $listItem) { # take only the specified item $val = $$val[$listItem]; # join arrays of simple values (with newlines for binary output) } elsif ($binaryOutput) { if ($tagOut) { $valList = $val; $val = shift @$valList; } else { $val = join defined $binSep ? $binSep : "\n", @$val; } } elsif ($joinLists) { $val = join $listSep, @$val; } } } if (not defined $val) { # ignore tags that weren't found unless necessary next if $binaryOutput; if (defined $forcePrint) { $val = $forcePrint; # forced to print all tag values } elsif (not $csv) { next; } } if (defined $showGroup) { $group = $et->GetGroup($tag, $showGroup); # look ahead to see if this tag may suppress a priority tag in # the same group, and if so suppress this tag instead next if $noDups and $tag =~ /^(.*?) \(/ and defined $$info{$1} and $group eq $et->GetGroup($1, $showGroup); $group = 'Unknown' if not $group and ($xml or $json or $csv); if ($fp and not ($allGroup or $csv)) { if ($lastGroup ne $group) { if ($html) { my $cols = 1; ++$cols if $outFormat==0 or $outFormat==1; ++$cols if $showTagID; print $fp "<tr><td colspan=$cols bgcolor='#dddddd'>$group</td></tr>\n"; } elsif ($json) { print $fp "\n $ket" if $lastGroup; print $fp ',' if $lastGroup or $comma; print $fp qq(\n "$group"$sep $bra); undef $comma; undef %noDups; # allow duplicate names in different groups } else { print $fp "---- $group ----\n"; } $lastGroup = $group; } undef $group; # undefine so we don't print it below } } elsif ($noDups) { # don't allow duplicates, but avoid suppressing the priority tag next if $tag =~ /^(.*?) \(/ and defined $$info{$1}; } ++$lineCount; # we are printing something meaningful # loop through list values when -b -W used for (;;) { if ($tagOut) { # determine suggested extension for output file my $ext = SuggestedExtension($et, \$val, $tagName); if (%wext and ($wext{$ext} || $wext{'*'} || -1) < 0) { if ($verbose and $verbose > 1) { print $vout "Not writing $ext output file for $tagName\n"; } next TAG; } my @groups = $et->GetGroup($tag); $outfile and close($fp), undef($tmpText); # (shouldn't happen) my $org = $et->GetValue('OriginalRawFileName') || $et->GetValue('OriginalFileName'); ($fp, $outfile, $append) = OpenOutputFile($orig, $tagName, \@groups, $ext, $org); $fp or ++$countBad, next TAG; $tmpText = $outfile unless $append; } # write binary output if ($binaryOutput) { print $fp $val; print $fp $binTerm if defined $binTerm; if ($tagOut) { if ($append) { $appended{$outfile} = 1 unless $created{$outfile}; } else { $created{$outfile} = 1; } close($fp); undef $tmpText; $verbose and print $vout "Wrote $tagName to $outfile\n"; undef $outfile; undef $fp; next TAG unless $valList and @$valList; $val = shift @$valList; next; # loop over values of List tag } next TAG; } last; } # save information for CSV output if ($csv) { my $tn = $tagName; $tn .= '#' if $tag =~ /#/; # add ValueConv "#" suffix if used my $gt = $group ? "$group:$tn" : $tn; # (tag-name case may be different if some tags don't exist # in a file, so all logic must use lower-case tag names) my $lcTag = lc $gt; # override existing entry only if top priority next if defined $csvInfo{$lcTag} and $tag =~ /\(/; $csvInfo{$lcTag} = $val; if (defined $csvTags{$lcTag}) { # overwrite with actual extracted tag name # (note: can't check "if defined $val" here because -f may be used) $csvTags{$lcTag} = $gt if defined $$info{$tag}; next; } # must check for "Unknown" group (for tags that don't exist) if ($group and defined $csvTags[$i] and $csvTags[$i] =~ /^(.*):$tn$/i) { next if $group eq 'Unknown'; # nothing more to do if we don't know tag group if ($1 eq 'unknown') { # replace unknown entry in CSV tag lookup and list delete $csvTags{$csvTags[$i]}; $csvTags{$lcTag} = defined($val) ? $gt : ''; $csvTags[$i] = $lcTag; next; } } # (don't save unextracted tag name unless -f was used) $csvTags{$lcTag} = defined($val) ? $gt : ''; if (@csvFiles == 1) { push @csvTags, $lcTag; # save order of tags for first file } elsif (@csvTags) { undef @csvTags; } next; } # get description if we need it (use tag name if $outFormat > 0) my $desc = $outFormat > 0 ? $tagName : $et->GetDescription($tag); if ($xml) { # RDF/XML output format my $tok = "$group:$tagName"; if ($outFormat > 0) { if ($structOpt and ref $val) { $val = Image::ExifTool::XMP::SerializeStruct($val); } if ($escapeHTML) { $val =~ tr/\0-\x08\x0b\x0c\x0e-\x1f/./; Image::ExifTool::XMP::FixUTF8(\$val) unless $altEnc; $val = Image::ExifTool::HTML::EscapeHTML($val, $altEnc); } else { CleanXML(\$val); } unless ($noDups{$tok}) { # manually un-do CR/LF conversion in Windows because output # is in text mode, which will re-convert newlines to CR/LF $isCRLF and $val =~ s/\x0d\x0a/\x0a/g; print $fp "\n $tok='${val}'"; # XML does not allow duplicate attributes $noDups{$tok} = 1; } next; } my ($xtra, $valNum, $descClose); if ($showTagID) { my ($id, $lang) = $et->GetTagID($tag); if ($id =~ /^\d+$/) { $id = sprintf("0x%.4x", $id) if $showTagID eq 'H'; } else { $id = Image::ExifTool::XMP::FullEscapeXML($id); } $xtra = " et:id='${id}'"; $xtra .= " xml:lang='${lang}'" if $lang; } else { $xtra = ''; } if ($tabFormat) { my $table = $et->GetTableName($tag); my $index = $et->GetTagIndex($tag); $xtra .= " et:table='${table}'"; $xtra .= " et:index='${index}'" if defined $index; } my $lastVal = $val; for ($valNum=0; $valNum<2; ++$valNum) { $val = FormatXML($val, $ind, $group); # manually un-do CR/LF conversion in Windows because output # is in text mode, which will re-convert newlines to CR/LF $isCRLF and $val =~ s/\x0d\x0a/\x0a/g; if ($outFormat >= 0) { # normal output format (note: this will give # non-standard RDF/XML if there are any attributes) print $fp "\n <$tok$xtra$val</$tok>"; last; } elsif ($valNum == 0) { CleanXML(\$desc); if ($xtra) { print $fp "\n <$tok>"; print $fp "\n <rdf:Description$xtra>"; $descClose = "\n </rdf:Description>"; } else { print $fp "\n <$tok rdf:parseType='Resource'>"; $descClose = ''; } # print tag Description print $fp "\n <et:desc>$desc</et:desc>"; if ($printConv) { # print PrintConv value print $fp "\n <et:prt$val</et:prt>"; $val = $et->GetValue($tag, 'ValueConv'); $val = '' unless defined $val; # go back to print ValueConv value only if different next unless IsEqual($val, $lastVal); print $fp "$descClose\n </$tok>"; last; } } # print ValueConv value print $fp "\n <et:val$val</et:val>"; print $fp "$descClose\n </$tok>"; last; } next; } elsif ($json) { # JSON or PHP output format my $tok = $allGroup ? "$group:$tagName" : $tagName; # (removed due to backward incompatibility) # $tok .= '#' if $tag =~ /#/; # add back '#' suffix if used next if $noDups{$tok}; $noDups{$tok} = 1; print $fp ',' if $comma; print $fp qq(\n$ind"$tok"$sep ); if ($showTagID or $outFormat < 0) { $val = { val => $val }; if ($showTagID) { my $id = $et->GetTagID($tag); $id = sprintf('0x%.4x', $id) if $showTagID eq 'H' and $id =~ /^\d+$/; $$val{id} = $id; } if ($tabFormat) { $$val{table} = $et->GetTableName($tag); my $index = $et->GetTagIndex($tag); $$val{index} = $index if defined $index; } if ($outFormat < 0) { $$val{desc} = $desc; if ($printConv) { my $num = $et->GetValue($tag, 'ValueConv'); $$val{num} = $num if defined $num and not IsEqual($num, $$val{val}); } } } FormatJSON($fp, $val, $ind); $comma = 1; next; } my $id; if ($showTagID) { $id = $et->GetTagID($tag); if ($id =~ /^(\d+)(\.\d+)?$/) { # only print numeric ID's $id = sprintf("0x%.4x", $1) if $showTagID eq 'H'; } else { $id = '-'; } } if ($escapeC) { $val =~ s/([\0-\x1f\\\x7f])/$escC{$1} || sprintf('\x%.2x', ord $1)/eg; } else { # translate unprintable chars in value and remove trailing spaces $val =~ tr/\x01-\x1f\x7f/./; $val =~ s/\x00//g; $val =~ s/\s+$//; } if ($html) { print $fp "<tr>"; print $fp "<td>$group</td>" if defined $group; print $fp "<td>$id</td>" if $showTagID; print $fp "<td>$desc</td>" if $outFormat <= 1; print $fp "<td>$val</td></tr>\n"; } else { my $buff = ''; if ($tabFormat) { $buff = "$group\t" if defined $group; $buff .= "$id\t" if $showTagID; if ($outFormat <= 1) { $buff .= "$desc\t$val\n"; } elsif (defined $line) { $line .= "\t$val"; } else { $line = $val; } } elsif ($outFormat < 0) { # long format $buff = "[$group] " if defined $group; $buff .= "$id " if $showTagID; $buff .= "$desc\n $val\n"; } elsif ($outFormat == 0 or $outFormat == 1) { my $wid; my $len = 0; if (defined $group) { $buff = sprintf("%-15s ", "[$group]"); $len = 16; } if ($showTagID) { $wid = ($showTagID eq 'D') ? 5 : 6; $len += $wid + 1; ($wid = $len - length($buff) - 1) < 1 and $wid = 1; $buff .= sprintf "%${wid}s ", $id; } $wid = 32 - (length($buff) - $len); # pad description to a constant length # (get actual character length when using alternate languages # because these descriptions may contain UTF8-encoded characters) my $padLen = $wid; if (not $fixLen) { $padLen -= length $desc; } elsif ($fixLen == 1) { $padLen -= length Encode::decode_utf8($desc); } else { my $gcstr = eval { new Unicode::GCString(Encode::decode_utf8($desc)) }; if ($gcstr) { $padLen -= $gcstr->columns; } else { $padLen -= length Encode::decode_utf8($desc); Warn "Warning: Unicode::GCString problem. Columns may be misaligned\n"; $fixLen = 1; } } $padLen = 0 if $padLen < 0; $buff .= $desc . (' ' x $padLen) . ": $val\n"; } elsif ($outFormat == 2) { $buff = "[$group] " if defined $group; $buff .= "$id " if $showTagID; $buff .= "$tagName: $val\n"; } elsif ($argFormat) { $buff = '-'; $buff .= "$group:" if defined $group; $tagName .= '#' if $tag =~ /#/; # add '#' suffix if used $buff .= "$tagName=$val\n"; } else { $buff = "$group " if defined $group; $buff .= "$id " if $showTagID; $buff .= "$val\n"; } print $fp $buff; } if ($tagOut) { if ($append) { $appended{$outfile} = 1 unless $created{$outfile}; } else { $created{$outfile} = 1; } close($fp); undef $tmpText; $verbose and print $vout "Wrote $tagName to $outfile\n"; undef $outfile; undef $fp; } } if ($fp) { if ($html) { print $fp "</table>\n"; } elsif ($xml) { # close rdf:Description element print $fp $outFormat < 1 ? "\n</rdf:Description>\n" : "/>\n"; } elsif ($json) { print $fp "\n $ket" if $lastGroup; print $fp "\n$ket"; $comma = 1; } elsif ($tabFormat and $outFormat > 1) { print $fp "$line\n" if defined $line; } } } if ($outfile) { # write section and file trailers before closing the file print $fp $sectTrailer and $sectTrailer = '' if $sectTrailer; print $fp $fileTrailer if $fileTrailer; close($fp); undef $tmpText; if ($lineCount) { if ($append) { $appended{$outfile} = 1 unless $created{$outfile}; } else { $created{$outfile} = 1; } } else { $et->Unlink($outfile) unless $append; # don't keep empty output files } undef $comma; } ++$count; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Set information in file # Inputs: 0) ExifTool object reference, 1) source file name # 2) original source file name ('' to create from scratch) # Returns: true on success sub SetImageInfo($$$) { my ($et, $file, $orig) = @_; my ($outfile, $restored, $isTemporary, $isStdout, $outType, $tagsFromSrc); my ($hardLink, $symLink, $testName, $sameFile); my $infile = $file; # save infile in case we change it again # clean up old temporary file if necessary if (defined $tmpFile) { $et->Unlink($tmpFile); undef $tmpFile; } # clear any existing errors or warnings since we check these on return delete $$et{VALUE}{Error}; delete $$et{VALUE}{Warning}; # first, try to determine our output file name so we can return quickly # if it already exists (note: this test must be delayed until after we # set tags from dynamic files if writing FileName or Directory) if (defined $outOpt) { if ($outOpt =~ /^-(\.\w+)?$/) { # allow output file type to be specified with "-o -.EXT" $outType = GetFileType($outOpt) if $1; $outfile = '-'; $isStdout = 1; } else { $outfile = FilenameSPrintf($outOpt, $orig); if ($outfile eq '') { Warn "Error: Can't create file with zero-length name from $orig\n"; EFile($infile); ++$countBadCr; return 0; } } if (not $isStdout and (($et->IsDirectory($outfile) and not $listDir) or $outfile =~ /\/$/)) { $outfile .= '/' unless $outfile =~ /\/$/; my $name = $file; $name =~ s/^.*\///s; # remove directory name $outfile .= $name; } else { my $srcType = GetFileType($file) || ''; $outType or $outType = GetFileType($outfile); if ($outType and ($srcType ne $outType or $outType eq 'ICC') and $file ne '-') { unless (CanCreate($outType)) { my $what = $srcType ? 'other types' : 'scratch'; WarnOnce "Error: Can't create $outType files from $what\n"; EFile($infile); ++$countBadCr; return 0; } if ($file ne '') { # restore previous new values unless done already $et->RestoreNewValues() unless $restored; $restored = 1; # translate to this type by setting specified tags from file my @setTags = @tags; foreach (@exclude) { push @setTags, "-$_"; } # force some tags to be copied for certain file types my %forceCopy = ( ICC => 'ICC_Profile', VRD => 'CanonVRD', DR4 => 'CanonDR4', ); push @setTags, $forceCopy{$outType} if $forceCopy{$outType}; # assume "-tagsFromFile @" unless -tagsFromFile already specified # (%setTags won't be empty if -tagsFromFile used) if (not %setTags or (@setTags and not $setTags{'@'})) { return 0 unless DoSetFromFile($et, $file, \@setTags); } elsif (@setTags) { # add orphaned tags to existing "-tagsFromFile @" for this file only push @setTags, @{$setTags{'@'}}; $tagsFromSrc = \@setTags; } # all done with source file -- create from meta information alone $file = ''; } } } unless ($isStdout) { $outfile = NextUnusedFilename($outfile); if ($et->Exists($outfile) and not $doSetFileName) { Warn "Error: '${outfile}' already exists - $infile\n"; EFile($infile); ++$countBadWr; return 0; } } } elsif ($file eq '-') { $isStdout = 1; } # set tags from destination file if required if (@dynamicFiles) { # restore previous values if necessary $et->RestoreNewValues() unless $restored; my ($dyFile, %setTagsIndex); foreach $dyFile (@dynamicFiles) { if (not ref $dyFile) { my ($fromFile, $setTags); if ($dyFile eq '@') { $fromFile = $orig; $setTags = $tagsFromSrc || $setTags{$dyFile}; } else { $fromFile = FilenameSPrintf($dyFile, $orig); defined $fromFile or EFile($infile), ++$countBadWr, return 0; $setTags = $setTags{$dyFile}; } # do we have multiple -tagsFromFile options with this file? if ($setTagsList{$dyFile}) { # use the tags set in the i-th occurrence my $i = $setTagsIndex{$dyFile} || 0; $setTagsIndex{$dyFile} = $i + 1; $setTags = $setTagsList{$dyFile}[$i] if $setTagsList{$dyFile}[$i]; } # set new values values from file return 0 unless DoSetFromFile($et, $fromFile, $setTags); } elsif (ref $dyFile eq 'ARRAY') { # a dynamic file containing a simple tag value my $fname = FilenameSPrintf($$dyFile[1], $orig); my ($buff, $rtn, $wrn); my $opts = $$dyFile[2]; if (defined $fname and SlurpFile($fname, \$buff)) { $verbose and print $vout "Reading $$dyFile[0] from $fname\n"; ($rtn, $wrn) = $et->SetNewValue($$dyFile[0], $buff, %$opts); $wrn and Warn "$wrn\n"; } # remove this tag if we couldn't set it properly $rtn or $et->SetNewValue($$dyFile[0], undef, Replace => 2, ProtectSaved => $$opts{ProtectSaved}); next; } elsif (ref $dyFile eq 'SCALAR') { # set new values from CSV or JSON database my ($f, $found, $tag); undef $evalWarning; local $SIG{'__WARN__'} = sub { $evalWarning = $_[0] }; # force UTF-8 if the database was JSON my $old = $et->Options('Charset'); $et->Options(Charset => 'UTF8') if $csv eq 'JSON'; # read tags for SourceFile '*' plus the specific file foreach $f ('*', MyConvertFileName($et, $file)) { my $csvInfo = $database{$f}; unless ($csvInfo) { next if $f eq '*'; # check absolute path # (punt on using ConvertFileName here, so $absPath may be a mix of encodings) my $absPath = AbsPath($f); next unless defined $absPath and $csvInfo = $database{$absPath}; } $found = 1; $verbose and print $vout "Setting new values from $csv database\n"; foreach $tag (sort keys %$csvInfo) { next if $tag =~ /\b(SourceFile|Directory|FileName)$/i; # don't write these my ($rtn, $wrn) = $et->SetNewValue($tag, $$csvInfo{$tag}, Protected => 1, AddValue => $csvAdd, ProtectSaved => $csvSaveCount); $wrn and Warn "$wrn\n" if $verbose; } } $et->Options(Charset => $old) if $csv eq 'JSON'; unless ($found) { Warn("No SourceFile '${file}' in imported $csv database\n"); my $absPath = AbsPath($file); Warn("(full path: '${absPath}')\n") if defined $absPath and $absPath ne $file; return 0; } } } } if ($isStdout) { # write to STDOUT $outfile = \*STDOUT; unless ($binaryStdout) { binmode(STDOUT); $binaryStdout = 1; } } else { # get name of hard link if we are creating one $hardLink = $et->GetNewValues('HardLink'); $symLink = $et->GetNewValues('SymLink'); $testName = $et->GetNewValues('TestName'); $hardLink = FilenameSPrintf($hardLink, $orig) if defined $hardLink; $symLink = FilenameSPrintf($symLink, $orig) if defined $symLink; # determine what our output file name should be my $newFileName = $et->GetNewValues('FileName'); my $newDir = $et->GetNewValues('Directory'); if (defined $newFileName and not length $newFileName) { Warn "Warning: New file name is empty - $ infile\n"; undef $newFileName; } if (defined $testName) { my $err; $err = "You shouldn't write FileName or Directory with TestFile" if defined $newFileName or defined $newDir; $err = "The -o option shouldn't be used with TestFile" if defined $outfile; $err and Warn("Error: $err - $infile\n"), EFile($infile), ++$countBadWr, return 0; $testName = FilenameSPrintf($testName, $orig); $testName = Image::ExifTool::GetNewFileName($file, $testName) if $file ne ''; } if (defined $newFileName or defined $newDir or ($doSetFileName and defined $outfile)) { if ($newFileName) { $newFileName = FilenameSPrintf($newFileName, $orig); if (defined $outfile) { $outfile = Image::ExifTool::GetNewFileName($file, $outfile) if $file ne ''; $outfile = Image::ExifTool::GetNewFileName($outfile, $newFileName); } elsif ($file ne '') { $outfile = Image::ExifTool::GetNewFileName($file, $newFileName); } } if ($newDir) { $newDir = FilenameSPrintf($newDir, $orig); $outfile = Image::ExifTool::GetNewFileName(defined $outfile ? $outfile : $file, $newDir); } $outfile = NextUnusedFilename($outfile, $infile); if ($et->Exists($outfile)) { if ($infile eq $outfile) { undef $outfile; # not changing the file name after all # (allow for case-insensitive filesystems) } elsif ($et->IsSameFile($infile, $outfile)) { $sameFile = $outfile; # same file, but the name has a different case } else { Warn "Error: '${outfile}' already exists - $infile\n"; EFile($infile); ++$countBadWr; return 0; } } } if (defined $outfile) { $verbose and print $vout "'${infile}' --> '${outfile}'\n"; # create output directory if necessary CreateDirectory($outfile); # set temporary file (automatically erased on abnormal exit) $tmpFile = $outfile if defined $outOpt; } unless (defined $tmpFile) { # count the number of tags and pseudo-tags we are writing my ($numSet, $numPseudo) = $et->CountNewValues(); if ($numSet != $numPseudo and $et->IsDirectory($file)) { print $vout "Can't write real tags to a directory - $infile\n" if defined $verbose; $numSet = $numPseudo; } if ($et->Exists($file)) { unless ($numSet) { # no need to write if no tags set print $vout "Nothing changed in $file\n" if defined $verbose; EFile($infile, 1); ++$countSameWr; return 1; } } elsif (CanCreate($file)) { if ($numSet == $numPseudo) { # no need to write if no real tags Warn("Error: Nothing to write - $file\n"); EFile($infile, 1); ++$countBadWr; return 0; } unless (defined $outfile) { # create file from scratch $outfile = $file; $file = ''; } } else { # file doesn't exist, and we can't create it Warn "Error: File not found - $file\n"; EFile($infile); FileNotFound($file); ++$countBadWr; return 0; } # quickly rename file and/or set file date if this is all we are doing if ($numSet == $numPseudo) { my ($r0, $r1, $r2, $r3) = (0, 0, 0, 0); if (defined $outfile) { $r0 = $et->SetFileName($file, $outfile); $file = $$et{NewName} if $r0 > 0; # continue with new name if changed } unless ($r0 < 0) { $r1 = $et->SetFileModifyDate($file,undef,'FileCreateDate'); $r2 = $et->SetFileModifyDate($file); $r3 = $et->SetSystemTags($file); } if ($r0 > 0 or $r1 > 0 or $r2 > 0 or $r3 > 0) { ++$countGoodWr; } elsif ($r0 < 0 or $r1 < 0 or $r2 < 0 or $r3 < 0) { EFile($infile); ++$countBadWr; return 0; } else { EFile($infile, 1); ++$countSameWr; } if (defined $hardLink or defined $symLink or defined $testName) { DoHardLink($et, $file, $hardLink, $symLink, $testName); } return 1; } if (not defined $outfile or defined $sameFile) { # write to a truly temporary file $outfile = "${file}_exiftool_tmp"; if ($et->Exists($outfile)) { Warn("Error: Temporary file already exists: $outfile\n"); EFile($infile); ++$countBadWr; return 0; } $isTemporary = 1; } # new output file is temporary until we know it has been written properly $tmpFile = $outfile; } } # rewrite the file my $success = $et->WriteInfo(Infile($file), $outfile, $outType); # create hard link if specified if ($success and (defined $hardLink or defined $symLink or defined $testName)) { my $src = defined $outfile ? $outfile : $file; DoHardLink($et, $src, $hardLink, $symLink, $testName); } # get file time if preserving it my ($aTime, $mTime, $cTime, $doPreserve); $doPreserve = $preserveTime unless $file eq ''; if ($doPreserve and $success) { ($aTime, $mTime, $cTime) = $et->GetFileTime($file); # don't override date/time values written by the user undef $cTime if $$et{WRITTEN}{FileCreateDate}; if ($$et{WRITTEN}{FileModifyDate} or $doPreserve == 2) { if (defined $cTime) { undef $aTime; # only preserve FileCreateDate undef $mTime; } else { undef $doPreserve; # (nothing to preserve) } } } if ($success == 1) { # preserve the original file times if (defined $tmpFile) { if ($et->Exists($file)) { $et->SetFileTime($tmpFile, $aTime, $mTime, $cTime) if $doPreserve; if ($isTemporary) { # preserve original file attributes if possible $et->CopyFileAttrs($file, $outfile); # move original out of the way my $original = "${file}_original"; if (not $overwriteOrig and not $et->Exists($original)) { # rename the file and check again to be sure the file doesn't exist # (in case, say, the filesystem truncated the file extension) if (not $et->Rename($file, $original) or $et->Exists($file)) { Error "Error renaming $file\n"; return 0; } } my $dstFile = defined $sameFile ? $sameFile : $file; if ($overwriteOrig > 1) { # copy temporary file over top of original to preserve attributes my ($err, $buff); my $newFile = $tmpFile; $et->Open(\*NEW_FILE, $newFile) or Error("Error opening $newFile\n"), return 0; binmode(NEW_FILE); #.......................................................... # temporarily disable CTRL-C during this critical operation $critical = 1; undef $tmpFile; # handle deletion of temporary file ourself if ($et->Open(\*ORIG_FILE, $file, '+<')) { binmode(ORIG_FILE); while (read(NEW_FILE, $buff, 65536)) { print ORIG_FILE $buff or $err = 1; } close(NEW_FILE); # Handle files being shorter than the original eval { truncate(ORIG_FILE, tell(ORIG_FILE)) } or $err = 1; close(ORIG_FILE) or $err = 1; if ($err) { Warn "Couldn't overwrite in place - $file\n"; unless ($et->Rename($newFile, $file) or ($et->Unlink($file) and $et->Rename($newFile, $file))) { Error("Error renaming $newFile to $file\n"); undef $critical; SigInt() if $interrupted; return 0; } } else { $et->SetFileModifyDate($file, $cTime, 'FileCreateDate', 1); $et->SetFileModifyDate($file, $mTime, 'FileModifyDate', 1); $et->Unlink($newFile); if ($doPreserve) { $et->SetFileTime($file, $aTime, $mTime, $cTime); # save time to set it later again to patch OS X 10.6 bug $preserveTime{$file} = [ $aTime, $mTime, $cTime ]; } } ++$countGoodWr; } else { close(NEW_FILE); Warn "Error opening $file for writing\n"; EFile($infile); $et->Unlink($newFile); ++$countBadWr; } undef $critical; # end critical section SigInt() if $interrupted; # issue delayed SIGINT if necessary #.......................................................... # simply rename temporary file to replace original # (if we didn't already rename it to add "_original") } elsif ($et->Rename($tmpFile, $dstFile)) { ++$countGoodWr; } else { my $newFile = $tmpFile; undef $tmpFile; # (avoid deleting file if we get interrupted) # unlink may fail if already renamed or no permission if (not $et->Unlink($file)) { Warn "Error renaming temporary file to $dstFile\n"; EFile($infile); $et->Unlink($newFile); ++$countBadWr; # try renaming again now that the target has been deleted } elsif (not $et->Rename($newFile, $dstFile)) { Warn "Error renaming temporary file to $dstFile\n"; EFile($infile); # (don't delete tmp file now because it is all we have left) ++$countBadWr; } else { ++$countGoodWr; } } } elsif ($overwriteOrig) { # erase original file $et->Unlink($file) or Warn "Error erasing original $file\n"; ++$countGoodWr; } else { ++$countGoodCr; } } else { # this file was created from scratch, not edited ++$countGoodCr; } } else { ++$countGoodWr; } } elsif ($success) { EFile($infile, 1); if ($isTemporary) { # just erase the temporary file since no changes were made $et->Unlink($tmpFile); ++$countSameWr; } else { $et->SetFileTime($outfile, $aTime, $mTime, $cTime) if $doPreserve; if ($overwriteOrig) { $et->Unlink($file) or Warn "Error erasing original $file\n"; } ++$countCopyWr; } print $vout "Nothing changed in $file\n" if defined $verbose; } else { EFile($infile); $et->Unlink($tmpFile) if defined $tmpFile; ++$countBadWr; } undef $tmpFile; return $success; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Make hard link and handle TestName if specified # Inputs: 0) ExifTool ref, 1) source file name, 2) HardLink name, # 3) SymLink name, 4) TestFile name sub DoHardLink($$$$$) { my ($et, $src, $hardLink, $symLink, $testName) = @_; if (defined $hardLink) { $hardLink = NextUnusedFilename($hardLink); if ($et->SetFileName($src, $hardLink, 'Link') > 0) { $countLink{Hard} = ($countLink{Hard} || 0) + 1; } else { $countLink{BadHard} = ($countLink{BadHard} || 0) + 1; } } if (defined $symLink) { $symLink = NextUnusedFilename($symLink); if ($et->SetFileName($src, $symLink, 'SymLink') > 0) { $countLink{Sym} = ($countLink{Sym} || 0) + 1; } else { $countLink{BadSym} = ($countLink{BadSym} || 0) + 1; } } if (defined $testName) { $testName = NextUnusedFilename($testName, $src); if ($usedFileName{$testName}) { $et->Warn("File '${testName}' would exist"); } elsif ($et->SetFileName($src, $testName, 'Test', $usedFileName{$testName}) == 1) { $usedFileName{$testName} = 1; $usedFileName{$src} = 0; } } } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Clean string for XML (also removes invalid control chars and malformed UTF-8) # Inputs: 0) string ref # Returns: nothing, but input string is escaped sub CleanXML($) { my $strPt = shift; # translate control characters that are invalid in XML $$strPt =~ tr/\0-\x08\x0b\x0c\x0e-\x1f/./; # fix malformed UTF-8 characters Image::ExifTool::XMP::FixUTF8($strPt) unless $altEnc; # escape necessary characters for XML $$strPt = Image::ExifTool::XMP::EscapeXML($$strPt); } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Encode string for XML # Inputs: 0) string ref # Returns: encoding used (and input string is translated) sub EncodeXML($) { my $strPt = shift; if ($$strPt =~ /[\0-\x08\x0b\x0c\x0e-\x1f]/ or (not $altEnc and Image::ExifTool::XMP::IsUTF8($strPt) < 0)) { # encode binary data and non-UTF8 with special characters as base64 $$strPt = Image::ExifTool::XMP::EncodeBase64($$strPt); # #ATV = Alexander Vonk, private communication return 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#base64Binary'; #ATV } elsif ($escapeHTML) { $$strPt = Image::ExifTool::HTML::EscapeHTML($$strPt, $altEnc); } else { $$strPt = Image::ExifTool::XMP::EscapeXML($$strPt); } return ''; # not encoded } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Format value for XML output # Inputs: 0) value, 1) indentation, 2) group # Returns: formatted value sub FormatXML($$$) { local $_; my ($val, $ind, $grp) = @_; my $gt = '>'; if (ref $val eq 'ARRAY') { # convert ARRAY into an rdf:Bag my $val2 = "\n$ind <rdf:Bag>"; foreach (@$val) { $val2 .= "\n$ind <rdf:li" . FormatXML($_, "$ind ", $grp) . "</rdf:li>"; } $val = "$val2\n$ind </rdf:Bag>\n$ind"; } elsif (ref $val eq 'HASH') { $gt = " rdf:parseType='Resource'>"; my $val2 = ''; my @keys = $$val{_ordered_keys_} ? @{$$val{_ordered_keys_}} : sort keys %$val; foreach (@keys) { # (some variable-namespace XML structure fields may have a different group) my $tok = /:/ ? $_ : ($grp . ':' . $_); $val2 .= "\n$ind <$tok" . FormatXML($$val{$_}, "$ind ", $grp) . "</$tok>"; } $val = "$val2\n$ind"; } else { # (note: SCALAR reference should have already been converted) my $enc = EncodeXML(\$val); $gt = " rdf:datatype='${enc}'>\n" if $enc; #ATV } return $gt . $val; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Escape string for JSON or PHP # Inputs: 0) string, 1) flag to force numbers to be quoted too # Returns: Escaped string (quoted if necessary) sub EscapeJSON($;$) { my ($str, $quote) = @_; unless ($quote) { # JSON boolean (true or false) return lc($str) if $str =~ /^(true|false)$/i and $json < 2; # JSON/PHP number (see json.org for numerical format) # return $str if $str =~ /^-?(\d|[1-9]\d+)(\.\d+)?(e[-+]?\d+)?$/i; # (these big numbers caused problems for some JSON parsers, so be more conservative) return $str if $str =~ /^-?(\d|[1-9]\d{1,14})(\.\d{1,16})?(e[-+]?\d{1,3})?$/i; } # encode JSON string in base64 if necessary if ($json < 2 and defined $binaryOutput and Image::ExifTool::XMP::IsUTF8(\$str) < 0) { return '"base64:' . Image::ExifTool::XMP::EncodeBase64($str, 1) . '"'; } # escape special characters $str =~ s/(["\t\n\r\\])/\\$jsonChar{$1}/sg; if ($json < 2) { # JSON $str =~ tr/\0//d; # remove all nulls # escape other control characters with \u $str =~ s/([\0-\x1f])/sprintf("\\u%.4X",ord $1)/sge; # JSON strings must be valid UTF8 Image::ExifTool::XMP::FixUTF8(\$str) unless $altEnc; } else { # PHP $str =~ s/\0+$// unless $isBinary; # remove trailing nulls unless binary # must escape "$" too for PHP $str =~ s/\$/\\\$/sg; # escape other control characters with \x $str =~ s/([\0-\x1f])/sprintf("\\x%.2X",ord $1)/sge; } return '"' . $str . '"'; # return the quoted string } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Print JSON or PHP value # Inputs: 0) file reference, 1) value, 2) indentation sub FormatJSON($$$) { local $_; my ($fp, $val, $ind) = @_; my $comma; if (not ref $val) { print $fp EscapeJSON($val); } elsif (ref $val eq 'ARRAY') { if ($joinLists and not ref $$val[0]) { print $fp EscapeJSON(join $listSep, @$val); } else { my ($bra, $ket) = $json == 1 ? ('[',']') : ('Array(',')'); print $fp $bra; foreach (@$val) { print $fp ',' if $comma; FormatJSON($fp, $_, $ind); $comma = 1, } print $fp $ket, } } elsif (ref $val eq 'HASH') { my ($bra, $ket, $sep) = $json == 1 ? ('{','}',':') : ('Array(',')',' =>'); print $fp $bra; my @keys = $$val{_ordered_keys_} ? @{$$val{_ordered_keys_}} : sort keys %$val; foreach (@keys) { print $fp ',' if $comma; my $key = EscapeJSON($_, 1); print $fp qq(\n$ind $key$sep ); # hack to force decimal id's to be printed as strings with -H if ($showTagID and $_ eq 'id' and $showTagID eq 'H' and $$val{$_} =~ /^\d+\.\d+$/) { print $fp qq{"$$val{$_}"}; } else { FormatJSON($fp, $$val{$_}, "$ind "); } $comma = 1, } print $fp "\n$ind$ket", } else { # (note: SCALAR reference should have already been converted) print $fp '"<err>"'; } } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Format value for CSV file # Inputs: value # Returns: value quoted if necessary sub FormatCSV($) { my $val = shift; # check for valid encoding if the Charset option was used if ($setCharset and ($val =~ /[^\x09\x0a\x0d\x20-\x7e\x80-\xff]/ or ($setCharset eq 'UTF8' and Image::ExifTool::XMP::IsUTF8(\$val) < 0))) { $val = 'base64:' . Image::ExifTool::XMP::EncodeBase64($val, 1); } # currently, there is a chance that the value may contain NULL characters unless # the -b option is used to encode as Base64. It is unclear whether or not this # is valid CSV, but some readers may not like it. (If this becomes a problem, # in the future values may need to be truncated at the first NULL character.) $val = qq{"$val"} if $val =~ s/"/""/g or $val =~ /(^\s+|\s+$)/ or $val =~ /[\n\r]|\Q$csvDelim/; return $val; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Print accumulated CSV information sub PrintCSV() { my ($file, $lcTag, @tags); @csvTags or @csvTags = sort keys %csvTags; # make a list of tags actually found foreach $lcTag (@csvTags) { push @tags, FormatCSV($csvTags{$lcTag}) if $csvTags{$lcTag}; } print join($csvDelim, 'SourceFile', @tags), "\n"; my $empty = defined($forcePrint) ? $forcePrint : ''; foreach $file (@csvFiles) { my @vals = (FormatCSV($file)); # start with full file name my $csvInfo = $database{$file}; foreach $lcTag (@csvTags) { next unless $csvTags{$lcTag}; my $val = $$csvInfo{$lcTag}; defined $val or push(@vals,$empty), next; push @vals, FormatCSV($val); } print join($csvDelim, @vals), "\n"; } } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Add tag groups from structure fields to a list # Inputs: 0) tag value, 1) parent group, 2) group hash ref, 3) group list ref sub AddGroups($$$$) { my ($val, $grp, $groupHash, $groupList) = @_; my ($key, $val2); if (ref $val eq 'HASH') { foreach $key (sort keys %$val) { if ($key =~ /(.*?):/ and not $$groupHash{$1}) { $$groupHash{$1} = $grp; push @$groupList, $1; } AddGroups($$val{$key}, $grp, $groupHash, $groupList) if ref $$val{$key}; } } elsif (ref $val eq 'ARRAY') { foreach $val2 (@$val) { AddGroups($val2, $grp, $groupHash, $groupList) if ref $val2; } } } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Convert binary data (SCALAR references) for printing # Inputs: 0) object reference # Returns: converted object, or undef if we don't want binary objects sub ConvertBinary($) { my $obj = shift; my ($key, $val); if (ref $obj eq 'HASH') { foreach $key (keys %$obj) { next unless ref $$obj{$key}; $$obj{$key} = ConvertBinary($$obj{$key}); return undef unless defined $$obj{$key}; } } elsif (ref $obj eq 'ARRAY') { foreach $val (@$obj) { next unless ref $val; $val = ConvertBinary($val); return undef unless defined $val; } } elsif (ref $obj eq 'SCALAR') { return undef if $noBinary; # (binaryOutput flag is set to 0 for binary mode of XML/PHP/JSON output formats) if (defined $binaryOutput) { $obj = $$obj; # encode in base64 if necessary (0xf7 allows for up to 21-bit UTF-8 code space) if ($json == 1 and ($obj =~ /[^\x09\x0a\x0d\x20-\x7e\x80-\xf7]/ or Image::ExifTool::XMP::IsUTF8(\$obj) < 0)) { $obj = 'base64:' . Image::ExifTool::XMP::EncodeBase64($obj, 1); } } else { # (-b is not valid for HTML output) my $bOpt = $html ? '' : ', use -b option to extract'; if ($$obj =~ /^Binary data \d+ bytes$/) { $obj = "($$obj$bOpt)"; } else { $obj = '(Binary data ' . length($$obj) . " bytes$bOpt)"; } } } return $obj; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Compare ValueConv and PrintConv values of a tag to see if they are equal # Inputs: 0) value1, 1) value2 # Returns: true if they are equal sub IsEqual($$) { my ($a, $b) = @_; # (scalar values are not print-converted) return 1 if $a eq $b or ref $a eq 'SCALAR'; if (ref $a eq 'HASH' and ref $b eq 'HASH') { return 0 if scalar(keys %$a) != scalar(keys %$b); my $key; foreach $key (keys %$a) { return 0 unless IsEqual($$a{$key}, $$b{$key}); } } else { return 0 if ref $a ne 'ARRAY' or ref $b ne 'ARRAY' or @$a != @$b; my $i; for ($i=0; $i<scalar(@$a); ++$i) { return 0 unless IsEqual($$a[$i], $$b[$i]); } } return 1; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Add tag list for copying tags from specified file # Inputs: 0) set tags file name (or FMT), 1) options for SetNewValuesFromFile() # Returns: nothing # Notes: Uses global variables: %setTags, %setTagsList, @newValues, $saveCount sub AddSetTagsFile($;$) { my ($setFile, $opts) = @_; if ($setTags{$setFile}) { # move these tags aside and make a new list for the next invocation of this file $setTagsList{$setFile} or $setTagsList{$setFile} = [ ]; push @{$setTagsList{$setFile}}, $setTags{$setFile}; } $setTags{$setFile} = []; # create list for tags to copy from this file # insert marker to save new values now (necessary even if this is not a dynamic # file in case the same file is source'd multiple times in a single command) push @newValues, { SaveCount => ++$saveCount }, "TagsFromFile=$setFile"; # add option to protect the tags which are assigned after this # (this is the mechanism by which the command-line order-of-operations is preserved) $opts or $opts = { }; $$opts{ProtectSaved} = $saveCount; push @{$setTags{$setFile}}, $opts; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Get input file name or reference for calls to the ExifTool API # Inputs: 0) file name ('-' for STDIN), 1) flag to buffer STDIN # Returns: file name, or RAF reference for buffering STDIN sub Infile($;$) { my ($file, $bufferStdin) = @_; if ($file eq '-' and ($bufferStdin or $rafStdin)) { if ($rafStdin) { $rafStdin->Seek(0); # rewind } elsif (open RAF_STDIN, '-') { $rafStdin = new File::RandomAccess(\*RAF_STDIN); $rafStdin->BinMode(); } return $rafStdin if $rafStdin; } return $file; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Set new values from file # Inputs: 0) exiftool ref, 1) filename, 2) reference to list of values to set # Returns: 0 on error (and increments $countBadWr) sub DoSetFromFile($$$) { local $_; my ($et, $file, $setTags) = @_; $verbose and print $vout "Setting new values from $file\n"; my $info = $et->SetNewValuesFromFile(Infile($file,1), @$setTags); my $numSet = scalar(keys %$info); if ($$info{Error}) { # delete all error and warning tags my @warns = grep /^(Error|Warning)\b/, keys %$info; $numSet -= scalar(@warns); # issue a warning for the main error only if we were able to set some tags if (keys(%$info) > @warns) { my $err = $$info{Error}; delete $$info{$_} foreach @warns; $$info{Warning} = $err; } } elsif ($$info{Warning}) { my $warns = 1; ++$warns while $$info{"Warning ($warns)"}; $numSet -= $warns; } PrintErrors($et, $info, $file) and EFile($file), ++$countBadWr, return 0; Warn "Warning: No writable tags set from $file\n" unless $numSet; return 1; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Translate backslashes to forward slashes in filename if necessary # Inputs: 0) Filename # Returns: nothing, but changes filename if necessary sub CleanFilename($) { $_[0] =~ tr/\\/\// if $hasBackslash{$^O}; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Check for valid UTF-8 of a file name # Inputs: 0) string, 1) original encoding # Returns: 0=plain ASCII, 1=valid UTF-8, -1=invalid UTF-8 (and print warning) sub CheckUTF8($$) { my ($file, $enc) = @_; my $isUTF8 = 0; if ($file =~ /[\x80-\xff]/) { require Image::ExifTool::XMP; $isUTF8 = Image::ExifTool::XMP::IsUTF8(\$file); if ($isUTF8 < 0) { if ($enc) { Warn("Invalid filename encoding for $file\n"); } elsif (not defined $enc) { WarnOnce(qq{FileName encoding not specified. Use "-charset FileName=CHARSET"\n}); } } } return $isUTF8; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Set window title # Inputs: title string or '' to reset title sub SetWindowTitle($) { my $title = shift; if ($curTitle ne $title) { $curTitle = $title; if ($^O eq 'MSWin32') { $title =~ s/([&\/\?:|"<>])/^$1/g; # escape special chars eval { system qq{title $title} }; } else { # (this only works for XTerm terminals, and STDERR must go to the console) printf STDERR "\033]0;%s\007", $title; } } } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Process files in our @files list # Inputs: 0) ExifTool ref, 1) list ref to just return full file names sub ProcessFiles($;$) { my ($et, $list) = @_; my $enc = $et->Options('CharsetFileName'); my $file; foreach $file (@files) { $et->Options(CharsetFileName => 'UTF8') if $utf8FileName{$file}; if (defined $progressMax) { ++$progressCount; $progStr = " [$progressCount/$progressMax]" if $progress; } if ($et->IsDirectory($file) and not $listDir) { $multiFile = $validFile = 1; ScanDir($et, $file, $list); } elsif ($filterFlag and not AcceptFile($file)) { if ($et->Exists($file)) { $filtered = 1; $verbose and print $vout "-------- $file (wrong extension)$progStr\n"; } else { Warn "Error: File not found - $file\n"; FileNotFound($file); $rtnVal = 1; } } else { $validFile = 1; if ($list) { push(@$list, $file); } else { if (%endDir) { my ($d, $f) = Image::ExifTool::SplitFileName($file); next if $endDir{$d}; } GetImageInfo($et, $file); $end and Warn("End called - $file\n"); if ($endDir) { Warn("EndDir called - $file\n"); my ($d, $f) = Image::ExifTool::SplitFileName($file); $endDir{$d} = 1; undef $endDir; } } } $et->Options(CharsetFileName => $enc) if $utf8FileName{$file}; last if $end; } } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Scan directory for image files # Inputs: 0) ExifTool ref, 1) directory name, 2) list ref to return file names sub ScanDir($$;$) { local $_; my ($et, $dir, $list) = @_; my (@fileList, $done, $file, $utf8Name, $winSurrogate, $endThisDir); my $enc = $et->Options('CharsetFileName'); # recode as UTF-8 if necessary if ($enc) { unless ($enc eq 'UTF8') { $dir = $et->Decode($dir, $enc, undef, 'UTF8'); $et->Options(CharsetFileName => 'UTF8'); # now using UTF8 } $utf8Name = 1; } return if $ignore{$dir}; my $oldBase = $seqFileBase; $seqFileBase = $seqFileNum; # use Win32::FindFile on Windows if available # (ReadDir will croak if there is a wildcard, so check for this) if ($^O eq 'MSWin32' and $dir !~ /[*?]/) { undef $evalWarning; local $SIG{'__WARN__'} = sub { $evalWarning = $_[0] };; if (CheckUTF8($dir, $enc) >= 0) { if (eval { require Win32::FindFile }) { eval { @fileList = Win32::FindFile::ReadDir($dir); $_ = $_->cFileName foreach @fileList; }; $@ and $evalWarning = $@; if ($evalWarning) { chomp $evalWarning; $evalWarning =~ s/ at .*//s; Warn "Warning: [Win32::FindFile] $evalWarning - $dir\n"; $winSurrogate = 1 if $evalWarning =~ /surrogate/; } else { $et->Options(CharsetFileName => 'UTF8'); # now using UTF8 $utf8Name = 1; # ReadDir returns UTF-8 file names $done = 1; } } else { $done = 0; } } } unless ($done) { # use standard perl library routines to read directory unless (opendir(DIR_HANDLE, $dir)) { Warn("Error opening directory $dir\n"); $seqFileBase = $oldBase + ($seqFileNum - $seqFileBase); return; } @fileList = readdir(DIR_HANDLE); closedir(DIR_HANDLE); if (defined $done) { # issue warning if some names would have required Win32::FindFile foreach $file ($dir, @fileList) { next unless $file =~ /[\?\x80-\xff]/; WarnOnce("Install Win32::FindFile to support Windows Unicode file names in directories\n"); last; } } } $dir =~ /\/$/ or $dir .= '/'; # make sure directory name ends with '/' foreach $file (@fileList) { my $path = "$dir$file"; if ($et->IsDirectory($path)) { next unless $recurse; # ignore directories starting with "." by default next if $file =~ /^\./ and ($recurse == 1 or $file eq '.' or $file eq '..'); next if $ignore{$file} or ($ignore{SYMLINKS} and -l $path); ScanDir($et, $path, $list); last if $end; next; } next if $endThisDir; next if $ignoreHidden and $file =~ /^\./; # ignore hidden files if specified # apply rules from -ext options my $accepted; if ($filterFlag) { $accepted = AcceptFile($file) or next; # must be specifically accepted to bypass selection logic $accepted &= 0x01; } unless ($accepted) { # read/write this file if it is a supported type if ($scanWritable) { if ($scanWritable eq '1') { next unless CanWrite($file); } else { my $type = GetFileType($file); next unless defined $type and $type eq $scanWritable; } } elsif (not GetFileType($file)) { next unless $doUnzip; next unless $file =~ /\.(gz|bz2)$/i; } } # Windows patch to avoid replacing filename containing Unicode surrogate with 8.3 name if ($winSurrogate and $isWriting and (not $overwriteOrig or $overwriteOrig != 2) and not $doSetFileName and $file =~ /~/) # (8.3 name will contain a tilde) { Warn("Not writing $path\n"); WarnOnce("Use -overwrite_original_in_place to write files with Unicode surrogate characters\n"); EFile($file); ++$countBad; next; } $utf8FileName{$path} = 1 if $utf8Name; if ($list) { push(@$list, $path); } else { GetImageInfo($et, $path); if ($end) { Warn("End called - $file\n"); last; } if ($endDir) { $path =~ s(/$)(); Warn("EndDir called - $path\n"); $endDir{$path} = 1; $endThisDir = 1; undef $endDir; } } } ++$countDir; $et->Options(CharsetFileName => $enc); # restore original setting # update sequential file base for parent directory $seqFileBase = $oldBase + ($seqFileNum - $seqFileBase); } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Find files with wildcard expression on Windows # Inputs: 0) ExifTool ref, 1) file name with wildcards # Returns: list of matching file names # Notes: # 1) Win32::FindFile must already be loaded # 2) Sets flag in %utf8FileName for each file found sub FindFileWindows($$) { my ($et, $wildfile) = @_; # recode file name as UTF-8 if necessary my $enc = $et->Options('CharsetFileName'); $wildfile = $et->Decode($wildfile, $enc, undef, 'UTF8') if $enc and $enc ne 'UTF8'; $wildfile =~ tr/\\/\//; # use forward slashes my ($dir, $wildname) = ($wildfile =~ m{(.*[:/])(.*)}) ? ($1, $2) : ('', $wildfile); if ($dir =~ /[*?]/) { Warn "Wildcards don't work in the directory specification\n"; return (); } CheckUTF8($wildfile, $enc) >= 0 or return (); undef $evalWarning; local $SIG{'__WARN__'} = sub { $evalWarning = $_[0] }; my @files; eval { my @names = Win32::FindFile::FindFile($wildfile) or return; # (apparently this isn't always sorted, so do a case-insensitive sort here) @names = sort { uc($a) cmp uc($b) } @names; my ($rname, $nm); # replace "\?" with ".", and "\*" with ".*" for regular expression ($rname = quotemeta $wildname) =~ s/\\\?/./g; $rname =~ s/\\\*/.*/g; foreach $nm (@names) { $nm = $nm->cFileName; # make sure that FindFile behaves # (otherwise "*.jpg" matches things like "a.jpg_original"!) next unless $nm =~ /^$rname$/i; next if $nm eq '.' or $nm eq '..'; # don't match "." and ".." my $file = "$dir$nm"; # add back directory name push @files, $file; $utf8FileName{$file} = 1; # flag this file name as UTF-8 encoded } }; $@ and $evalWarning = $@; if ($evalWarning) { chomp $evalWarning; $evalWarning =~ s/ at .*//s; Warn "Error: [Win32::FindFile] $evalWarning - $wildfile\n"; undef @files; EFile($wildfile); ++$countBad; } return @files; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Handle missing file on the command line # Inputs: 0) file name sub FileNotFound($) { my $file = shift; if ($file =~ /^(DIR|FILE)$/) { my $type = { DIR => 'directory', FILE => 'file' }->{$file}; Warn qq{You were meant to enter any valid $type name, not "$file" literally.\n}; } } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Patch for OS X 10.6 to preserve file modify date # (this probably isn't a 100% fix, but it may solve a majority of the cases) sub PreserveTime() { local $_; $mt->SetFileTime($_, @{$preserveTime{$_}}) foreach keys %preserveTime; undef %preserveTime; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Return absolute path for a file # Inputs: 0) file name # Returns: absolute path string, or undef if path could not be determined # Note: Warnings should be suppressed when calling this routine sub AbsPath($) { my $file = shift; my $path; if (defined $file and eval { require Cwd }) { $path = eval { Cwd::abs_path($file) }; # make the delimiters and case consistent # (abs_path is very inconsistent about what it returns in Windows) if (defined $path and $hasBackslash{$^O}) { $path =~ tr/\\/\//; $path = lc $path; } } return $path; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Convert file name to ExifTool Charset # Inputs: 0) ExifTool ref, 1) file name in CharsetFileName # Returns: file name in ExifTool Charset sub MyConvertFileName($$) { my ($et, $file) = @_; my $enc = $et->Options('CharsetFileName'); $et->Options(CharsetFileName => 'UTF8') if $utf8FileName{$file}; my $convFile = $et->ConvertFileName($file); $et->Options(CharsetFileName => $enc) if $utf8FileName{$file}; return $convFile; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Add print format entry # Inputs: 0) expression string sub AddPrintFormat($) { my $expr = shift; my $type; if ($expr =~ /^#/) { $expr =~ s/^#\[(HEAD|SECT|IF|BODY|ENDS|TAIL)\]// or return; # ignore comments $type = $1; } else { $type = 'BODY'; } $printFmt{$type} or $printFmt{$type} = [ ]; push @{$printFmt{$type}}, $expr; # add to list of requested tags push @requestTags, $expr =~ /\$\{?((?:[-\w]+:)*[-\w?*]+)/g; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Get suggested file extension based on tag value for binary output # Inputs: 0) ExifTool ref, 1) data ref, 2) tag name # Returns: file extension (lower case), or 'dat' if unknown sub SuggestedExtension($$$) { my ($et, $valPt, $tag) = @_; my $ext; if (not $binaryOutput) { $ext = 'txt'; } elsif ($$valPt =~ /^\xff\xd8\xff/) { $ext = 'jpg'; } elsif ($$valPt =~ /^(\0\0\0\x0cjP( |\x1a\x1a)\x0d\x0a\x87\x0a|\xff\x4f\xff\x51\0)/) { $ext = 'jp2'; } elsif ($$valPt =~ /^(\x89P|\x8aM|\x8bJ)NG\r\n\x1a\n/) { $ext = 'png'; } elsif ($$valPt =~ /^GIF8[79]a/) { $ext = 'gif'; } elsif ($$valPt =~ /^<\?xpacket/ or $tag eq 'XMP') { $ext = 'xmp'; } elsif ($$valPt =~ /^<\?xml/ or $tag eq 'XML') { $ext = 'xml'; } elsif ($$valPt =~ /^RIFF....WAVE/s) { $ext = 'wav'; } elsif ($tag eq 'OriginalRawImage' and defined($ext = $et->GetValue('OriginalRawFileName'))) { $ext =~ s/^.*\.//s; $ext = $ext ? lc($ext) : 'raw'; } elsif ($tag eq 'EXIF') { $ext = 'exif'; } elsif ($tag eq 'ICC_Profile') { $ext = 'icc'; } elsif ($$valPt =~ /^(MM\0\x2a|II\x2a\0)/) { $ext = 'tiff'; } elsif ($$valPt =~ /^.{4}ftyp(3gp|mp4|f4v|qt )/s) { my %movType = ( 'qt ' => 'mov' ); $ext = $movType{$1} || $1; } elsif ($$valPt !~ /^.{0,4096}\0/s) { $ext = 'txt'; } elsif ($$valPt =~ /^BM.{15}\0/s) { $ext = 'bmp'; } elsif ($$valPt =~ /^CANON OPTIONAL DATA\0/) { $ext = 'vrd'; } elsif ($$valPt =~ /^IIII\x04\0\x04\0/) { $ext = 'dr4'; } elsif ($$valPt =~ /^(.{10}|.{522})(\x11\x01|\x00\x11)/s) { $ext = 'pict'; } else { $ext = 'dat'; } return $ext; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Load print format file # Inputs: 0) file name # - saves lines of file to %printFmt list # - adds tag names to @tags list sub LoadPrintFormat($) { my $arg = shift; if (not defined $arg) { Error "Must specify file or expression for -p option\n"; } elsif ($arg !~ /\n/ and -f $arg and $mt->Open(\*FMT_FILE, $arg)) { foreach (<FMT_FILE>) { AddPrintFormat($_); } close(FMT_FILE); } else { AddPrintFormat($arg . "\n"); } } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # A sort of sprintf for filenames # Inputs: 0) format string (%d=dir, %f=file name, %e=ext), # 1) source filename or undef to test format string # 2-4) [%t %g %s %o only] tag name, ref to array of group names, # suggested extension, original raw file name # Returns: new filename or undef on error (or if no file and fmt contains token) sub FilenameSPrintf($;$@) { my ($fmt, $file, @extra) = @_; local $_; # return format string straight away if no tokens return $fmt unless $fmt =~ /%[-+]?\d*[.:]?\d*[lu]?[dDfFeEtgso]/; return undef unless defined $file; CleanFilename($file); # make sure we are using forward slashes # split filename into directory, file, extension my %part; @part{qw(d f E)} = ($file =~ /^(.*?)([^\/]*?)(\.[^.\/]*)?$/); defined $part{f} or Warn("Error: Bad pattern match for file $file\n"), return undef; if ($part{E}) { $part{e} = substr($part{E}, 1); } else { @part{qw(e E)} = ('', ''); } $part{F} = $part{f} . $part{E}; ($part{D} = $part{d}) =~ s{/+$}{}; @part{qw(t g s o)} = @extra; my ($filename, $pos) = ('', 0); while ($fmt =~ /(%([-+]?)(\d*)([.:]?)(\d*)([lu]?)([dDfFeEtgso]))/g) { $filename .= substr($fmt, $pos, pos($fmt) - $pos - length($1)); $pos = pos($fmt); my ($sign, $wid, $dot, $skip, $mod, $code) = ($2, $3, $4, $5 || 0, $6, $7); my (@path, $part, $len, $groups); if (lc $code eq 'd' and $dot and $dot eq ':') { # field width applies to directory levels instead of characters @path = split '/', $part{$code}; $len = scalar @path; } else { if ($code eq 'g') { $groups = $part{g} || [ ] unless defined $groups; $fmt =~ /\G(\d?)/g; # look for %g1, %g2, etc $part{g} = $$groups[$1 || 0]; $pos = pos($fmt); } $part{$code} = '' unless defined $part{$code}; $len = length $part{$code}; } next unless $skip < $len; $wid = $len - $skip if $wid eq '' or $wid + $skip > $len; $skip = $len - $wid - $skip if $sign eq '-'; if (@path) { $part = join('/', @path[$skip..($skip+$wid-1)]); $part .= '/' unless $code eq 'D'; } else { $part = substr($part{$code}, $skip, $wid); } $part = ($mod eq 'u') ? uc($part) : lc($part) if $mod; $filename .= $part; } $filename .= substr($fmt, $pos); # add rest of file name # remove double slashes (except at beginning to allow Windows UNC paths) $filename =~ s{(?!^)//}{/}g; return $filename; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Convert number to alphabetical index: a, b, c, ... z, aa, ab ... # Inputs: 0) number # Returns: alphabetical index string sub Num2Alpha($) { my $num = shift; my $alpha = chr(97 + ($num % 26)); while ($num >= 26) { $num = int($num / 26) - 1; $alpha = chr(97 + ($num % 26)) . $alpha; } return $alpha; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Expand '%c' and '%C' codes if filename to get next unused file name # Inputs: 0) file name format string, 1) filename ok to use even if it exists # Returns: new file name sub NextUnusedFilename($;$) { my ($fmt, $okfile) = @_; return $fmt unless $fmt =~ /%[-+]?\d*\.?\d*[lun]?[cC]/; my %sep = ( '-' => '-', '+' => '_' ); my ($copy, $alpha) = (0, 'a'); my $seq = $seqFileNum - 1; for (;;) { my ($filename, $pos) = ('', 0); while ($fmt =~ /(%([-+]?)(\d*)(\.?)(\d*)([lun]?)([cC]))/g) { $filename .= substr($fmt, $pos, pos($fmt) - $pos - length($1)); $pos = pos($fmt); my ($sign, $wid, $dec, $wid2, $mod, $tok) = ($2, $3 || 0, $4, $5 || 0, $6, $7); my $diff; if ($tok eq 'C') { $diff = $wid - ($sign eq '-' ? $seqFileBase : 0); $wid = $wid2; } else { next unless $dec or $copy; $wid = $wid2 if $wid < $wid2; # add dash or underline separator if '-' or '+' specified $filename .= $sep{$sign} if $sign; } if ($mod and $mod ne 'n') { my $a = $tok eq 'C' ? Num2Alpha($diff + $seq) : $alpha; my $str = ($wid and $wid > length $a) ? 'a' x ($wid - length($a)) : ''; $str .= $a; $str = uc $str if $mod eq 'u'; $filename .= $str; } else { my $c = $tok eq 'C' ? ($diff + $seq) : $copy; my $num = $c + ($mod ? 1 : 0); $filename .= $wid ? sprintf("%.${wid}d",$num) : $num; } } $filename .= substr($fmt, $pos); # add rest of file name # return now with filename unless file exists return $filename unless ($mt->Exists($filename) and not defined $usedFileName{$filename}) or $usedFileName{$filename}; if (defined $okfile) { return $filename if $filename eq $okfile; my ($fn, $ok) = (AbsPath($filename), AbsPath($okfile)); return $okfile if defined $fn and defined $ok and $fn eq $ok; } ++$copy; ++$alpha; ++$seq; } } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Create directory for specified file # Inputs: 0) complete file name including path # Returns: true if a directory was created my $k32CreateDir; sub CreateDirectory($) { my $file = shift; my ($dir, $created); ($dir = $file) =~ s/[^\/]*$//; # remove filename from path specification if ($dir and not $mt->IsDirectory($dir)) { my @parts = split /\//, $dir; $dir = ''; foreach (@parts) { $dir .= $_; if (length $dir and not $mt->IsDirectory($dir) and # don't try to create a network drive root directory not ($hasBackslash{$^O} and $dir =~ m{^//[^/]*$})) { my $success; # create directory since it doesn't exist my $d2 = $dir; # (must make a copy in case EncodeFileName recodes it) if ($mt->EncodeFileName($d2)) { # handle Windows Unicode directory names unless (eval { require Win32::API }) { Error('Install Win32::API to create directories with Unicode names'); return 0; } unless ($k32CreateDir) { $k32CreateDir = new Win32::API('KERNEL32', 'CreateDirectoryW', 'PP', 'I'); } $success = $k32CreateDir->Call($d2, 0) if $k32CreateDir; } else { $success = mkdir($d2, 0777); } $success or Error("Error creating directory $dir\n"), return 0; $verbose and print $vout "Created directory $dir\n"; $created = 1; } $dir .= '/'; } ++$countNewDir if $created; } return $created; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Open output text file # Inputs: 0) file name format string, 1-N) extra arguments for FilenameSPrintf # Returns: 0) file reference (or undef on error), 1) file name if opened, 2) append flag # Notes: returns reference to STDOUT and no file name if no textOut file needed sub OpenOutputFile($;@) { my ($file, @args) = @_; my ($fp, $outfile, $append); if ($textOut) { $outfile = $file; CleanFilename($outfile); if ($textOut =~ /%[-+]?\d*[.:]?\d*[lun]?[dDfFeEtgsocC]/ or defined $tagOut) { # make filename from printf-like $textOut $outfile = FilenameSPrintf($textOut, $file, @args); return () unless defined $outfile; $outfile = NextUnusedFilename($outfile); CreateDirectory($outfile); # create directory if necessary } else { $outfile =~ s/\.[^.\/]*$//; # remove extension if it exists $outfile .= $textOut; } my $mode = '>'; if ($mt->Exists($outfile)) { unless ($textOverwrite) { Warn "Output file $outfile already exists for $file\n"; return (); } if ($textOverwrite == 2 or ($textOverwrite == 3 and $created{$outfile})) { $mode = '>>'; $append = 1; } } unless ($mt->Open(\*OUTFILE, $outfile, $mode)) { my $what = $mode eq '>' ? 'creating' : 'appending to'; Error("Error $what $outfile\n"); return (); } binmode(OUTFILE) if $binaryOutput; $fp = \*OUTFILE; } else { $fp = \*STDOUT; } return($fp, $outfile, $append); } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Filter files based on extension # Inputs: 0) file name # Returns: 0 = rejected, 1 = specifically accepted, 2 = accepted by default # Notes: This routine should only be called if $filterFlag is set sub AcceptFile($) { my $file = shift; my $ext = ($file =~ /^.*\.(.+)$/s) ? uc($1) : ''; return $filterExt{$ext} if defined $filterExt{$ext}; return $filterExt{'*'} if defined $filterExt{'*'}; return 0 if $filterFlag & 0x02; # reject if accepting specific extensions return 2; # accept by default } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Slurp file into buffer # Inputs: 0) file name, 1) buffer reference # Returns: 1 on success sub SlurpFile($$) { my ($file, $buffPt) = @_; $mt->Open(\*INFILE, $file) or Warn("Error opening file $file\n"), return 0; binmode(INFILE); # (CAREFUL!: must clear buffer first to reset possible utf8 flag because the data # would be corrupted if it was read into a buffer which had the utf8 flag set!) undef $$buffPt; my $bsize = 1024 * 1024; my $num = read(INFILE, $$buffPt, $bsize); unless (defined $num) { close(INFILE); Warn("Error reading $file\n"); return 0; } my $bmax = 64 * $bsize; while ($num == $bsize) { $bsize *= 2 if $bsize < $bmax; my $buff; $num = read(INFILE, $buff, $bsize); last unless $num; $$buffPt .= $buff; } close(INFILE); return 1; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Filter argfile line # Inputs: 0) line of argfile # Returns: filtered line or undef to ignore sub FilterArgfileLine($) { my $arg = shift; if ($arg =~ /^#/) { # comment lines begin with '#' return undef unless $arg =~ s/^#\[CSTR\]//; $arg =~ s/[\x0d\x0a]+$//s; # remove trailing newline # escape double quotes, dollar signs and ampersands if they aren't already # escaped by an odd number of backslashes, and escape a single backslash # if it occurs at the end of the string $arg =~ s{\\(.)|(["\$\@]|\\$)}{'\\'.($2 || $1)}sge; # un-escape characters in C string my %esc = ( a => "\a", b => "\b", f => "\f", n => "\n", r => "\r", t => "\t", '"' => '"', '\\' => '\\' ); $arg =~ s/\\(.)/$esc{$1}||'\\'.$1/egs; } else { $arg =~ s/^\s+//; # remove leading white space $arg =~ s/[\x0d\x0a]+$//s; # remove trailing newline # remove white space before, and single space after '=', '+=', '-=' or '<=' $arg =~ s/^(-[-:\w]+#?)\s*([-+<]?=) ?/$1$2/; return undef if $arg eq ''; } return $arg; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Read arguments from -stay_open argfile # Inputs: 0) argument list ref # Notes: blocks until -execute, -stay_open or -@ option is available # (or until there was an error reading from the file) sub ReadStayOpen($) { my $args = shift; my (@newArgs, $processArgs, $result, $optArgs); my $lastOpt = ''; my $unparsed = length $stayOpenBuff; for (;;) { if ($unparsed) { # parse data already read from argfile $result = $unparsed; undef $unparsed; } else { # read more data from argfile # - this read may block (which is good) if reading from a pipe $result = sysread(STAYOPEN, $stayOpenBuff, 65536, length($stayOpenBuff)); } if ($result) { my $pos = 0; while ($stayOpenBuff =~ /\n/g) { my $len = pos($stayOpenBuff) - $pos; my $arg = substr($stayOpenBuff, $pos, $len); $pos += $len; $arg = FilterArgfileLine($arg); next unless defined $arg; push @newArgs, $arg; if ($optArgs) { # this is an argument for the last option undef $optArgs; next unless $lastOpt eq '-stay_open' or $lastOpt eq '-@'; } else { $optArgs = $optArgs{$arg}; $lastOpt = lc $arg; $optArgs = $optArgs{$lastOpt} unless defined $optArgs; next unless $lastOpt =~ /^-execute\d*$/; } $processArgs = 1; last; # process arguments up to this point } next unless $pos; # nothing to do if we didn't read any arguments # keep unprocessed data in buffer $stayOpenBuff = substr($stayOpenBuff, $pos); if ($processArgs) { # process new arguments after -execute or -stay_open option unshift @$args, @newArgs; last; } } elsif ($result == 0) { # sysread() didn't block (eg. when reading from a file), # so wait for a short time (1/100 sec) then try again # Note: may break out of this early if SIGCONT is received select(undef,undef,undef,0.01); } else { Warn "Error reading from ARGFILE\n"; close STAYOPEN; $stayOpen = 0; last; } } } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Add new entry to -efile output file # Inputs: 0) file name, 1) -efile option number (0=error, 1=same, 2=failed) sub EFile($$) { my $entry = shift; my $efile = $efile[shift || 0]; if (defined $efile and length $entry and $entry ne '-') { my $err; CreateDirectory($efile); if ($mt->Open(\*EFILE_FILE, $efile, '>>')) { print EFILE_FILE $entry, "\n" or Warn("Error writing to $efile\n"), $err = 1; close EFILE_FILE; } else { Warn("Error opening '${efile}' for append\n"); $err = 1; } if ($err) { defined $_ and $_ eq $efile and undef $_ foreach @efile; } } } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Print list of tags # Inputs: 0) message, 1-N) list of tag names sub PrintTagList($@) { my $msg = shift; print $msg, ":\n" unless $quiet; my $tag; if ($outFormat < 0 and $msg =~ /file extensions$/ and @_) { foreach $tag (@_) { printf(" %-11s %s\n", $tag, GetFileType($tag, 1)); } return; } my ($len, $pad) = (0, $quiet ? '' : ' '); foreach $tag (@_) { my $taglen = length($tag); if ($len + $taglen > 77) { print "\n"; ($len, $pad) = (0, $quiet ? '' : ' '); } print $pad, $tag; $len += $taglen + 1; $pad = ' '; } @_ or print $pad, '[empty list]'; print "\n"; } #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Print warnings and errors from info hash # Inputs: 0) ExifTool object ref, 1) info hash, 2) file name # Returns: true if there was an Error sub PrintErrors($$$) { my ($et, $info, $file) = @_; my ($tag, $key); foreach $tag (qw(Warning Error)) { next unless $$info{$tag}; my @keys = ( $tag ); push @keys, sort(grep /^$tag /, keys %$info) if $et->Options('Duplicates'); foreach $key (@keys) { Warn "$tag: $info->{$key} - $file\n"; } } return $$info{Error}; } __END__ =head1 NAME exiftool - Read and write meta information in files =head1 SYNOPSIS =head2 Reading B<exiftool> [I<OPTIONS>] [-I<TAG>...] [--I<TAG>...] I<FILE>... =head2 Writing B<exiftool> [I<OPTIONS>] -I<TAG>[+-E<lt>]=[I<VALUE>]... I<FILE>... =head2 Copying B<exiftool> [I<OPTIONS>] B<-tagsFromFile> I<SRCFILE> [-[I<DSTTAG>E<lt>]I<SRCTAG>...] I<FILE>... =head2 Other B<exiftool> [ B<-ver> | B<-list>[B<w>|B<f>|B<r>|B<wf>|B<g>[I<NUM>]|B<d>|B<x>] ] For specific examples, see the L<EXAMPLES|/READING EXAMPLES> sections below. This documentation is displayed if exiftool is run without an input I<FILE> when one is expected. =head1 DESCRIPTION A command-line interface to L<Image::ExifTool|Image::ExifTool>, used for reading and writing meta information in a variety of file types. I<FILE> is one or more source file names, directory names, or C<-> for the standard input. Metadata is read from source files and printed in readable form to the console (or written to output text files with B<-w>). To write or delete metadata, tag values are assigned using -I<TAG>=[I<VALUE>], and/or the B<-geotag>, B<-csv=> or B<-json=> options. To copy or move metadata, the B<-tagsFromFile> feature is used. By default the original files are preserved with C<_original> appended to their names -- be sure to verify that the new files are OK before erasing the originals. Once in write mode, exiftool will ignore any read-specific options. Note: If I<FILE> is a directory name then only supported file types in the directory are processed (in write mode only writable types are processed). However, files may be specified by name, or the B<-ext> option may be used to force processing of files with any extension. Hidden files in the directory are also processed. Adding the B<-r> option causes subdirectories to be processed recursively, but subdirectories with names beginning with "." are skipped unless B<-r.> is used. Below is a list of file types and meta information formats currently supported by ExifTool (r = read, w = write, c = create): File Types ------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+------------ 360 r/w | DR4 r/w/c | JNG r/w | O r | RAW r/w 3FR r | DSS r | JP2 r/w | ODP r | RIFF r 3G2 r/w | DV r | JPEG r/w | ODS r | RSRC r 3GP r/w | DVB r/w | JSON r | ODT r | RTF r A r | DVR-MS r | JXL r | OFR r | RW2 r/w AA r | DYLIB r | K25 r | OGG r | RWL r/w AAE r | EIP r | KDC r | OGV r | RWZ r AAX r/w | EPS r/w | KEY r | ONP r | RM r ACR r | EPUB r | LA r | OPUS r | SEQ r AFM r | ERF r/w | LFP r | ORF r/w | SKETCH r AI r/w | EXE r | LIF r | ORI r/w | SO r AIFF r | EXIF r/w/c | LNK r | OTF r | SR2 r/w APE r | EXR r | LRV r/w | PAC r | SRF r ARQ r/w | EXV r/w/c | M2TS r | PAGES r | SRW r/w ARW r/w | F4A/V r/w | M4A/V r/w | PBM r/w | SVG r ASF r | FFF r/w | MACOS r | PCD r | SWF r AVI r | FITS r | MAX r | PCX r | THM r/w AVIF r/w | FLA r | MEF r/w | PDB r | TIFF r/w AZW r | FLAC r | MIE r/w/ | PDF r/w | TORRENT r BMP r | FLIF r/w | MIFF r c | PEF r/w | TTC r BPG r | FLV r | MKA r | PFA r | TTF r BTF r | FPF r | MKS r | PFB r | TXT r CHM r | FPX r | MKV r | PFM r | VCF r COS r | GIF r/w | MNG r/w | PGF r | VRD r/w/c CR2 r/w | GPR r/w | MOBI r | PGM r/w | VSD r CR3 r/w | GZ r | MODD r | PLIST r | WAV r CRM r/w | HDP r/w | MOI r | PICT r | WDP r/w CRW r/w | HDR r | MOS r/w | PMP r | WEBP r CS1 r/w | HEIC r/w | MOV r/w | PNG r/w | WEBM r CSV r | HEIF r/w | MP3 r | PPM r/w | WMA r CZI r | HTML r | MP4 r/w | PPT r | WMV r DCM r | ICC r/w/c | MPC r | PPTX r | WTV r DCP r/w | ICS r | MPG r | PS r/w | WV r DCR r | IDML r | MPO r/w | PSB r/w | X3F r/w DFONT r | IIQ r/w | MQV r/w | PSD r/w | XCF r DIVX r | IND r/w | MRC r | PSP r | XLS r DJVU r | INSP r/w | MRW r/w | QTIF r/w | XLSX r DLL r | INSV r | MXF r | R3D r | XMP r/w/c DNG r/w | INX r | NEF r/w | RA r | ZIP r DOC r | ISO r | NKSC r/w | RAF r/w | DOCX r | ITC r | NRW r/w | RAM r | DPX r | J2C r | NUMBERS r | RAR r | Meta Information ----------------------+----------------------+--------------------- EXIF r/w/c | CIFF r/w | Ricoh RMETA r GPS r/w/c | AFCP r/w | Picture Info r IPTC r/w/c | Kodak Meta r/w | Adobe APP14 r XMP r/w/c | FotoStation r/w | MPF r MakerNotes r/w/c | PhotoMechanic r/w | Stim r Photoshop IRB r/w/c | JPEG 2000 r | DPX r ICC Profile r/w/c | DICOM r | APE r MIE r/w/c | Flash r | Vorbis r JFIF r/w/c | FlashPix r | SPIFF r Ducky APP12 r/w/c | QuickTime r | DjVu r PDF r/w/c | Matroska r | M2TS r PNG r/w/c | MXF r | PE/COFF r Canon VRD r/w/c | PrintIM r | AVCHD r Nikon Capture r/w/c | FLAC r | ZIP r GeoTIFF r/w/c | ID3 r | (and more) =head1 OPTIONS Case is not significant for any command-line option (including tag and group names), except for single-character options when the corresponding upper-case option exists. Many single-character options have equivalent long-name versions (shown in brackets), and some options have inverses which are invoked with a leading double-dash. Unrecognized options are interpreted as tag names (for this reason, multiple single-character options may NOT be combined into one argument). Contrary to standard practice, options may appear after source file names on the exiftool command line. =head2 Option Overview L<Tag operations|/Tag operations> -TAG or --TAG Extract or exclude specified tag -TAG[+-^]=[VALUE] Write new value for tag -TAG[+-]<=DATFILE Write tag value from contents of file -TAG[+-]<SRCTAG Copy tag value (see -tagsFromFile) -tagsFromFile SRCFILE Copy tag values from file -x TAG (-exclude) Exclude specified tag L<Input-output text formatting|/Input-output text formatting> -args (-argFormat) Format metadata as exiftool arguments -b (-binary) Output metadata in binary format -c FMT (-coordFormat) Set format for GPS coordinates -charset [[TYPE=]CHARSET] Specify encoding for special characters -csv[[+]=CSVFILE] Export/import tags in CSV format -csvDelim STR Set delimiter for CSV file -d FMT (-dateFormat) Set format for date/time values -D (-decimal) Show tag ID numbers in decimal -E,-ex,-ec (-escape(HTML|XML|C))Escape tag values for HTML, XML or C -f (-forcePrint) Force printing of all specified tags -g[NUM...] (-groupHeadings) Organize output by tag group -G[NUM...] (-groupNames) Print group name for each tag -h (-htmlFormat) Use HTML formatting for output -H (-hex) Show tag ID numbers in hexadecimal -htmlDump[OFFSET] Generate HTML-format binary dump -j[[+]=JSONFILE] (-json) Export/import tags in JSON format -l (-long) Use long 2-line output format -L (-latin) Use Windows Latin1 encoding -lang [LANG] Set current language -listItem INDEX Extract specific item from a list -n (--printConv) No print conversion -p FMTFILE (-printFormat) Print output in specified format -php Export tags as a PHP Array -s[NUM] (-short) Short output format -S (-veryShort) Very short output format -sep STR (-separator) Set separator string for list items -sort Sort output alphabetically -struct Enable output of structured information -t (-tab) Output in tab-delimited list format -T (-table) Output in tabular format -v[NUM] (-verbose) Print verbose messages -w[+|!] EXT (-textOut) Write (or overwrite!) output text files -W[+|!] FMT (-tagOut) Write output text file for each tag -Wext EXT (-tagOutExt) Write only specified file types with -W -X (-xmlFormat) Use RDF/XML output format L<Processing control|/Processing control> -a (-duplicates) Allow duplicate tags to be extracted -e (--composite) Do not generate composite tags -ee[NUM] (-extractEmbedded) Extract information from embedded files -ext[+] EXT (-extension) Process files with specified extension -F[OFFSET] (-fixBase) Fix the base for maker notes offsets -fast[NUM] Increase speed when extracting metadata -fileOrder[NUM] [-]TAG Set file processing order -i DIR (-ignore) Ignore specified directory name -if[NUM] EXPR Conditionally process files -m (-ignoreMinorErrors) Ignore minor errors and warnings -o OUTFILE (-out) Set output file or directory name -overwrite_original Overwrite original by renaming tmp file -overwrite_original_in_place Overwrite original by copying tmp file -P (-preserve) Preserve file modification date/time -password PASSWD Password for processing protected files -progress[:[TITLE]] Show file progress count -q (-quiet) Quiet processing -r[.] (-recurse) Recursively process subdirectories -scanForXMP Brute force XMP scan -u (-unknown) Extract unknown tags -U (-unknown2) Extract unknown binary tags too -wm MODE (-writeMode) Set mode for writing/creating tags -z (-zip) Read/write compressed information L<Other options|/Other options> -@ ARGFILE Read command-line arguments from file -k (-pause) Pause before terminating -list[w|f|wf|g[NUM]|d|x] List various exiftool capabilities -ver Print exiftool version number -- End of options L<Special features|/Special features> -geotag TRKFILE Geotag images from specified GPS log -globalTimeShift SHIFT Shift all formatted date/time values -use MODULE Add features from plug-in module L<Utilities|/Utilities> -delete_original[!] Delete "_original" backups -restore_original Restore from "_original" backups L<Advanced options|/Advanced options> -api OPT[[^]=[VAL]] Set ExifTool API option -common_args Define common arguments -config CFGFILE Specify configuration file name -echo[NUM] TEXT Echo text to stdout or stderr -efile[NUM][!] ERRFILE Save names of files with errors -execute[NUM] Execute multiple commands on one line -list_dir List directories, not their contents -srcfile FMT Process a different source file -stay_open FLAG Keep reading -@ argfile even after EOF -userParam PARAM[[^]=[VAL]] Set user parameter (API UserParam opt) =head2 Option Details =head3 Tag operations =over 5 =item B<->I<TAG> Extract information for the specified tag (eg. C<-CreateDate>). Multiple tags may be specified in a single command. A tag name is the handle by which a piece of information is referenced. See L<Image::ExifTool::TagNames|Image::ExifTool::TagNames> for documentation on available tag names. A tag name may include leading group names separated by colons (eg. C<-EXIF:CreateDate>, or C<-Doc1:XMP:Creator>), and each group name may be prefixed by a digit to specify family number (eg. C<-1IPTC:City>). Use the B<-listg> option to list available group names by family. A special tag name of C<All> may be used to indicate all meta information (ie. B<-All>). This is particularly useful when a group name is specified to extract all information in a group (but beware that unless the B<-a> option is also used, some tags in the group may be suppressed by same-named tags in other groups). The wildcard characters C<?> and C<*> may be used in a tag name to match any single character and zero or more characters respectively. These may not be used in a group name, with the exception that a group name of C<*> (or C<All>) may be used to extract all instances of a tag (as if B<-a> was used). Note that arguments containing wildcards must be quoted on the command line of most systems to prevent shell globbing. A C<#> may be appended to the tag name to disable the print conversion on a per-tag basis (see the B<-n> option). This may also be used when writing or copying tags. If no tags are specified, all available information is extracted (as if C<-All> had been specified). Note: Descriptions, not tag names, are shown by default when extracting information. Use the B<-s> option to see the tag names instead. =item B<-->I<TAG> Exclude specified tag from extracted information. Same as the B<-x> option. Group names and wildcards are permitted as described above for B<-TAG>. Once excluded from the output, a tag may not be re-included by a subsequent option. May also be used following a B<-tagsFromFile> option to exclude tags from being copied (when redirecting to another tag, it is the source tag that should be excluded), or to exclude groups from being deleted when deleting all information (eg. C<-all= --exif:all> deletes all but EXIF information). But note that this will not exclude individual tags from a group delete (unless a family 2 group is specified, see note 4 below). Instead, individual tags may be recovered using the B<-tagsFromFile> option (eg. C<-all= -tagsfromfile @ -artist>). To speed processing when reading XMP, exclusions in XMP groups also bypass processing of the corresponding XMP property and any contained properties. For example, C<--xmp-crs:all> may speed processing significantly in cases where a large number of XMP-crs tags exist. To use this feature to bypass processing of a specific XMP property, the property name must be used instead of the ExifTool tag name (eg. C<--xmp-crs:dabs>). Also, C<XMP-all> may be used to to indicate any XMP namespace (eg. <C--xmp-all:dabs>). =item B<->I<TAG>[+-^]B<=>[I<VALUE>] Write a new value for the specified tag (eg. C<-comment=wow>), or delete the tag if no I<VALUE> is given (eg. C<-comment=>). C<+=> and C<-=> are used to add or remove existing entries from a list, or to shift date/time values (see L<Image::ExifTool::Shift.pl|Image::ExifTool::Shift.pl> and note 6 below for more details). C<+=> may also be used to increment numerical values (or decrement if I<VALUE> is negative), and C<-=> may be used to conditionally delete or replace a tag (see L</WRITING EXAMPLES> for examples). C<^=> is used to write an empty string instead of deleting the tag when no I<VALUE> is given, but otherwise it is equivalent to C<=>, but note that the caret must be quoted on the Windows command line. I<TAG> may contain one or more leading family 0, 1, 2 or 7 group names, prefixed by optional family numbers, and separated colons. If no group name is specified, the tag is created in the preferred group, and updated in any other location where a same-named tag already exists. The preferred group in JPEG and TIFF-format images is the first group in the following list where I<TAG> is valid: 1) EXIF, 2) IPTC, 3) XMP. The wildcards C<*> and C<?> may be used in tag names to assign the same value to multiple tags. When specified with wildcards, "Unsafe" tags are not written. A tag name of C<All> is equivalent to C<*> (except that it doesn't require quoting, while arguments with wildcards do on systems with shell globbing), and is often used when deleting all metadata (ie. C<-All=>) or an entire group (eg. C<-XMP-dc:All=>, see note 4 below). Note that not all groups are deletable, and that the JPEG APP14 "Adobe" group is not removed by default with C<-All=> because it may affect the appearance of the image. However, color space information is removed, so the colors may be affected (but this may be avoided by copying back the tags defined by the ColorSpaceTags shortcut). Use the B<-listd> option for a complete list of deletable groups, and see note 5 below regarding the "APP" groups. Also, within an image some groups may be contained within others, and these groups are removed if the containing group is deleted: JPEG Image: - Deleting EXIF or IFD0 also deletes ExifIFD, GlobParamIFD, GPS, IFD1, InteropIFD, MakerNotes, PrintIM and SubIFD. - Deleting ExifIFD also deletes InteropIFD and MakerNotes. - Deleting Photoshop also deletes IPTC. TIFF Image: - Deleting EXIF only removes ExifIFD which also deletes InteropIFD and MakerNotes. Notes: 1) B<Many tag values may be assigned in a single command>. If two assignments affect the same tag, the latter takes precedence (except for list-type tags, for which both values are written). 2) In general, MakerNotes tags are considered "Permanent", and may be edited but not created or deleted individually. This avoids many potential problems, including the inevitable compatibility problems with OEM software which may be very inflexible about the information it expects to find in the maker notes. 3) Changes to PDF files by ExifTool are reversible (by deleting the update with C<-PDF-update:all=>) because the original information is never actually deleted from the file. So ExifTool alone may not be used to securely edit metadata in PDF files. 4) Specifying C<-GROUP:all=> deletes the entire group as a block only if a single family 0 or 1 group is specified. Otherwise all deletable tags in the specified group(s) are removed individually, and in this case is it possible to exclude individual tags from a mass delete. For example, C<-time:all --Exif:Time:All> removes all deletable Time tags except those in the EXIF. This difference also applies if family 2 is specified when deleting all groups. For example, C<-2all:all=> deletes tags individually, while C<-all:all=> deletes entire blocks. 5) The "APP" group names ("APP0" through "APP15") are used to delete JPEG application segments which are not associated with another deletable group. For example, specifying C<-APP14:All=> will NOT delete the APP14 "Adobe" segment because this is accomplished with C<-Adobe:All>. 6) When shifting a value, the shift is applied to the original value of the tag, overriding any other values previously assigned to the tag on the same command line. To shift a date/time value and copy it to another tag in the same operation, use the B<-globalTimeShift> option. Special feature: Integer values may be specified in hexadecimal with a leading C<0x>, and simple rational values may be specified as fractions. =item B<->I<TAG>E<lt>=I<DATFILE> or B<->I<TAG>E<lt>=I<FMT> Set the value of a tag from the contents of file I<DATFILE>. The file name may also be given by a I<FMT> string where %d, %f and %e represent the directory, file name and extension of the original I<FILE> (see the B<-w> option for more details). Note that quotes are required around this argument to prevent shell redirection since it contains a C<E<lt>> symbol. If I<DATFILE>/I<FMT> is not provided, the effect is the same as C<-TAG=>, and the tag is simply deleted. C<+E<lt>=> or C<-E<lt>=> may also be used to add or delete specific list entries, or to shift date/time values. =item B<-tagsFromFile> I<SRCFILE> or I<FMT> Copy tag values from I<SRCFILE> to I<FILE>. Tag names on the command line after this option specify the tags to be copied, or excluded from the copy. Wildcards are permitted in these tag names. If no tags are specified, then all possible tags (see note 1 below) from the source file are copied to same-named tags in the preferred location of the output file (the same as specifying C<-all>). More than one B<-tagsFromFile> option may be used to copy tags from multiple files. By default, this option will update any existing and writable same-named tags in the output I<FILE>, but will create new tags only in their preferred groups. This allows some information to be automatically transferred to the appropriate group when copying between images of different formats. However, if a group name is specified for a tag then the information is written only to this group (unless redirected to another group, see below). If C<All> is used as a group name, then the specified tag(s) are written to the same family 1 group they had in the source file (ie. the same specific location, like ExifIFD or XMP-dc). For example, the common operation of copying all writable tags to the same specific locations in the output I<FILE> is achieved by adding C<-all:all>. A different family may be specified by adding a leading family number to the group name (eg. C<-0all:all> preserves the same general location, like EXIF or XMP). I<SRCFILE> may be the same as I<FILE> to move information around within a single file. In this case, C<@> may be used to represent the source file (ie. C<-tagsFromFile @>), permitting this feature to be used for batch processing multiple files. Specified tags are then copied from each file in turn as it is rewritten. For advanced batch use, the source file name may also be specified using a I<FMT> string in which %d, %f and %e represent the directory, file name and extension of I<FILE>. (eg. the current I<FILE> would be represented by C<%d%f.%e>, with the same effect as C<@>). See the B<-w> option for I<FMT> string examples. A powerful redirection feature allows a destination tag to be specified for each copied tag. With this feature, information may be written to a tag with a different name or group. This is done using E<quot>'-I<DSTTAG>E<lt>I<SRCTAG>'E<quot> or E<quot>'-I<SRCTAG>E<gt>I<DSTTAG>'E<quot> on the command line after B<-tagsFromFile>, and causes the value of I<SRCTAG> to be copied from I<SRCFILE> and written to I<DSTTAG> in I<FILE>. Has no effect unless I<SRCTAG> exists in I<SRCFILE>. Note that this argument must be quoted to prevent shell redirection, and there is no C<=> sign as when assigning new values. Source and/or destination tags may be prefixed by a group name and/or suffixed by C<#>. Wildcards are allowed in both the source and destination tag names. A destination group and/or tag name of C<All> or C<*> writes to the same family 1 group and/or tag name as the source. If no destination group is specified, the information is written to the preferred group. Whitespace around the C<E<gt>> or C<E<lt>> is ignored. As a convenience, C<-tagsFromFile @> is assumed for any redirected tags which are specified without a prior B<-tagsFromFile> option. Copied tags may also be added or deleted from a list with arguments of the form E<quot>'-I<SRCTAG>+E<lt>I<DSTTAG>'E<quot> or E<quot>'-I<SRCTAG>-E<lt>I<DSTTAG>'E<quot> (but see Note 5 below). An extension of the redirection feature allows strings involving tag names to be used on the right hand side of the C<E<lt>> symbol with the syntax E<quot>'-I<DSTTAG>E<lt>I<STR>'E<quot>, where tag names in I<STR> are prefixed with a C<$> symbol. See the B<-p> option and the L</Advanced formatting feature> section for more details about this syntax. Strings starting with a C<=> sign must insert a single space after the C<E<lt>> to avoid confusion with the C<E<lt>=> operator which sets the tag value from the contents of a file. A single space at the start of the string is removed if it exists, but all other whitespace in the string is preserved. See note 8 below about using the redirection feature with list-type stags, shortcuts or when using wildcards in tag names. See L</COPYING EXAMPLES> for examples using B<-tagsFromFile>. Notes: 1) Some tags (generally tags which may affect the appearance of the image) are considered "Unsafe" to write, and are only copied if specified explicitly (ie. no wildcards). See the L<tag name documentation|Image::ExifTool::TagNames> for more details about "Unsafe" tags. 2) Be aware of the difference between excluding a tag from being copied (--I<TAG>), and deleting a tag (-I<TAG>=). Excluding a tag prevents it from being copied to the destination image, but deleting will remove a pre-existing tag from the image. 3) The maker note information is copied as a block, so it isn't affected like other information by subsequent tag assignments on the command line, and individual makernote tags may not be excluded from a block copy. Also, since the PreviewImage referenced from the maker notes may be rather large, it is not copied, and must be transferred separately if desired. 4) The order of operations is to copy all specified tags at the point of the B<-tagsFromFile> option in the command line. Any tag assignment to the right of the B<-tagsFromFile> option is made after all tags are copied. For example, new tag values are set in the order One, Two, Three then Four with this command: exiftool -One=1 -tagsFromFile s.jpg -Two -Four=4 -Three d.jpg This is significant in the case where an overlap exists between the copied and assigned tags because later operations may override earlier ones. 5) The normal behaviour of copied tags differs from that of assigned tags for list-type tags and conditional replacements because each copy operation on a tag overrides any previous operations. While this avoids duplicate list items when copying groups of tags from a file containing redundant information, it also prevents values of different tags from being copied into the same list when this is the intent. So a B<-addTagsFromFile> option is provided which allows copying of multiple tags into the same list. eg) exiftool -addtagsfromfile @ '-subject<make' '-subject<model' ... Similarly, B<-addTagsFromFile> must be used when conditionally replacing a tag to prevent overriding earlier conditions. Other than these differences, the B<-tagsFromFile> and B<-addTagsFromFile> options are equivalent. 6) The B<-a> option (allow duplicate tags) is always in effect when copying tags from I<SRCFILE>, but the highest priority tag is always copied last so it takes precedence. 7) Structured tags are copied by default when copying tags. See the B<-struct> option for details. 8) With the redirection feature, copying a tag directly (ie. E<quot>'-I<DSTTAG>E<lt>I<SRCTAG>'E<quot>) is not the same as interpolating its value inside a string (ie. E<quot>'-I<DSTTAG>E<lt>$I<SRCTAG>'E<quot>) for list-type tags, L<shortcut tags|Image::ExifTool::Shortcuts>, tag names containing wildcards, or UserParam variables. When copying directly, the values of each matching source tag are copied individually to the destination tag (as if they were separate assignments). However, when interpolated inside a string, list items and the values of shortcut tags are concatenated (with a separator set by the B<-sep> option), and wildcards are not allowed. Also, UserParam variables are available only when interpolated in a string. Another difference is that a minor warning is generated if a tag doesn't exist when interpolating its value in a string (with C<$>), but isn't when copying the tag directly. Finally, the behaviour is different when a destination tag or group of C<All> is used. When copying directly, a destination group and/or tag name of C<All> writes to the same family 1 group and/or tag name as the source. But when interpolated in a string, the identity of the source tags are lost and the value is written to all possible groups/tags. For example, the string form must be used in the following command since the intent is to set the value of all existing date/time tags from C<CreateDate>: exiftool '-time:all<$createdate' -wm w FILE =item B<-x> I<TAG> (B<-exclude>) Exclude the specified tag. There may be multiple B<-x> options. This has the same effect as --I<TAG> on the command line. See the --I<TAG> documentation above for a complete description. =back =head3 Input-output text formatting Note that trailing spaces are removed from extracted values for most output text formats. The exceptions are B<-b>, B<-csv>, B<-j> and B<-X>. =over 5 =item B<-args> (B<-argFormat>) Output information in the form of exiftool arguments, suitable for use with the B<-@> option when writing. May be combined with the B<-G> option to include group names. This feature may be used to effectively copy tags between images, but allows the metadata to be altered by editing the intermediate file (C<out.args> in this example): exiftool -args -G1 --filename --directory src.jpg > out.args exiftool -@ out.args -sep ', ' dst.jpg Note: Be careful when copying information with this technique since it is easy to write tags which are normally considered "Unsafe". For instance, the FileName and Directory tags are excluded in the example above to avoid renaming and moving the destination file. Also note that the second command above will produce warning messages for any tags which are not writable. As well, the B<-sep> option should be used as in the second command above to maintain separate list items when writing metadata back to image files, and the B<-struct> option may be used when extracting to preserve structured XMP information. =item B<-b>, B<--b> (B<-binary>, B<--binary>) Output requested metadata in binary format without tag names or descriptions (B<-b> or B<-binary>). This option is mainly used for extracting embedded images or other binary data, but it may also be useful for some text strings since control characters (such as newlines) are not replaced by '.' as they are in the default output. By default, list items are separated by a newline when extracted with the B<-b> option, but this may be changed (see the B<-sep> option for details). May be combined with B<-j>, B<-php> or B<-X> to extract binary data in JSON, PHP or XML format, but note that "Unsafe" tags are not extracted as binary unless they are specified explicitly or the API RequestAll option is set to 3 or higher. With a leading double dash (B<--b> or B<--binary>), tags which contain binary data are suppressed in the output when reading. =item B<-c> I<FMT> (B<-coordFormat>) Set the print format for GPS coordinates. I<FMT> uses the same syntax as a C<printf> format string. The specifiers correspond to degrees, minutes and seconds in that order, but minutes and seconds are optional. For example, the following table gives the output for the same coordinate using various formats: FMT Output ------------------- ------------------ "%d deg %d' %.2f"\" 54 deg 59' 22.80" (default for reading) "%d %d %.8f" 54 59 22.80000000 (default for copying) "%d deg %.4f min" 54 deg 59.3800 min "%.6f degrees" 54.989667 degrees Notes: 1) To avoid loss of precision, the default coordinate format is different when copying tags using the B<-tagsFromFile> option. 2) If the hemisphere is known, a reference direction (N, S, E or W) is appended to each printed coordinate, but adding a C<+> to the format specifier (eg. C<%+.6f>) prints a signed coordinate instead. 3) This print formatting may be disabled with the B<-n> option to extract coordinates as signed decimal degrees. =item B<-charset> [[I<TYPE>=]I<CHARSET>] If I<TYPE> is C<ExifTool> or not specified, this option sets the ExifTool character encoding for output tag values when reading and input values when writing, with a default of C<UTF8>. If no I<CHARSET> is given, a list of available character sets is returned. Valid I<CHARSET> values are: CHARSET Alias(es) Description ---------- --------------- ---------------------------------- UTF8 cp65001, UTF-8 UTF-8 characters (default) Latin cp1252, Latin1 Windows Latin1 (West European) Latin2 cp1250 Windows Latin2 (Central European) Cyrillic cp1251, Russian Windows Cyrillic Greek cp1253 Windows Greek Turkish cp1254 Windows Turkish Hebrew cp1255 Windows Hebrew Arabic cp1256 Windows Arabic Baltic cp1257 Windows Baltic Vietnam cp1258 Windows Vietnamese Thai cp874 Windows Thai DOSLatinUS cp437 DOS Latin US DOSLatin1 cp850 DOS Latin1 DOSCyrillic cp866 DOS Cyrillic MacRoman cp10000, Roman Macintosh Roman MacLatin2 cp10029 Macintosh Latin2 (Central Europe) MacCyrillic cp10007 Macintosh Cyrillic MacGreek cp10006 Macintosh Greek MacTurkish cp10081 Macintosh Turkish MacRomanian cp10010 Macintosh Romanian MacIceland cp10079 Macintosh Icelandic MacCroatian cp10082 Macintosh Croatian I<TYPE> may be C<FileName> to specify the encoding of file names on the command line (ie. I<FILE> arguments). In Windows, this triggers use of wide-character i/o routines, thus providing support for Unicode file names. See the L</WINDOWS UNICODE FILE NAMES> section below for details. Other values of I<TYPE> listed below are used to specify the internal encoding of various meta information formats. TYPE Description Default --------- ------------------------------------------- ------- EXIF Internal encoding of EXIF "ASCII" strings (none) ID3 Internal encoding of ID3v1 information Latin IPTC Internal IPTC encoding to assume when Latin IPTC:CodedCharacterSet is not defined Photoshop Internal encoding of Photoshop IRB strings Latin QuickTime Internal encoding of QuickTime strings MacRoman RIFF Internal encoding of RIFF strings 0 See L<https://exiftool.org/faq.html#Q10> for more information about coded character sets, and the L<Image::ExifTool Options|Image::ExifTool/Options> for more details about the B<-charset> settings. =item B<-csv>[[+]=I<CSVFILE>] Export information in CSV format, or import information if I<CSVFILE> is specified. When importing, the CSV file must be in exactly the same format as the exported file. The first row of the I<CSVFILE> must be the ExifTool tag names (with optional group names) for each column of the file, and values must be separated by commas. A special "SourceFile" column specifies the files associated with each row of information (and a SourceFile of "*" may be used to define default tags to be imported for all files which are combined with any tags specified for the specific SourceFile processed). The B<-csvDelim> option may be used to change the input/output field delimiter if something other than a comma is required. The following examples demonstrate basic use of the B<-csv> option: # generate CSV file with common tags from all images in a directory exiftool -common -csv dir > out.csv # update metadata for all images in a directory from CSV file exiftool -csv=a.csv dir Empty values are ignored when importing (unless the B<-f> option is used and the API MissingTagValue is set to an empty string, in which case the tag is deleted). Also, FileName and Directory columns are ignored if they exist (ie. ExifTool will not attempt to write these tags with a CSV import). To force a tag to be deleted, use the B<-f> option and set the value to "-" in the CSV file (or to the MissingTagValue if this API option was used). Multiple databases may be imported in a single command. When exporting a CSV file, the B<-g> or B<-G> option adds group names to the tag headings. If the B<-a> option is used to allow duplicate tag names, the duplicate tags are only included in the CSV output if the column headings are unique. Adding the B<-G4> option ensures a unique column heading for each tag. The B<-b> option may be added to output binary data, encoded in base64 if necessary (indicated by ASCII "base64:" as the first 7 bytes of the value). Values may also be encoded in base64 if the B<-charset> option is used and the value contains invalid characters. When exporting specific tags, the CSV columns are arranged in the same order as the specified tags provided the column headings exactly match the specified tag names, otherwise the columns are sorted in alphabetical order. When importing from a CSV file, only files specified on the command line are processed. Any extra entries in the CSV file are ignored. List-type tags are stored as simple strings in a CSV file, but the B<-sep> option may be used to split them back into separate items when importing. Special feature: B<-csv>+=I<CSVFILE> may be used to add items to existing lists. This affects only list-type tags. Also applies to the B<-j> option. Note that this option is fundamentally different than all other output format options because it requires information from all input files to be buffered in memory before the output is written. This may result in excessive memory usage when processing a very large number of files with a single command. Also, it makes this option incompatible with the B<-w> option. When processing a large number of files, it is recommended to either use the JSON (B<-j>) or XML (B<-X>) output format, or use B<-p> to generate a fixed-column CSV file instead of using the B<-csv> option. =item B<-csvDelim> I<STR> Set the delimiter for separating CSV entries for CSV file input/output via the B<-csv> option. I<STR> may contain "\t", "\n", "\r" and "\\" to represent TAB, LF, CR and '\' respectively. A double quote is not allowed in the delimiter. Default is ','. =item B<-d> I<FMT> (B<-dateFormat>) Set the format for date/time tag values. The I<FMT> string may contain formatting codes beginning with a percent character (C<%>) to represent the various components of a date/time value. The specifics of the I<FMT> syntax are system dependent -- consult the C<strftime> man page on your system for details. The default format is equivalent to "%Y:%m:%d %H:%M:%S". This option has no effect on date-only or time-only tags and ignores timezone information if present. ExifTool adds a C<%f> format code to represent fractional seconds, and supports an optional width to specify the number of digits after the decimal point (eg. C<%3f> would give something like C<.437>). Only one B<-d> option may be used per command. Requires POSIX::strptime or Time::Piece for the inversion conversion when writing. =item B<-D> (B<-decimal>) Show tag ID number in decimal when extracting information. =item B<-E>, B<-ex>, B<-ec> (B<-escapeHTML>, B<-escapeXML>, B<-escapeC>) Escape characters in output tag values for HTML (B<-E>), XML (B<-ex>) or C (B<-ec>). For HTML, all characters with Unicode code points above U+007F are escaped as well as the following 5 characters: & (&) E<39> (') E<quot> (") E<gt> (>) and E<lt> (<). For XML, only these 5 characters are escaped. The B<-E> option is implied with B<-h>, and B<-ex> is implied with B<-X>. For C, all control characters and the backslash are escaped. The inverse conversion is applied when writing tags. =item B<-f> (B<-forcePrint>) Force printing of tags even if their values are not found. This option only applies when specific tags are requested on the command line (ie. not with wildcards or by C<-all>). With this option, a dash (C<->) is printed for the value of any missing tag, but the dash may be changed via the API MissingTagValue option. May also be used to add a 'flags' attribute to the B<-listx> output, or to allow tags to be deleted when writing with the B<-csv>=I<CSVFILE> feature. =item B<-g>[I<NUM>][:I<NUM>...] (B<-groupHeadings>) Organize output by tag group. I<NUM> specifies a group family number, and may be 0 (general location), 1 (specific location), 2 (category), 3 (document number), 4 (instance number), 5 (metadata path), 6 (EXIF/TIFF format) or 7 (tag ID). B<-g0> is assumed if a family number is not specified. May be combined with other options to add group names to the output. Multiple families may be specified by separating them with colons. By default the resulting group name is simplified by removing any leading C<Main:> and collapsing adjacent identical group names, but this can be avoided by placing a colon before the first family number (eg. B<-g:3:1>). Use the B<-listg> option to list group names for a specified family. The API SavePath and SaveFormat options are automatically enabled if the respective family 5 or 6 group names are requested. See the L<API GetGroup documentation|Image::ExifTool/GetGroup> for more information. =item B<-G>[I<NUM>][:I<NUM>...] (B<-groupNames>) Same as B<-g> but print group name for each tag. B<-G0> is assumed if I<NUM> is not specified. May be combined with a number of other options to add group names to the output. Note that I<NUM> may be added wherever B<-G> is mentioned in the documentation. See the B<-g> option above for details. =item B<-h> (B<-htmlFormat>) Use HTML table formatting for output. Implies the B<-E> option. The formatting options B<-D>, B<-H>, B<-g>, B<-G>, B<-l> and B<-s> may be used in combination with B<-h> to influence the HTML format. =item B<-H> (B<-hex>) Show tag ID number in hexadecimal when extracting information. =item B<-htmlDump>[I<OFFSET>] Generate a dynamic web page containing a hex dump of the EXIF information. This can be a very powerful tool for low-level analysis of EXIF information. The B<-htmlDump> option is also invoked if the B<-v> and B<-h> options are used together. The verbose level controls the maximum length of the blocks dumped. An I<OFFSET> may be given to specify the base for displayed offsets. If not provided, the EXIF/TIFF base offset is used. Use B<-htmlDump0> for absolute offsets. Currently only EXIF/TIFF and JPEG information is dumped, but the -u option can be used to give a raw hex dump of other file formats. =item B<-j>[[+]=I<JSONFILE>] (B<-json>) Use JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) formatting for console output, or import JSON file if I<JSONFILE> is specified. This option may be combined with B<-g> to organize the output into objects by group, or B<-G> to add group names to each tag. List-type tags with multiple items are output as JSON arrays unless B<-sep> is used. By default XMP structures are flattened into individual tags in the JSON output, but the original structure may be preserved with the B<-struct> option (this also causes all list-type XMP tags to be output as JSON arrays, otherwise single-item lists would be output as simple strings). The B<-a> option is implied when B<-json> is used, but entries with identical JSON names are suppressed in the output. (B<-G4> may be used to ensure that all tags have unique JSON names.) Adding the B<-D> or B<-H> option changes tag values to JSON objects with "val" and "id" fields, and adding B<-l> adds a "desc" field, and a "num" field if the numerical value is different from the converted "val". The B<-b> option may be added to output binary data, encoded in base64 if necessary (indicated by ASCII "base64:" as the first 7 bytes of the value), and B<-t> may be added to include tag table information (see B<-t> for details). The JSON output is UTF-8 regardless of any B<-L> or B<-charset> option setting, but the UTF-8 validation is disabled if a character set other than UTF-8 is specified. If I<JSONFILE> is specified, the file is imported and the tag definitions from the file are used to set tag values on a per-file basis. The special "SourceFile" entry in each JSON object associates the information with a specific target file. An object with a missing SourceFile or a SourceFile of "*" defines default tags for all target files which are combined with any tags specified for the specific SourceFile processed. The imported JSON file must have the same format as the exported JSON files with the exception that the B<-g> option is not compatible with the import file format (use B<-G> instead). Additionally, tag names in the input JSON file may be suffixed with a C<#> to disable print conversion. Unlike CSV import, empty values are not ignored, and will cause an empty value to be written if supported by the specific metadata type. Tags are deleted by using the B<-f> option and setting the tag value to "-" (or to the MissingTagValue setting if this API option was used). Importing with B<-j>+=I<JSONFILE> causes new values to be added to existing lists. =item B<-l> (B<-long>) Use long 2-line Canon-style output format. Adds a description and unconverted value (if it is different from the converted value) to the XML, JSON or PHP output when B<-X>, B<-j> or B<-php> is used. May also be combined with B<-listf>, B<-listr> or B<-listwf> to add descriptions of the file types. =item B<-L> (B<-latin>) Use Windows Latin1 encoding (cp1252) for output tag values instead of the default UTF-8. When writing, B<-L> specifies that input text values are Latin1 instead of UTF-8. Equivalent to C<-charset latin>. =item B<-lang> [I<LANG>] Set current language for tag descriptions and converted values. I<LANG> is C<de>, C<fr>, C<ja>, etc. Use B<-lang> with no other arguments to get a list of available languages. The default language is C<en> if B<-lang> is not specified. Note that tag/group names are always English, independent of the B<-lang> setting, and translation of warning/error messages has not yet been implemented. May also be combined with B<-listx> to output descriptions in one language only. By default, ExifTool uses UTF-8 encoding for special characters, but the the B<-L> or B<-charset> option may be used to invoke other encodings. Note that ExifTool uses Unicode::LineBreak if available to help preserve the column alignment of the plain text output for languages with a variable-width character set. Currently, the language support is not complete, but users are welcome to help improve this by submitting their own translations. To submit a translation, follow these steps (you must have Perl installed for this): 1. Download and unpack the latest Image-ExifTool full distribution. 2. 'cd' into the Image-ExifTool directory. 3. Run this command to make an XML file of the desired tags (eg. EXIF): ./exiftool -listx -exif:all > out.xml 4. Copy this text into a file called 'import.pl' in the exiftool directory: push @INC, 'lib'; require Image::ExifTool::TagInfoXML; my $file = shift or die "Expected XML file name\n"; $Image::ExifTool::TagInfoXML::makeMissing = shift; Image::ExifTool::TagInfoXML::BuildLangModules($file,8); 5. Run the 'import.pl' script to Import the XML file, generating the 'MISSING' entries for your language (eg. Russian): perl import.pl out.xml ru 6. Edit the generated language module lib/Image/ExifTool/Lang/ru.pm, and search and replace all 'MISSING' strings in the file with your translations. 7. Email the module ('ru.pm' in this example) to philharvey66 at gmail.com 8. Thank you!! =item B<-listItem> I<INDEX> For list-type tags, this causes only the item with the specified index to be extracted. I<INDEX> is 0 for the first item in the list. Negative indices may also be used to reference items from the end of the list. Has no effect on single-valued tags. Also applies to tag values when copying from a tag, and in B<-if> conditions. =item B<-n> (B<--printConv>) Disable print conversion for all tags. By default, extracted values are converted to a more human-readable format, but the B<-n> option disables this conversion, revealing the machine-readable values. For example: > exiftool -Orientation -S a.jpg Orientation: Rotate 90 CW > exiftool -Orientation -S -n a.jpg Orientation: 6 The print conversion may also be disabled on a per-tag basis by suffixing the tag name with a C<#> character: > exiftool -Orientation# -Orientation -S a.jpg Orientation: 6 Orientation: Rotate 90 CW These techniques may also be used to disable the inverse print conversion when writing. For example, the following commands all have the same effect: > exiftool -Orientation='Rotate 90 CW' a.jpg > exiftool -Orientation=6 -n a.jpg > exiftool -Orientation#=6 a.jpg =item B<-p> I<FMTFILE> or I<STR> (B<-printFormat>) Print output in the format specified by the given file or string. The argument is interpreted as a string unless a file of that name exists, in which case the string is loaded from the contents of the file. Tag names in the format file or string begin with a C<$> symbol and may contain leading group names and/or a trailing C<#> (to disable print conversion). Case is not significant. Braces C<{}> may be used around the tag name to separate it from subsequent text. Use C<$$> to represent a C<$> symbol, and C<$/> for a newline. Multiple B<-p> options may be used, each contributing a line (or more) of text to the output. Lines beginning with C<#[HEAD]> and C<#[TAIL]> are output before the first processed file and after the last processed file respectively. Lines beginning with C<#[SECT]> and C<#[ENDS]> are output before and after each section of files. A section is defined as a group of consecutive files with the same section header (eg. files are grouped by directory if C<#[SECT]> contains C<$directory>). Lines beginning with C<#[BODY]> and lines not beginning with C<#> are output for each processed file. Lines beginning with C<#[IF]> are not output, but all BODY lines are skipped if any tag on an IF line doesn't exist. Other lines beginning with C<#> are ignored. (To output a line beginning with C<#>, use C<#[BODY]#>.) For example, this format file: # this is a comment line #[HEAD]-- Generated by ExifTool $exifToolVersion -- File: $FileName - $DateTimeOriginal (f/$Aperture, ${ShutterSpeed}s, ISO $EXIF:ISO) #[TAIL]-- end -- with this command: exiftool -p test.fmt a.jpg b.jpg produces output like this: -- Generated by ExifTool 12.40 -- File: a.jpg - 2003:10:31 15:44:19 (f/5.6, 1/60s, ISO 100) File: b.jpg - 2006:05:23 11:57:38 (f/8.0, 1/13s, ISO 100) -- end -- The values of List-type tags with multiple items and Shortcut tags representing multiple tags are joined according the the B<-sep> option setting when interpolated in the string. When B<-ee> (B<-extractEmbedded>) is combined with B<-p>, embedded documents are effectively processed as separate input files. If a specified tag does not exist, a minor warning is issued and the line with the missing tag is not printed. However, the B<-f> option may be used to set the value of missing tags to '-' (but this may be configured via the API MissingTagValue option), or the B<-m> option may be used to ignore minor warnings and leave the missing values empty. Alternatively, B<-q -q> may be used to simply suppress the warning messages. The L</Advanced formatting feature> may be used to modify the values of individual tags with the B<-p> option. =item B<-php> Format output as a PHP Array. The B<-g>, B<-G>, B<-D>, B<-H>, B<-l>, B<-sep> and B<-struct> options combine with B<-php>, and duplicate tags are handled in the same way as with the B<-json> option. As well, the B<-b> option may be added to output binary data, and B<-t> may be added to include tag table information (see B<-t> for details). Here is a simple example showing how this could be used in a PHP script: <?php eval('$array=' . `exiftool -php -q image.jpg`); print_r($array); ?> =item B<-s>[I<NUM>] (B<-short>) Short output format. Prints tag names instead of descriptions. Add I<NUM> or up to 3 B<-s> options for even shorter formats: -s1 or -s - print tag names instead of descriptions -s2 or -s -s - no extra spaces to column-align values -s3 or -s -s -s - print values only (no tag names) Also effective when combined with B<-t>, B<-h>, B<-X> or B<-listx> options. =item B<-S> (B<-veryShort>) Very short format. The same as B<-s2> or two B<-s> options. Tag names are printed instead of descriptions, and no extra spaces are added to column-align values. =item B<-sep> I<STR> (B<-separator>) Specify separator string for items in list-type tags. When reading, the default is to join list items with ", ". When writing, this option causes values assigned to list-type tags to be split into individual items at each substring matching I<STR> (otherwise they are not split by default). Space characters in I<STR> match zero or more whitespace characters in the value. Note that an empty separator ("") is allowed, and will join items with no separator when reading, or split the value into individual characters when writing. For pure binary output (B<-b> used without B<-j>, B<-php> or B<-X>), the first B<-sep> option specifies a list-item separator, and a second B<-sep> option specifies a terminator for the end of the list (or after each value if not a list). In these strings, C<\n>, C<\r> and C<\t> may be used to represent a newline, carriage return and tab respectively. By default, binary list items are separated by a newline, and no terminator is added. =item B<-sort>, B<--sort> Sort output by tag description, or by tag name if the B<-s> option is used. When sorting by description, the sort order will depend on the B<-lang> option setting. Without the B<-sort> option, tags appear in the order they were specified on the command line, or if not specified, the order they were extracted from the file. By default, tags are organized by groups when combined with the B<-g> or B<-G> option, but this grouping may be disabled with B<--sort>. =item B<-struct>, B<--struct> Output structured XMP information instead of flattening to individual tags. This option works well when combined with the XML (B<-X>) and JSON (B<-j>) output formats. For other output formats, XMP structures and lists are serialized into the same format as when writing structured information (see L<https://exiftool.org/struct.html> for details). When copying, structured tags are copied by default unless B<--struct> is used to disable this feature (although flattened tags may still be copied by specifying them individually unless B<-struct> is used). These options have no effect when assigning new values since both flattened and structured tags may always be used when writing. =item B<-t> (B<-tab>) Output a tab-delimited list of description/values (useful for database import). May be combined with B<-s> to print tag names instead of descriptions, or B<-S> to print tag values only, tab-delimited on a single line. The B<-t> option may be combined with B<-j>, B<-php> or B<-X> to add tag table information (C<table>, tag C<id>, and C<index> for cases where multiple conditional tags exist with the same ID). =item B<-T> (B<-table>) Output tag values in table form. Equivalent to B<-t -S -q -f>. =item B<-v>[I<NUM>] (B<-verbose>) Print verbose messages. I<NUM> specifies the level of verbosity in the range 0-5, with higher numbers being more verbose. If I<NUM> is not given, then each B<-v> option increases the level of verbosity by 1. With any level greater than 0, most other options are ignored and normal console output is suppressed unless specific tags are extracted. Using B<-v0> causes the console output buffer to be flushed after each line (which may be useful to avoid delays when piping exiftool output), and prints the name of each processed file when writing. Also see the B<-progress> option. =item B<-w>[+|!] I<EXT> or I<FMT> (B<-textOut>) Write console output to files with names ending in I<EXT>, one for each source file. The output file name is obtained by replacing the source file extension (including the '.') with the specified extension (and a '.' is added to the start of I<EXT> if it doesn't already contain one). Alternatively, a I<FMT> string may be used to give more control over the output file name and directory. In the format string, %d, %f and %e represent the directory, filename and extension of the source file, and %c represents a copy number which is automatically incremented if the file already exists. %d includes the trailing '/' if necessary, but %e does not include the leading '.'. For example: -w %d%f.txt # same effect as "-w txt" -w dir/%f_%e.out # write files to "dir" as "FILE_EXT.out" -w dir2/%d%f.txt # write to "dir2", keeping dir structure -w a%c.txt # write to "a.txt" or "a1.txt" or "a2.txt"... Existing files will not be changed unless an exclamation point is added to the option name (ie. B<-w!> or B<-textOut!>) to overwrite the file, or a plus sign (ie. B<-w+> or B<-textOut+>) to append to the existing file. Both may be used (ie. B<-w+!> or B<-textOut+!>) to overwrite output files that didn't exist before the command was run, and append the output from multiple source files. For example, to write one output file for all source files in each directory: exiftool -filename -createdate -T -w+! %d/out.txt -r DIR Capitalized format codes %D, %F, %E and %C provide slightly different alternatives to the lower case versions. %D does not include the trailing '/', %F is the full filename including extension, %E includes the leading '.', and %C increments the count for each processed file (see below). Notes: 1) In a Windows BAT file the C<%> character is represented by C<%%>, so an argument like C<%d%f.txt> is written as C<%%d%%f.txt>. 2) If the argument for B<-w> does not contain a valid format code (eg. %f), then it is interpreted as a file extension, but there are three different ways to create a single output file from multiple source files: # 1. Shell redirection exiftool FILE1 FILE2 ... > out.txt # 2. With the -w option and a zero-width format code exiftool -w+! %0fout.txt FILE1 FILE2 ... # 3. With the -W option (see the -W option below) exiftool -W+! out.txt FILE1 FILE2 ... Advanced features: A substring of the original file name, directory or extension may be taken by specifying a field width immediately following the '%' character. If the width is negative, the substring is taken from the end. The substring position (characters to ignore at the start or end of the string) may be given by a second optional value after a decimal point. For example: Input File Name Format Specifier Output File Name ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- Picture-123.jpg %7f.txt Picture.txt Picture-123.jpg %-.4f.out Picture.out Picture-123.jpg %7f.%-3f Picture.123 Picture-123a.jpg Meta%-3.1f.txt Meta123.txt (Note that special characters may have a width of greater than one.) For %d and %D, the field width/position specifiers may be applied to the directory levels instead of substring position by using a colon instead of a decimal point in the format specifier. For example: Source Dir Format Result Notes ------------ ------ ---------- ------------------ pics/2012/02 %2:d pics/2012/ take top 2 levels pics/2012/02 %-:1d pics/2012/ up one directory level pics/2012/02 %:1d 2012/02/ ignore top level pics/2012/02 %1:1d 2012/ take 1 level after top pics/2012/02 %-1:D 02 bottom level folder name /Users/phil %:2d phil/ ignore top 2 levels (Note that the root directory counts as one level when an absolute path is used as in the last example above.) For %c, these modifiers have a different effects. If a field width is given, the copy number is padded with zeros to the specified width. A leading '-' adds a dash before the copy number, and a '+' adds an underline. By default, the copy number is omitted from the first file of a given name, but this can be changed by adding a decimal point to the modifier. For example: -w A%-cZ.txt # AZ.txt, A-1Z.txt, A-2Z.txt ... -w B%5c.txt # B.txt, B00001.txt, B00002.txt ... -w C%.c.txt # C0.txt, C1.txt, C2.txt ... -w D%-.c.txt # D-0.txt, D-1.txt, D-2.txt ... -w E%-.4c.txt # E-0000.txt, E-0001.txt, E-0002.txt ... -w F%-.4nc.txt # F-0001.txt, F-0002.txt, F-0003.txt ... -w G%+c.txt # G.txt, G_1.txt G_2.txt ... -w H%-lc.txt # H.txt, H-b.txt, H-c.txt ... -w I.%.3uc.txt # I.AAA.txt, I.AAB.txt, I.AAC.txt ... A special feature allows the copy number to be incremented for each processed file by using %C (upper case) instead of %c. This allows a sequential number to be added to output file names, even if the names are different. For %C, a copy number of zero is not omitted as it is with %c. A leading '-' causes the number to be reset at the start of each new directory, and '+' has no effect. The number before the decimal place gives the starting index, the number after the decimal place gives the field width. The following examples show the output filenames when used with the command C<exiftool rose.jpg star.jpg jet.jpg ...>: -w %C%f.txt # 0rose.txt, 1star.txt, 2jet.txt -w %f-%10C.txt # rose-10.txt, star-11.txt, jet-12.txt -w %.3C-%f.txt # 000-rose.txt, 001-star.txt, 002-jet.txt -w %57.4C%f.txt # 0057rose.txt, 0058star.txt, 0059jet.txt All format codes may be modified by 'l' or 'u' to specify lower or upper case respectively (ie. C<%le> for a lower case file extension). When used to modify %c or %C, the numbers are changed to an alphabetical base (see example H above). Also, %c and %C may be modified by 'n' to count using natural numbers starting from 1, instead of 0 (see example F above). This same I<FMT> syntax is used with the B<-o> and B<-tagsFromFile> options, although %c and %C are only valid for output file names. =item B<-W>[+|!] I<FMT> (B<-tagOut>) This enhanced version of the B<-w> option allows a separate output file to be created for each extracted tag. See the B<-w> option documentation above for details of the basic functionality. Listed here are the differences between B<-W> and B<-w>: 1) With B<-W>, a new output file is created for each extracted tag. 2) B<-W> supports four additional format codes: %t, %g and %s represent the tag name, group name, and suggested extension for the output file (based on the format of the data), and %o represents the value of the OriginalRawFileName or OriginalFileName tag from the input file (including extension). The %g code may be followed by a single digit to specify the group family number (eg. %g1), otherwise family 0 is assumed. The substring width/position/case specifiers may be used with these format codes in exactly the same way as with %f and %e. 3) The argument for B<-W> is interpreted as a file name if it contains no format codes. (For B<-w>, this would be a file extension.) This change allows a simple file name to be specified, which, when combined with the append feature, provides a method to write metadata from multiple source files to a single output file without the need for shell redirection. For example, the following pairs of commands give the same result: # overwriting existing text file exiftool test.jpg > out.txt # shell redirection exiftool test.jpg -W+! out.txt # equivalent -W option # append to existing text file exiftool test.jpg >> out.txt # shell redirection exiftool test.jpg -W+ out.txt # equivalent -W option 4) Adding the B<-v> option to B<-W> sends a list of the tags and output file names to the console instead of giving a verbose dump of the entire file. (Unless appending all output to one file for each source file by using B<-W+> with an output file I<FMT> that does not contain %t, %g, %s or %o.) 5) Individual list items are stored in separate files when B<-W> is combined with B<-b>, but note that for separate files to be created %c or %C must be used in I<FMT> to give the files unique names. =item B<-Wext> I<EXT>, B<--Wext> I<EXT> (B<-tagOutExt>) This option is used to specify the type of output file(s) written by the B<-W> option. An output file is written only if the suggested extension matches I<EXT>. Multiple B<-Wext> options may be used to write more than one type of file. Use B<--Wext> to write all but the specified type(s). =item B<-X> (B<-xmlFormat>) Use ExifTool-specific RDF/XML formatting for console output. Implies the B<-a> option, so duplicate tags are extracted. The formatting options B<-b>, B<-D>, B<-H>, B<-l>, B<-s>, B<-sep>, B<-struct> and B<-t> may be used in combination with B<-X> to affect the output, but note that the tag ID (B<-D>, B<-H> and B<-t>), binary data (B<-b>) and structured output (B<-struct>) options are not effective for the short output (B<-s>). Another restriction of B<-s> is that only one tag with a given group and name may appear in the output. Note that the tag ID options (B<-D>, B<-H> and B<-t>) will produce non-standard RDF/XML unless the B<-l> option is also used. By default, B<-X> outputs flattened tags, so B<-struct> should be added if required to preserve XMP structures. List-type tags with multiple values are formatted as an RDF Bag, but they are combined into a single string when B<-s> or B<-sep> is used. Using B<-L> changes the XML encoding from "UTF-8" to "windows-1252". Other B<-charset> settings change the encoding only if there is a corresponding standard XML character set. The B<-b> option causes binary data values to be written, encoded in base64 if necessary. The B<-t> option adds tag table information to the output (see B<-t> for details). Note: This output is NOT the same as XMP because it uses dynamically-generated property names corresponding to the ExifTool tag names with ExifTool family 1 group names as namespaces, and not the standard XMP properties and namespaces. To write XMP instead, use the B<-o> option with an XMP extension for the output file. =back =head3 Processing control =over 5 =item B<-a>, B<--a> (B<-duplicates>, B<--duplicates>) Allow (B<-a>) or suppress (B<--a>) duplicate tag names to be extracted. By default, duplicate tags are suppressed when reading unless the B<-ee> or B<-X> options are used or the Duplicates option is enabled in the configuration file. This option has an affect when writing only to allow duplicate Warning messages to be shown. Duplicate tags are always extracted when copying. =item B<-e> (B<--composite>) Extract existing tags only -- don't generate composite tags. =item B<-ee>[I<NUM>] (B<-extractEmbedded>) Extract information from embedded documents in EPS files, embedded EPS information and JPEG and Jpeg2000 images in PDF files, embedded MPF images in JPEG and MPO files, streaming metadata in AVCHD videos, and the resource fork of Mac OS files. Implies the B<-a> option. Use B<-g3> or B<-G3> to identify the originating document for extracted information. Embedded documents containing sub-documents are indicated with dashes in the family 3 group name. (eg. C<Doc2-3> is the 3rd sub-document of the 2nd embedded document.) Note that this option may increase processing time substantially, especially for PDF files with many embedded images or videos with streaming metadata. When used with B<-ee>, the B<-p> option is evaluated for each embedded document as if it were a separate input file. This allows, for example, generation of GPS track logs from timed metadata in videos. See L<https://exiftool.org/geotag.html#Inverse> for examples. Setting I<NUM> to 2 causes the H264 video stream in MP4 videos to be parsed until the first Supplemental Enhancement Information (SEI) message is decoded, or 3 to parse the entire H624 stream and decode all SEI information. For M2TS videos, a setting of 3 causes the entire file to be parsed in search of unlisted programs which may contain timed GPS. =item B<-ext>[+] I<EXT>, B<--ext> I<EXT> (B<-extension>) Process only files with (B<-ext>) or without (B<--ext>) a specified extension. There may be multiple B<-ext> and B<--ext> options. A plus sign may be added (ie. B<-ext+>) to add the specified extension to the normally processed files. EXT may begin with a leading '.', which is ignored. Case is not significant. C<"*"> may be used to process files with any extension (or none at all), as in the last three examples: exiftool -ext JPG DIR # process only JPG files exiftool --ext cr2 --ext dng DIR # supported files but CR2/DNG exiftool -ext+ txt DIR # supported files plus TXT exiftool -ext "*" DIR # process all files exiftool -ext "*" --ext xml DIR # process all but XML files exiftool -ext "*" --ext . DIR # all but those with no ext Using this option has two main advantages over specifying C<*.I<EXT>> on the command line: 1) It applies to files in subdirectories when combined with the B<-r> option. 2) The B<-ext> option is case-insensitive, which is useful when processing files on case-sensitive filesystems. Note that all files specified on the command line will be processed regardless of extension unless the B<-ext> option is used. =item B<-F>[I<OFFSET>] (B<-fixBase>) Fix the base for maker notes offsets. A common problem with some image editors is that offsets in the maker notes are not adjusted properly when the file is modified. This may cause the wrong values to be extracted for some maker note entries when reading the edited file. This option allows an integer I<OFFSET> to be specified for adjusting the maker notes base offset. If no I<OFFSET> is given, ExifTool takes its best guess at the correct base. Note that exiftool will automatically fix the offsets for images which store original offset information (eg. newer Canon models). Offsets are fixed permanently if B<-F> is used when writing EXIF to an image. eg) exiftool -F -exif:resolutionunit=inches image.jpg =item B<-fast>[I<NUM>] Increase speed of extracting information. With B<-fast> (or B<-fast1>), ExifTool will not scan to the end of a JPEG image to check for an AFCP or PreviewImage trailer, or past the first comment in GIF images or the audio/video data in WAV/AVI files to search for additional metadata. These speed benefits are small when reading images directly from disk, but can be substantial if piping images through a network connection. For more substantial speed benefits, B<-fast2> also causes exiftool to avoid extracting any EXIF MakerNote information. B<-fast3> avoids extracting metadata from the file, and returns only pseudo System tags, but still reads the file header to obtain an educated guess at FileType. B<-fast4> doesn't even read the file header, and returns only System tags and a FileType based on the file extension. B<-fast5> also disables generation of the Composite tags (like B<-e>). Has no effect when writing. Note that a separate B<-fast> setting may be used for evaluation of a B<-if> condition, or when ordering files with the B<-fileOrder> option. See the B<-if> and B<-fileOrder> options for details. =item B<-fileOrder>[I<NUM>] [-]I<TAG> Set file processing order according to the sorted value of the specified I<TAG>. For example, to process files in order of date: exiftool -fileOrder DateTimeOriginal DIR Additional B<-fileOrder> options may be added for secondary sort keys. Numbers are sorted numerically, and all other values are sorted alphabetically. Files missing the specified tag are sorted last. The sort order may be reversed by prefixing the tag name with a C<-> (eg. C<-fileOrder -createdate>). Print conversion of the sorted values is disabled with the B<-n> option, or a C<#> appended to the tag name. Other formatting options (eg. B<-d>) have no effect on the sorted values. Note that the B<-fileOrder> option can have a large performance impact since it involves an additional processing pass of each file, but this impact may be reduced by specifying a I<NUM> for the B<-fast> level used during the metadata-extraction phase. For example, B<-fileOrder4> may be used if I<TAG> is a pseudo System tag. If multiple B<-fileOrder> options are used, the extraction is done at the lowest B<-fast> level. Note that files are sorted across directory boundaries if multiple input directories are specified. =item B<-i> I<DIR> (B<-ignore>) Ignore specified directory name. I<DIR> may be either an individual folder name, or a full path. If a full path is specified, it must match the Directory tag exactly to be ignored. Use multiple B<-i> options to ignore more than one directory name. A special I<DIR> value of C<SYMLINKS> (case sensitive) may be specified to avoid recursing into directories which are symbolic links when the B<-r> option is used. As well, a value of C<HIDDEN> (case sensitive) may be used to ignore files with names that start with a "." (ie. hidden files on Unix systems) when scanning a directory. =item B<-if>[I<NUM>] I<EXPR> Specify a condition to be evaluated before processing each I<FILE>. I<EXPR> is a Perl-like logic expression containing tag names prefixed by C<$> symbols. It is evaluated with the tags from each I<FILE> in turn, and the file is processed only if the expression returns true. Unlike Perl variable names, tag names are not case sensitive and may contain a hyphen. As well, tag names may have a leading group names separated by colons, and/or a trailing C<#> character to disable print conversion. The expression C<$GROUP:all> evaluates to 1 if any tag exists in the specified C<GROUP>, or 0 otherwise (see note 2 below). When multiple B<-if> options are used, all conditions must be satisfied to process the file. Returns an exit status of 2 if all files fail the condition. Below are a few examples: # extract shutterspeed from all Canon images in a directory exiftool -shutterspeed -if '$make eq "Canon"' dir # add one hour to all images created on or after Apr. 2, 2006 exiftool -alldates+=1 -if '$CreateDate ge "2006:04:02"' dir # set EXIF ISO value if possible, unless it is set already exiftool '-exif:iso<iso' -if 'not $exif:iso' dir # find images containing a specific keyword (case insensitive) exiftool -if '$keywords =~ /harvey/i' -filename dir Adding I<NUM> to the B<-if> option causes a separate processing pass to be executed for evaluating I<EXPR> at a B<-fast> level given by I<NUM> (see the B<-fast> option documentation for details). Without I<NUM>, only one processing pass is done at the level specified by the B<-fast> option. For example, using B<-if5> is possible if I<EXPR> uses only pseudo System tags, and may significantly speed processing if enough files fail the condition. The expression has access to the current ExifTool object through C<$self>, and the following special functions are available to allow short-circuiting of the file processing. Both functions have a return value of 1. Case is significant for function names. End() - end processing after this file EndDir() - end processing of files in this directory (not compatible with the B<-fileOrder> option) Notes: 1) The B<-n> and B<-b> options also apply to tags used in I<EXPR>. 2) Some binary data blocks are not extracted unless specified explicitly. These tags are not available for use in the B<-if> condition unless they are also specified on the command line. The alternative is to use the C<$GROUP:all> syntax. (eg. Use C<$exif:all> instead of C<$exif> in I<EXPR> to test for the existence of EXIF tags.) 3) Tags in the string are interpolated the same way as with B<-p> before the expression is evaluated. In this interpolation, C<$/> is converted to a newline and C<$$> represents a single C<$> symbol (so Perl variables, if used, require a double C<$>). 4) The condition may only test tags from the file being processed. To process one file based on tags from another, two steps are required. For example, to process XMP sidecar files in directory C<DIR> based on tags from the associated NEF: exiftool -if EXPR -p '$directory/$filename' -ext nef DIR > nef.txt exiftool -@ nef.txt -srcfile %d%f.xmp ... 5) The B<-a> option has no effect on the evaluation of the expression, and the values of duplicate tags are accessible only by specifying a group name (such as a family 4 instance number, eg. C<$Copy1:TAG>, C<$Copy2:TAG>, etc). 6) A special "OK" UserParam is available to test the success of the previous command when B<-execute> was used, and may be used like any other tag in the condition (ie. "$OK"). =item B<-m> (B<-ignoreMinorErrors>) Ignore minor errors and warnings. This enables writing to files with minor errors and disables some validation checks which could result in minor warnings. Generally, minor errors/warnings indicate a problem which usually won't result in loss of metadata if ignored. However, there are exceptions, so ExifTool leaves it up to you to make the final decision. Minor errors and warnings are indicated by "[minor]" at the start of the message. Warnings which affect processing when ignored are indicated by "[Minor]" (with a capital "M"). Note that this causes missing values in B<-tagsFromFile>, B<-p> and B<-if> strings to be set to an empty string rather than an undefined value. =item B<-o> I<OUTFILE> or I<FMT> (B<-out>) Set the output file or directory name when writing information. Without this option, when any "real" tags are written the original file is renamed to C<FILE_original> and output is written to I<FILE>. When writing only FileName and/or Directory "pseudo" tags, B<-o> causes the file to be copied instead of moved, but directories specified for either of these tags take precedence over that specified by the B<-o> option. I<OUTFILE> may be C<-> to write to stdout. The output file name may also be specified using a I<FMT> string in which %d, %f and %e represent the directory, file name and extension of I<FILE>. Also, %c may be used to add a copy number. See the B<-w> option for I<FMT> string examples. The output file is taken to be a directory name if it already exists as a directory or if the name ends with '/'. Output directories are created if necessary. Existing files will not be overwritten. Combining the B<-overwrite_original> option with B<-o> causes the original source file to be erased after the output file is successfully written. A special feature of this option allows the creation of certain types of files from scratch, or with the metadata from another type of file. The following file types may be created using this technique: XMP, EXIF, EXV, MIE, ICC/ICM, VRD, DR4 The output file type is determined by the extension of I<OUTFILE> (specified as C<-.EXT> when writing to stdout). The output file is then created from a combination of information in I<FILE> (as if the B<-tagsFromFile> option was used), and tag values assigned on the command line. If no I<FILE> is specified, the output file may be created from scratch using only tags assigned on the command line. =item B<-overwrite_original> Overwrite the original I<FILE> (instead of preserving it by adding C<_original> to the file name) when writing information to an image. Caution: This option should only be used if you already have separate backup copies of your image files. The overwrite is implemented by renaming a temporary file to replace the original. This deletes the original file and replaces it with the edited version in a single operation. When combined with B<-o>, this option causes the original file to be deleted if the output file was successfully written (ie. the file is moved instead of copied). =item B<-overwrite_original_in_place> Similar to B<-overwrite_original> except that an extra step is added to allow the original file attributes to be preserved. For example, on a Mac this causes the original file creation date, type, creator, label color, icon, Finder tags, other extended attributes and hard links to the file to be preserved (but note that the Mac OS resource fork is always preserved unless specifically deleted with C<-rsrc:all=>). This is implemented by opening the original file in update mode and replacing its data with a copy of a temporary file before deleting the temporary. The extra step results in slower performance, so the B<-overwrite_original> option should be used instead unless necessary. Note that this option reverts to the behaviour of the B<-overwrite_original> option when also writing the FileName and/or Directory tags. =item B<-P> (B<-preserve>) Preserve the filesystem modification date/time (C<FileModifyDate>) of the original file when writing. Note that some filesystems store a creation date (ie. C<FileCreateDate> on Windows and Mac systems) which is not affected by this option. This creation date is preserved on Windows systems where Win32API::File and Win32::API are available regardless of this setting. For other systems, the B<-overwrite_original_in_place> option may be used if necessary to preserve the creation date. The B<-P> option is superseded by any value written to the FileModifyDate tag. =item B<-password> I<PASSWD> Specify password to allow processing of password-protected PDF documents. If a password is required but not given, a warning is issued and the document is not processed. This option is ignored if a password is not required. =item B<-progress>[:[I<TITLE>]] Show the progress when processing files. Without a colon, the B<-progress> option adds a progress count in brackets after the name of each processed file, giving the current file number and the total number of files to be processed. Implies the B<-v0> option, causing the names of processed files to also be printed when writing. When combined with the B<-if> option, the total count includes all files before the condition is applied, but files that fail the condition will not have their names printed. If followed by a colon (ie. B<-progress:>), the console window title is set according to the specified I<TITLE> string. If no I<TITLE> is given, a default I<TITLE> string of "ExifTool %p%%" is assumed. In the string, %f represents the file name, %p is the progress as a percent, %r is the progress as a ratio, %##b is a progress bar of width "##" (20 characters if "##" is omitted), and %% is a % character. May be combined with the normal B<-progress> option to also show the progress count in console messages. (Note: For this feature to function correctly on Mac/Linux, stderr must go to the console.) =item B<-q> (B<-quiet>) Quiet processing. One B<-q> suppresses normal informational messages, and a second B<-q> suppresses warnings as well. Error messages can not be suppressed, although minor errors may be downgraded to warnings with the B<-m> option, which may then be suppressed with C<-q -q>. =item B<-r>[.] (B<-recurse>) Recursively process files in subdirectories. Only meaningful if I<FILE> is a directory name. Subdirectories with names beginning with "." are not processed unless "." is added to the option name (ie. B<-r.> or B<-recurse.>). By default, exiftool will also follow symbolic links to directories if supported by the system, but this may be disabled with C<-i SYMLINKS> (see the B<-i> option for details). Combine this with B<-ext> options to control the types of files processed. =item B<-scanForXMP> Scan all files (even unsupported formats) for XMP information unless found already. When combined with the B<-fast> option, only unsupported file types are scanned. Warning: It can be time consuming to scan large files. =item B<-u> (B<-unknown>) Extract values of unknown tags. Add another B<-u> to also extract unknown information from binary data blocks. This option applies to tags with numerical tag ID's, and causes tag names like "Exif_0xc5d9" to be generated for unknown information. It has no effect on information types which have human-readable tag ID's (such as XMP), since unknown tags are extracted automatically from these formats. =item B<-U> (B<-unknown2>) Extract values of unknown tags as well as unknown information from some binary data blocks. This is the same as two B<-u> options. =item B<-wm> I<MODE> (B<-writeMode>) Set mode for writing/creating tags. I<MODE> is a string of one or more characters from the list below. The default write mode is C<wcg>. w - Write existing tags c - Create new tags g - create new Groups as necessary For example, use C<-wm cg> to only create new tags (and avoid editing existing ones). The level of the group is the SubDirectory level in the metadata structure. For XMP or IPTC this is the full XMP/IPTC block (the family 0 group), but for EXIF this is the individual IFD (the family 1 group). =item B<-z> (B<-zip>) When reading, causes information to be extracted from .gz and .bz2 compressed images (only one image per archive; requires gzip and bzip2 to be available). When writing, causes compressed information to be written if supported by the metadata format (eg. compressed textual metadata in PNG), disables the recommended padding in embedded XMP (saving 2424 bytes when writing XMP in a file), and writes XMP in shorthand format -- the equivalent of setting the API Compress=1 and Compact="NoPadding,Shorthand". =back =head3 Other options =over 5 =item B<-@> I<ARGFILE> Read command-line arguments from the specified file. The file contains one argument per line (NOT one option per line -- some options require additional arguments, and all arguments must be placed on separate lines). Blank lines and lines beginning with C<#> are ignored (unless they start with C<#[CSTR]>, in which case the rest of the line is treated as a C string, allowing standard C escape sequences such as "\n" for a newline). White space at the start of a line is removed. Normal shell processing of arguments is not performed, which among other things means that arguments should not be quoted and spaces are treated as any other character. I<ARGFILE> may exist relative to either the current directory or the exiftool directory unless an absolute pathname is given. For example, the following I<ARGFILE> will set the value of Copyright to "Copyright YYYY, Phil Harvey", where "YYYY" is the year of CreateDate: -d %Y -copyright<Copyright $createdate, Phil Harvey Arguments in I<ARGFILE> behave exactly the same as if they were entered at the location of the B<-@> option on the command line, with the exception that the B<-config> and B<-common_args> options may not be used in an I<ARGFILE>. =item B<-k> (B<-pause>) Pause with the message C<-- press any key --> or C<-- press RETURN --> (depending on your system) before terminating. This option is used to prevent the command window from closing when run as a Windows drag and drop application. =item B<-list>, B<-listw>, B<-listf>, B<-listr>, B<-listwf>, B<-listg>[I<NUM>], B<-listd>, B<-listx> Print a list of all valid tag names (B<-list>), all writable tag names (B<-listw>), all supported file extensions (B<-listf>), all recognized file extensions (B<-listr>), all writable file extensions (B<-listwf>), all tag groups [in a specified family] (B<-listg>[I<NUM>]), all deletable tag groups (B<-listd>), or an XML database of tag details including language translations (B<-listx>). The B<-list>, B<-listw> and B<-listx> options may be followed by an additional argument of the form C<-GROUP:All> to list only tags in a specific group, where C<GROUP> is one or more family 0-2 group names (excepting EXIF IFD groups) separated by colons. With B<-listg>, I<NUM> may be given to specify the group family, otherwise family 0 is assumed. The B<-l> option may be combined with B<-listf>, B<-listr> or B<-listwf> to add file descriptions to the list. The B<-lang> option may be combined with B<-listx> to output descriptions in a single language. Here are some examples: -list # list all tag names -list -EXIF:All # list all EXIF tags -list -xmp:time:all # list all XMP tags relating to time -listw -XMP-dc:All # list all writable XMP-dc tags -listf # list all supported file extensions -listr # list all recognized file extensions -listwf # list all writable file extensions -listg1 # list all groups in family 1 -listd # list all deletable groups -listx -EXIF:All # list database of EXIF tags in XML format -listx -XMP:All -s # list short XML database of XMP tags When combined with B<-listx>, the B<-s> option shortens the output by omitting the descriptions and values (as in the last example above), and B<-f> adds a 'flags' attribute if applicable. The flags are formatted as a comma-separated list of the following possible values: Avoid, Binary, List, Mandatory, Permanent, Protected, Unknown and Unsafe (see the L<Tag Name documentation|Image::ExifTool::TagNames>). For XMP List tags, the list type (Alt, Bag or Seq) is added to the flags, and flattened structure tags are indicated by a Flattened flag. Note that none of the B<-list> options require an input I<FILE>. =item B<-ver> Print exiftool version number. The B<-v> option may be added to print addition system information (see the README file of the full distribution for more details about optional libraries), or B<-v2> to also list the Perl include directories. =item B<--> Indicates the end of options. Any remaining arguments are treated as file names, even if they begin with a dash (C<->). =back =head3 Special features =over 5 =item B<-geotag> I<TRKFILE> Geotag images from the specified GPS track log file. Using the B<-geotag> option is equivalent to writing a value to the C<Geotag> tag. The GPS position is interpolated from the track at a time specified by the value written to the C<Geotime> tag. If C<Geotime> is not specified, the value is copied from C<DateTimeOriginal#> (the C<#> is added to copy the unformatted value, avoiding potential conflicts with the B<-d> option). For example, the following two commands are equivalent: exiftool -geotag trk.log image.jpg exiftool -geotag trk.log "-Geotime<DateTimeOriginal#" image.jpg When the C<Geotime> value is converted to UTC, the local system timezone is assumed unless the date/time value contains a timezone. Writing C<Geotime> causes the following tags to be written (provided they can be calculated from the track log, and they are supported by the destination metadata format): GPSLatitude, GPSLatitudeRef, GPSLongitude, GPSLongitudeRef, GPSAltitude, GPSAltitudeRef, GPSDateStamp, GPSTimeStamp, GPSDateTime, GPSTrack, GPSTrackRef, GPSSpeed, GPSSpeedRef, GPSImgDirection, GPSImgDirectionRef, GPSPitch, GPSRoll, AmbientTemperature and CameraElevationAngle. By default, tags are created in EXIF, and updated in XMP only if they already exist. However, C<EXIF:Geotime> or C<XMP:Geotime> may be specified to write only EXIF or XMP tags respectively. Note that GPSPitch and GPSRoll are non-standard, and require user-defined tags in order to be written. The C<Geosync> tag may be used to specify a time correction which is applied to each C<Geotime> value for synchronization with GPS time. For example, the following command compensates for image times which are 1 minute and 20 seconds behind GPS: exiftool -geosync=+1:20 -geotag a.log DIR Advanced C<Geosync> features allow a linear time drift correction and synchronization from previously geotagged images. See "geotag.html" in the full ExifTool distribution for more information. Multiple B<-geotag> options may be used to concatenate GPS track log data. Also, a single B<-geotag> option may be used to load multiple track log files by using wildcards in the I<TRKFILE> name, but note that in this case I<TRKFILE> must be quoted on most systems (with the notable exception of Windows) to prevent filename expansion. For example: exiftool -geotag "TRACKDIR/*.log" IMAGEDIR Currently supported track file formats are GPX, NMEA RMC/GGA/GLL, KML, IGC, Garmin XML and TCX, Magellan PMGNTRK, Honeywell PTNTHPR, Bramor gEO, Winplus Beacon TXT, and GPS/IMU CSV files. See L</GEOTAGGING EXAMPLES> for examples. Also see "geotag.html" in the full ExifTool distribution and the L<Image::ExifTool Options|Image::ExifTool/Options> for more details and for information about geotag configuration options. =item B<-globalTimeShift> I<SHIFT> Shift all formatted date/time values by the specified amount when reading. Does not apply to unformatted (B<-n>) output. I<SHIFT> takes the same form as the date/time shift when writing (see L<Image::ExifTool::Shift.pl|Image::ExifTool::Shift.pl> for details), with a negative shift being indicated with a minus sign (C<->) at the start of the I<SHIFT> string. For example: # return all date/times, shifted back by 1 hour exiftool -globalTimeShift -1 -time:all a.jpg # set the file name from the shifted CreateDate (-1 day) for # all images in a directory exiftool "-filename<createdate" -globaltimeshift "-0:0:1 0:0:0" \ -d %Y%m%d-%H%M%S.%%e dir =item B<-use> I<MODULE> Add features from specified plug-in I<MODULE>. Currently, the MWG module is the only plug-in module distributed with exiftool. This module adds read/write support for tags as recommended by the Metadata Working Group. As a convenience, C<-use MWG> is assumed if the C<MWG> group is specified for any tag on the command line. See the L<MWG Tags documentation|Image::ExifTool::TagNames/MWG Tags> for more details. Note that this option is not reversible, and remains in effect until the application terminates, even across the B<-execute> option. =back =head3 Utilities =over 5 =item B<-restore_original> =item B<-delete_original>[!] These utility options automate the maintenance of the C<_original> files created by exiftool. They have no effect on files without an C<_original> copy. The B<-restore_original> option restores the specified files from their original copies by renaming the C<_original> files to replace the edited versions. For example, the following command restores the originals of all JPG images in directory C<DIR>: exiftool -restore_original -ext jpg DIR The B<-delete_original> option deletes the C<_original> copies of all files specified on the command line. Without a trailing C<!> this option prompts for confirmation before continuing. For example, the following command deletes C<a.jpg_original> if it exists, after asking "Are you sure?": exiftool -delete_original a.jpg These options may not be used with other options to read or write tag values in the same command, but may be combined with options such B<-ext>, B<-if>, B<-r>, B<-q> and B<-v>. =back =head3 Advanced options Among other things, the advanced options allow complex processing to be performed from a single command without the need for additional scripting. This may be particularly useful for implementations such as Windows drag-and-drop applications. These options may also be used to improve performance in multi-pass processing by reducing the overhead required to load exiftool for each invocation. =over 5 =item B<-api> I<OPT[[^]=[VAL]]> Set ExifTool API option. I<OPT> is an API option name. The option value is set to 1 if I<=VAL> is omitted. If I<VAL> is omitted, the option value is set to undef if C<=> is used, or an empty string with C<^=>. See L<Image::ExifTool Options|Image::ExifTool/Options> for a list of available API options. This overrides API options set via the config file. =item B<-common_args> Specifies that all arguments following this option are common to all executed commands when B<-execute> is used. This and the B<-config> option are the only options that may not be used inside a B<-@> I<ARGFILE>. Note that by definition this option and its arguments MUST come after all other options on the command line. =item B<-config> I<CFGFILE> Load specified configuration file instead of the default ".ExifTool_config". If used, this option must come before all other arguments on the command line and applies to all B<-execute>'d commands. The I<CFGFILE> must exist relative to the current working directory or the exiftool application directory unless an absolute path is specified. Loading of the default config file may be disabled by setting I<CFGFILE> to an empty string (ie. ""). See L<https://exiftool.org/config.html> and config_files/example.config in the full ExifTool distribution for details about the configuration file syntax. =item B<-echo>[I<NUM>] I<TEXT> Echo I<TEXT> to stdout (B<-echo> or B<-echo1>) or stderr (B<-echo2>). Text is output as the command line is parsed, before the processing of any input files. I<NUM> may also be 3 or 4 to output text (to stdout or stderr respectively) after processing is complete. For B<-echo3> and B<-echo4>, "${status}" may be used in the I<TEXT> string to represent the numerical exit status of the command (see L</EXIT STATUS>). =item B<-efile>[I<NUM>][!] I<ERRFILE> Save the names of files giving errors (I<NUM> missing or 1), files that were unchanged (I<NUM> is 2), files that fail the B<-if> condition (I<NUM> is 4), or any combination thereof by summing I<NUM> (eg. B<-efile3> is the same has having both B<-efile> and B<-efile2> options with the same I<ERRFILE>). By default, file names are appended to any existing I<ERRFILE>, but I<ERRFILE> is overwritten if an exclamation point is added to the option (eg. B<-efile!>). Saves the name of the file specified by the B<-srcfile> option if applicable. =item B<-execute>[I<NUM>] Execute command for all arguments up to this point on the command line (plus any arguments specified by B<-common_args>). The result is as if the commands were executed as separate command lines (with the exception of the B<-config> and B<-use> options which remain in effect for subsequent commands). Allows multiple commands to be executed from a single command line. I<NUM> is an optional number that is echoed in the "{ready}" message when using the B<-stay_open> feature. If a I<NUM> is specified, the B<-q> option no longer suppresses the output "{readyNUM}" message. =item B<-list_dir> List directories themselves instead of their contents. This option effectively causes directories to be treated as normal files when reading and writing. For example, with this option the output of the C<ls -la> command on Mac/Linux may be approximated by this exiftool command: exiftool -list_dir -T -ls-l -api systemtags -fast5 .* * (The B<-T> option formats the output in tab-separated columns, B<-ls-l> is a L<shortcut tag|Image::ExifTool::Shortcuts>, the API SystemTags option is required to extract some necessary tags, and the B<-fast5> option is added for speed since only system tags are being extracted.) =item B<-srcfile> I<FMT> Specify a different source file to be processed based on the name of the original I<FILE>. This may be useful in some special situations for processing related preview images or sidecar files. See the B<-w> option for a description of the I<FMT> syntax. Note that file name I<FMT> strings for all options are based on the original I<FILE> specified from the command line, not the name of the source file specified by B<-srcfile>. For example, to copy metadata from NEF files to the corresponding JPG previews in a directory where other JPG images may exist: exiftool -ext nef -tagsfromfile @ -srcfile %d%f.jpg dir If more than one B<-srcfile> option is specified, the files are tested in order and the first existing source file is processed. If none of the source files already exist, then exiftool uses the first B<-srcfile> specified. A I<FMT> of C<@> may be used to represent the original I<FILE>, which may be useful when specifying multiple B<-srcfile> options (eg. to fall back to processing the original I<FILE> if no sidecar exists). When this option is used, two special UserParam tags (OriginalFileName and OriginalDirectory) are generated to allow access to the original I<FILE> name and directory. =item B<-stay_open> I<FLAG> If I<FLAG> is C<1> or C<True> (case insensitive), causes exiftool keep reading from the B<-@> I<ARGFILE> even after reaching the end of file. This feature allows calling applications to pre-load exiftool, thus avoiding the overhead of loading exiftool for each command. The procedure is as follows: 1) Execute C<exiftool -stay_open True -@ I<ARGFILE>>, where I<ARGFILE> is the name of an existing (possibly empty) argument file or C<-> to pipe arguments from the standard input. 2) Write exiftool command-line arguments to I<ARGFILE>, one argument per line (see the B<-@> option for details). 3) Write C<-execute\n> to I<ARGFILE>, where C<\n> represents a newline sequence. (Note: You may need to flush your write buffers here if using buffered output.) ExifTool will then execute the command with the arguments received up to this point, send a "{ready}" message to stdout when done (unless the B<-q> or B<-T> option is used), and continue trying to read arguments for the next command from I<ARGFILE>. To aid in command/response synchronization, any number appended to the B<-execute> option is echoed in the "{ready}" message. For example, C<-execute613> results in "{ready613}". When this number is added, B<-q> no longer suppresses the "{ready}" message. (Also, see the B<-echo3> and B<-echo4> options for additional ways to pass signals back to your application.) 4) Repeat steps 2 and 3 for each command. 5) Write C<-stay_open\nFalse\n> (or C<-stay_open\n0\n>) to I<ARGFILE> when done. This will cause exiftool to process any remaining command-line arguments then exit normally. The input I<ARGFILE> may be changed at any time before step 5 above by writing the following lines to the currently open I<ARGFILE>: -stay_open True -@ NEWARGFILE This causes I<ARGFILE> to be closed, and I<NEWARGFILE> to be kept open. (Without the B<-stay_open> here, exiftool would have returned to reading arguments from I<ARGFILE> after reaching the end of I<NEWARGFILE>.) Note: When writing arguments to a disk file there is a delay of up to 0.01 seconds after writing C<-execute\n> before exiftool starts processing the command. This delay may be avoided by sending a CONT signal to the exiftool process immediately after writing C<-execute\n>. (There is no associated delay when writing arguments via a pipe with C<-@ ->, so the signal is not necessary when using this technique.) =item B<-userParam> I<PARAM[[^]=[VAL]]> Set user parameter. I<PARAM> is an arbitrary user parameter name. This is an interface to the API UserParam option (see the L<Image::ExifTool Options|Image::ExifTool/Options> documentation), and provides a method to access user-defined parameters in arguments to the B<-if> and B<-p> options as if they were any other tag. Appending a hash tag (C<#>) to I<PARAM> (eg. C<-userParam MyTag#=yes>) also causes the parameter to be extracted as a normal tag in the UserParam group. Similar to the B<-api> option, the parameter value is set to 1 if I<=VAL> is omitted, undef if just I<VAL> is omitted with C<=>, or an empty string if I<VAL> is omitted with C<^=>. exiftool -p '$test from $filename' -userparam test=Hello FILE =back =head3 Advanced formatting feature An advanced formatting feature allows modification of the value of any tag interpolated within a B<-if> or B<-p> option argument, or a B<-tagsFromFile> redirection string. Tag names within these strings are prefixed by a C<$> symbol, and an arbitrary Perl expression may be applied to the tag value by placing braces around the tag name and inserting the expression after the name, separated by a semicolon (ie. C<${TAG;EXPR}>). The expression acts on the value of the tag through the default input variable (C<$_>), and has access to the full ExifTool API through the current ExifTool object (C<$self>) and the tag key (C<$tag>). It may contain any valid Perl code, including translation (C<tr///>) and substitution (C<s///>) operations, but note that braces within the expression must be balanced. The example below prints the camera Make with spaces translated to underlines, and multiple consecutive underlines replaced by a single underline: exiftool -p '${make;tr/ /_/;s/__+/_/g}' image.jpg An C<@> may be added after the tag name to make the expression act on individual list items for list-type tags, simplifying list processing. Set C<$_> to undef to remove an item from the list. As an example, the following command returns all subjects not containing the string "xxx": exiftool -p '${subject@;$_=undef if /xxx/}' image.jpg A default expression of C<tr(/\\?*:|"E<lt>E<gt>\0)()d> is assumed if the expression is empty (ie. C<${TAG;}>). This removes the characters / \ ? * : | E<lt> E<gt> and null from the printed value. (These characters are illegal in Windows file names, so this feature is useful if tag values are used in file names.) =head4 Helper functions C<DateFmt> Simplifies reformatting of individual date/time values. This function acts on a standard EXIF-formatted date/time value in C<$_> and formats it according to the specified format string (see the B<-d> option). To avoid trying to reformat an already-formatted date/time value, a C<#> must be added to the tag name (as in the example below) if the B<-d> option is also used. For example: exiftool -p '${createdate#;DateFmt("%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S")}' a.jpg C<ShiftTime> Shifts EXIF-formatted date/time string by a specified amount. Start with a leading minus sign to shift backwards in time. See L<Image::ExifTool::Shift.pl|Image::ExifTool::Shift.pl> for details about shift syntax. For example, to shift a date/time value back by one year: exiftool -p '${createdate;ShiftTime("-1:0:0 0")}' a.jpg C<NoDups> Removes duplicate items from a list with a separator specified by the B<-sep> option. This function is most useful when copying list-type tags. For example, the following command may be used to remove duplicate Keywords: exiftool -sep '##' '-keywords<${keywords;NoDups}' a.jpg The B<-sep> option is necessary to split the string back into individual list items when writing to a list-type tag. An optional flag argument may be set to 1 to cause C<NoDups> to set C<$_> to undef if no duplicates existed, thus preventing the file from being rewritten unnecessarily: exiftool -sep '##' '-keywords<${keywords;NoDups(1)}' a.jpg Note that function names are case sensitive. =head1 WINDOWS UNICODE FILE NAMES In Windows, command-line arguments are specified using the current code page and are recoded automatically to the system code page. This recoding is not done for arguments in ExifTool arg files, so by default filenames in arg files use the system code page. Unfortunately, these code pages are not complete character sets, so not all file names may be represented. ExifTool 9.79 and later allow the file name encoding to be specified with C<-charset filename=CHARSET>, where C<CHARSET> is the name of a valid ExifTool character set, preferably C<UTF8> (see the B<-charset> option for a complete list). Setting this triggers the use of Windows wide-character i/o routines, thus providing support for most Unicode file names (see note 4). But note that it is not trivial to pass properly encoded file names on the Windows command line (see L<https://exiftool.org/faq.html#Q18> for details), so placing them in a UTF-8 encoded B<-@> argfile and using C<-charset filename=utf8> is recommended if possible. A warning is issued if a specified filename contains special characters and the filename character set was not provided. However, the warning may be disabled by setting C<-charset filename="">, and ExifTool may still function correctly if the system code page matches the character set used for the file names. When a directory name is provided, the file name encoding need not be specified (unless the directory name contains special characters), and ExifTool will automatically use wide-character routines to scan the directory. The filename character set applies to the I<FILE> arguments as well as filename arguments of B<-@>, B<-geotag>, B<-o>, B<-p>, B<-srcfile>, B<-tagsFromFile>, B<-csv>=, B<-j>= and B<->I<TAG>E<lt>=. However, it does not apply to the B<-config> filename, which always uses the system character set. The C<-charset filename=> option must come before the B<-@> option to be effective, but the order doesn't matter with respect to other options. Notes: 1) FileName and Directory tag values still use the same encoding as other tag values, and are converted to/from the filename character set when writing/reading if specified. 2) Unicode support is not yet implemented for other Windows-based systems like Cygwin. 3) See L</WRITING READ-ONLY FILES> below for a note about editing read-only files with Unicode names. 4) Unicode file names with surrogate pairs (code points over U+FFFF) still cause problems. =head1 WRITING READ-ONLY FILES In general, ExifTool may be used to write metadata to read-only files provided that the user has write permission in the directory. However, there are three cases where file write permission is also required: 1) When using the B<-overwrite_original_in_place> option. 2) When writing only pseudo System tags (eg. FileModifyDate). 3) On Windows if the file has Unicode characters in its name, and a) the B<-overwrite_original> option is used, or b) the C<_original> backup already exists. Hidden files in Windows behave as read-only files when attempting to write any real tags to the file -- an error is generated when using the B<-overwrite_original_in_place>, otherwise writing should be successful and the hidden attribute will be removed. But the B<-if> option may be used to avoid processing hidden files (provided Win32API::File is available): exiftool -if "$fileattributes !~ /Hidden/" ... =head1 READING EXAMPLES B<Note>: Beware when cutting and pasting these examples into your terminal! Some characters such as single and double quotes and hyphens may have been changed into similar-looking yet functionally-different characters by the text formatter used to display this documentation. Also note that Windows users must use double quotes instead of single quotes as below around arguments containing special characters. =over 5 =item exiftool -a -u -g1 a.jpg Print all meta information in an image, including duplicate and unknown tags, sorted by group (for family 1). For performance reasons, this command may not extract all available metadata. (Metadata in embedded documents, metadata extracted by external utilities, and metadata requiring excessive processing time may not be extracted). Add C<-ee3> and C<-api RequestAll=3> to the command to extract absolutely everything available. =item exiftool -common dir Print common meta information for all images in C<dir>. C<-common> is a L<shortcut tag|Image::ExifTool::Shortcuts> representing common EXIF meta information. =item exiftool -T -createdate -aperture -shutterspeed -iso dir > out.txt List specified meta information in tab-delimited column form for all images in C<dir> to an output text file named "out.txt". =item exiftool -s -ImageSize -ExposureTime b.jpg Print ImageSize and ExposureTime tag names and values. =item exiftool -l -canon c.jpg d.jpg Print standard Canon information from two image files. =item exiftool -r -w .txt -common pictures Recursively extract common meta information from files in C<pictures> directory, writing text output to C<.txt> files with the same names. =item exiftool -b -ThumbnailImage image.jpg > thumbnail.jpg Save thumbnail image from C<image.jpg> to a file called C<thumbnail.jpg>. =item exiftool -b -JpgFromRaw -w _JFR.JPG -ext NEF -r . Recursively extract JPG image from all Nikon NEF files in the current directory, adding C<_JFR.JPG> for the name of the output JPG files. =item exiftool -a -b -W %d%f_%t%-c.%s -preview:all dir Extract all types of preview images (ThumbnailImage, PreviewImage, JpgFromRaw, etc.) from files in directory "dir", adding the tag name to the output preview image file names. =item exiftool -d '%r %a, %B %e, %Y' -DateTimeOriginal -S -s -ext jpg . Print formatted date/time for all JPG files in the current directory. =item exiftool -IFD1:XResolution -IFD1:YResolution image.jpg Extract image resolution from EXIF IFD1 information (thumbnail image IFD). =item exiftool '-*resolution*' image.jpg Extract all tags with names containing the word "Resolution" from an image. =item exiftool -xmp:author:all -a image.jpg Extract all author-related XMP information from an image. =item exiftool -xmp -b a.jpg > out.xmp Extract complete XMP data record intact from C<a.jpg> and write it to C<out.xmp> using the special C<XMP> tag (see the Extra tags in L<Image::ExifTool::TagNames|Image::ExifTool::TagNames>). =item exiftool -p '$filename has date $dateTimeOriginal' -q -f dir Print one line of output containing the file name and DateTimeOriginal for each image in directory C<dir>. =item exiftool -ee3 -p '$gpslatitude, $gpslongitude, $gpstimestamp' a.m2ts Extract all GPS positions from an AVCHD video. =item exiftool -icc_profile -b -w icc image.jpg Save complete ICC_Profile from an image to an output file with the same name and an extension of C<.icc>. =item exiftool -htmldump -w tmp/%f_%e.html t/images Generate HTML pages from a hex dump of EXIF information in all images from the C<t/images> directory. The output HTML files are written to the C<tmp> directory (which is created if it didn't exist), with names of the form 'FILENAME_EXT.html'. =item exiftool -a -b -ee -embeddedimage -W Image_%.3g3.%s file.pdf Extract embedded JPG and JP2 images from a PDF file. The output images will have file names like "Image_#.jpg" or "Image_#.jp2", where "#" is the ExifTool family 3 embedded document number for the image. =back =head1 WRITING EXAMPLES Note that quotes are necessary around arguments which contain certain special characters such as C<E<gt>>, C<E<lt>> or any white space. These quoting techniques are shell dependent, but the examples below will work for most Unix shells. With the Windows cmd shell however, double quotes should be used (eg. -Comment=E<34>This is a new commentE<34>). =over 5 =item exiftool -Comment='This is a new comment' dst.jpg Write new comment to a JPG image (replaces any existing comment). =item exiftool -comment= -o newdir -ext jpg . Remove comment from all JPG images in the current directory, writing the modified images to a new directory. =item exiftool -keywords=EXIF -keywords=editor dst.jpg Replace existing keyword list with two new keywords (C<EXIF> and C<editor>). =item exiftool -Keywords+=word -o newfile.jpg src.jpg Copy a source image to a new file, and add a keyword (C<word>) to the current list of keywords. =item exiftool -exposurecompensation+=-0.5 a.jpg Decrement the value of ExposureCompensation by 0.5 EV. Note that += with a negative value is used for decrementing because the -= operator is used for conditional deletion (see next example). =item exiftool -credit-=xxx dir Delete Credit information from all files in a directory where the Credit value was C<xxx>. =item exiftool -xmp:description-de='kühl' -E dst.jpg Write alternate language for XMP:Description, using HTML character escaping to input special characters. =item exiftool -all= dst.jpg Delete all meta information from an image. Note: You should NOT do this to RAW images (except DNG) since proprietary RAW image formats often contain information in the makernotes that is necessary for converting the image. =item exiftool -all= -comment='lonely' dst.jpg Delete all meta information from an image and add a comment back in. (Note that the order is important: C<-comment='lonely' -all=> would also delete the new comment.) =item exiftool -all= --jfif:all dst.jpg Delete all meta information except JFIF group from an image. =item exiftool -Photoshop:All= dst.jpg Delete Photoshop meta information from an image (note that the Photoshop information also includes IPTC). =item exiftool -r -XMP-crss:all= DIR Recursively delete all XMP-crss information from images in a directory. =item exiftool '-ThumbnailImageE<lt>=thumb.jpg' dst.jpg Set the thumbnail image from specified file (Note: The quotes are necessary to prevent shell redirection). =item exiftool '-JpgFromRawE<lt>=%d%f_JFR.JPG' -ext NEF -r . Recursively write JPEG images with filenames ending in C<_JFR.JPG> to the JpgFromRaw tag of like-named files with extension C<.NEF> in the current directory. (This is the inverse of the C<-JpgFromRaw> command of the L</READING EXAMPLES> section above.) =item exiftool -DateTimeOriginal-='0:0:0 1:30:0' dir Adjust original date/time of all images in directory C<dir> by subtracting one hour and 30 minutes. (This is equivalent to C<-DateTimeOriginal-=1.5>. See L<Image::ExifTool::Shift.pl|Image::ExifTool::Shift.pl> for details.) =item exiftool -createdate+=3 -modifydate+=3 a.jpg b.jpg Add 3 hours to the CreateDate and ModifyDate timestamps of two images. =item exiftool -AllDates+=1:30 -if '$make eq E<34>CanonE<34>' dir Shift the values of DateTimeOriginal, CreateDate and ModifyDate forward by 1 hour and 30 minutes for all Canon images in a directory. (The AllDates tag is provided as a shortcut for these three tags, allowing them to be accessed via a single tag.) =item exiftool -xmp:city=Kingston image1.jpg image2.nef Write a tag to the XMP group of two images. (Without the C<xmp:> this tag would get written to the IPTC group since C<City> exists in both, and IPTC is preferred by default.) =item exiftool -LightSource-='Unknown (0)' dst.tiff Delete C<LightSource> tag only if it is unknown with a value of 0. =item exiftool -whitebalance-=auto -WhiteBalance=tung dst.jpg Set C<WhiteBalance> to C<Tungsten> only if it was previously C<Auto>. =item exiftool -comment-= -comment='new comment' a.jpg Write a new comment only if the image doesn't have one already. =item exiftool -o %d%f.xmp dir Create XMP meta information data files for all images in C<dir>. =item exiftool -o test.xmp -owner=Phil -title='XMP File' Create an XMP data file only from tags defined on the command line. =item exiftool '-ICC_Profile<=%d%f.icc' image.jpg Write ICC_Profile to an image from a C<.icc> file of the same name. =item exiftool -hierarchicalkeywords='{keyword=one,children={keyword=B}}' Write structured XMP information. See L<https://exiftool.org/struct.html> for more details. =item exiftool -trailer:all= image.jpg Delete any trailer found after the end of image (EOI) in a JPEG file. A number of digital cameras store a large PreviewImage after the JPEG EOI, and the file size may be reduced significantly by deleting this trailer. See the L<JPEG Tags documentation|Image::ExifTool::TagNames/JPEG Tags> for a list of recognized JPEG trailers. =back =head1 COPYING EXAMPLES These examples demonstrate the ability to copy tag values between files. =over 5 =item exiftool -tagsFromFile src.cr2 dst.jpg Copy the values of all writable tags from C<src.cr2> to C<dst.jpg>, writing the information to same-named tags in the preferred groups. =item exiftool -TagsFromFile src.jpg -all:all dst.jpg Copy the values of all writable tags from C<src.jpg> to C<dst.jpg>, preserving the original tag groups. =item exiftool -all= -tagsfromfile src.jpg -exif:all dst.jpg Erase all meta information from C<dst.jpg> image, then copy EXIF tags from C<src.jpg>. =item exiftool -exif:all= -tagsfromfile @ -all:all -unsafe bad.jpg Rebuild all EXIF meta information from scratch in an image. This technique can be used in JPEG images to repair corrupted EXIF information which otherwise could not be written due to errors. The C<Unsafe> tag is a shortcut for unsafe EXIF tags in JPEG images which are not normally copied. See the L<tag name documentation|Image::ExifTool::TagNames> for more details about unsafe tags. =item exiftool -Tagsfromfile a.jpg out.xmp Copy meta information from C<a.jpg> to an XMP data file. If the XMP data file C<out.xmp> already exists, it will be updated with the new information. Otherwise the XMP data file will be created. Only metadata-only files may be created like this (files containing images may be edited but not created). See L</WRITING EXAMPLES> above for another technique to generate XMP files. =item exiftool -tagsFromFile a.jpg -XMP:All= -ThumbnailImage= -m b.jpg Copy all meta information from C<a.jpg> to C<b.jpg>, deleting all XMP information and the thumbnail image from the destination. =item exiftool -TagsFromFile src.jpg -title -author=Phil dst.jpg Copy title from one image to another and set a new author name. =item exiftool -TagsFromFile a.jpg -ISO -TagsFromFile b.jpg -comment dst.jpg Copy ISO from one image and Comment from another image to a destination image. =item exiftool -tagsfromfile src.jpg -exif:all --subifd:all dst.jpg Copy only the EXIF information from one image to another, excluding SubIFD tags. =item exiftool '-FileModifyDateE<lt>DateTimeOriginal' dir Use the original date from the meta information to set the same file's filesystem modification date for all images in a directory. (Note that C<-TagsFromFile @> is assumed if no other B<-TagsFromFile> is specified when redirecting information as in this example.) =item exiftool -TagsFromFile src.jpg '-xmp:allE<lt>all' dst.jpg Copy all possible information from C<src.jpg> and write in XMP format to C<dst.jpg>. =item exiftool '-Description<${FileName;s/\.[^.]*$//}' dir Set the image Description from the file name after removing the extension. This example uses the L</Advanced formatting feature> to perform a substitution operation to remove the last dot and subsequent characters from the file name. =item exiftool -@ iptc2xmp.args -iptc:all= a.jpg Translate IPTC information to XMP with appropriate tag name conversions, and delete the original IPTC information from an image. This example uses iptc2xmp.args, which is a file included with the ExifTool distribution that contains the required arguments to convert IPTC information to XMP format. Also included with the distribution are xmp2iptc.args (which performs the inverse conversion) and a few more .args files for other conversions between EXIF, IPTC and XMP. =item exiftool -tagsfromfile %d%f.CR2 -r -ext JPG dir Recursively rewrite all C<JPG> images in C<dir> with information copied from the corresponding C<CR2> images in the same directories. =item exiftool '-keywords+E<lt>make' image.jpg Add camera make to list of keywords. =item exiftool '-commentE<lt>ISO=$exif:iso Exposure=${shutterspeed}' dir Set the Comment tag of all images in C<dir> from the values of the EXIF:ISO and ShutterSpeed tags. The resulting comment will be in the form "ISO=100 Exposure=1/60". =item exiftool -TagsFromFile src.jpg -icc_profile dst.jpg Copy ICC_Profile from one image to another. =item exiftool -TagsFromFile src.jpg -all:all dst.mie Copy all meta information in its original form from a JPEG image to a MIE file. The MIE file will be created if it doesn't exist. This technique can be used to store the metadata of an image so it can be inserted back into the image (with the inverse command) later in a workflow. =item exiftool -o dst.mie -all:all src.jpg This command performs exactly the same task as the command above, except that the B<-o> option will not write to an output file that already exists. =item exiftool -b -jpgfromraw -w %d%f_%ue.jpg -execute -b -previewimage -w %d%f_%ue.jpg -execute -tagsfromfile @ -srcfile %d%f_%ue.jpg -overwrite_original -common_args --ext jpg DIR [Advanced] Extract JpgFromRaw or PreviewImage from all but JPG files in DIR, saving them with file names like C<image_EXT.jpg>, then add all meta information from the original files to the extracted images. Here, the command line is broken into three sections (separated by B<-execute> options), and each is executed as if it were a separate command. The B<-common_args> option causes the C<--ext jpg DIR> arguments to be applied to all three commands, and the B<-srcfile> option allows the extracted JPG image to be the source file for the third command (whereas the RAW files are the source files for the other two commands). =back =head1 RENAMING EXAMPLES By writing the C<FileName> and C<Directory> tags, files are renamed and/or moved to new directories. This can be particularly useful and powerful for organizing files by date when combined with the B<-d> option. New directories are created as necessary, but existing files will not be overwritten. The format codes %d, %f and %e may be used in the new file name to represent the directory, name and extension of the original file, and %c may be used to add a copy number if the file already exists (see the B<-w> option for details). Note that if used within a date format string, an extra '%' must be added to pass these codes through the date/time parser. (And further note that in a Windows batch file, all '%' characters must also be escaped, so in this extreme case '%%%%f' is necessary to pass a simple '%f' through the two levels of parsing.) See L<https://exiftool.org/filename.html> for additional documentation and examples. =over 5 =item exiftool -filename=new.jpg dir/old.jpg Rename C<old.jpg> to C<new.jpg> in directory C<dir>. =item exiftool -directory=%e dir Move all files from directory C<dir> into directories named by the original file extensions. =item exiftool '-Directory<DateTimeOriginal' -d %Y/%m/%d dir Move all files in C<dir> into a directory hierarchy based on year, month and day of C<DateTimeOriginal>. eg) This command would move the file C<dir/image.jpg> with a C<DateTimeOriginal> of C<2005:10:12 16:05:56> to C<2005/10/12/image.jpg>. =item exiftool -o . '-Directory<DateTimeOriginal' -d %Y/%m/%d dir Same effect as above except files are copied instead of moved. =item exiftool '-filename<%f_${model;}.%e' dir Rename all files in C<dir> by adding the camera model name to the file name. The semicolon after the tag name inside the braces causes characters which are invalid in Windows file names to be deleted from the tag value (see the L</Advanced formatting feature> for an explanation). =item exiftool '-FileName<CreateDate' -d %Y%m%d_%H%M%S%%-c.%%e dir Rename all images in C<dir> according to the C<CreateDate> date and time, adding a copy number with leading '-' if the file already exists (C<%-c>), and preserving the original file extension (C<%e>). Note the extra '%' necessary to escape the filename codes (C<%c> and C<%e>) in the date format string. =item exiftool -r '-FileName<CreateDate' -d %Y-%m-%d/%H%M_%%f.%%e dir Both the directory and the filename may be changed together via the C<FileName> tag if the new C<FileName> contains a '/'. The example above recursively renames all images in a directory by adding a C<CreateDate> timestamp to the start of the filename, then moves them into new directories named by date. =item exiftool '-FileName<${CreateDate}_$filenumber.jpg' -d %Y%m%d -ext jpg . Set the filename of all JPG images in the current directory from the CreateDate and FileNumber tags, in the form "20060507_118-1861.jpg". =back =head1 GEOTAGGING EXAMPLES ExifTool implements geotagging via 3 special tags: Geotag (which for convenience is also implemented as an exiftool option), Geosync and Geotime. The examples below highlight some geotagging features. See L<https://exiftool.org/geotag.html> for additional documentation. =over 5 =item exiftool -geotag track.log a.jpg Geotag an image (C<a.jpg>) from position information in a GPS track log (C<track.log>). Since the C<Geotime> tag is not specified, the value of DateTimeOriginal is used for geotagging. Local system time is assumed unless DateTimeOriginal contains a timezone. =item exiftool -geotag t.log -geotime='2009:04:02 13:41:12-05:00' a.jpg Geotag an image with the GPS position for a specific time. =item exiftool -geotag log.gpx '-xmp:geotimeE<lt>createdate' dir Geotag all images in directory C<dir> with XMP tags instead of EXIF tags, based on the image CreateDate. =item exiftool -geotag a.log -geosync=-20 dir Geotag images in directory C<dir>, accounting for image timestamps which were 20 seconds ahead of GPS. =item exiftool -geotag a.log -geosync=1.jpg -geosync=2.jpg dir Geotag images using time synchronization from two previously geotagged images (1.jpg and 2.jpg), synchronizing the image and GPS times using a linear time drift correction. =item exiftool -geotag a.log '-geotimeE<lt>${createdate}+01:00' dir Geotag images in C<dir> using CreateDate with the specified timezone. If CreateDate already contained a timezone, then the timezone specified on the command line is ignored. =item exiftool -geotag= a.jpg Delete GPS tags which may have been added by the geotag feature. Note that this does not remove all GPS tags -- to do this instead use C<-gps:all=>. =item exiftool -xmp:geotag= a.jpg Delete XMP GPS tags which were added by the geotag feature. =item exiftool -xmp:geotag=track.log a.jpg Geotag an image with XMP tags, using the time from DateTimeOriginal. =item exiftool -geotag a.log -geotag b.log -r dir Combine multiple track logs and geotag an entire directory tree of images. =item exiftool -geotag 'tracks/*.log' -r dir Read all track logs from the C<tracks> directory. =item exiftool -p gpx.fmt -d %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ dir > out.gpx Generate a GPX track log from all images in directory C<dir>. This example uses the C<gpx.fmt> file included in the full ExifTool distribution package and assumes that the images in C<dir> have all been previously geotagged. =back =head1 PIPING EXAMPLES =over 5 =item cat a.jpg | exiftool - Extract information from stdin. =item exiftool image.jpg -thumbnailimage -b | exiftool - Extract information from an embedded thumbnail image. =item cat a.jpg | exiftool -iptc:keywords+=fantastic - > b.jpg Add an IPTC keyword in a pipeline, saving output to a new file. =item curl -s http://a.domain.com/bigfile.jpg | exiftool -fast - Extract information from an image over the internet using the cURL utility. The B<-fast> option prevents exiftool from scanning for trailer information, so only the meta information header is transferred. =item exiftool a.jpg -thumbnailimage -b | exiftool -comment=wow - | exiftool a.jpg -thumbnailimage'<=-' Add a comment to an embedded thumbnail image. (Why anyone would want to do this I don't know, but I've included this as an example to illustrate the flexibility of ExifTool.) =back =head1 INTERRUPTING EXIFTOOL Interrupting exiftool with a CTRL-C or SIGINT will not result in partially written files or temporary files remaining on the hard disk. The exiftool application traps SIGINT and defers it until the end of critical processes if necessary, then does a proper cleanup before exiting. =head1 EXIT STATUS The exiftool application exits with a status of 0 on success, or 1 if an error occurred, or 2 if all files failed the B<-if> condition (for any of the commands if B<-execute> was used). =head1 AUTHOR Copyright 2003-2022, Phil Harvey This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. =head1 SEE ALSO L<Image::ExifTool(3pm)|Image::ExifTool>, L<Image::ExifTool::TagNames(3pm)|Image::ExifTool::TagNames>, L<Image::ExifTool::Shortcuts(3pm)|Image::ExifTool::Shortcuts>, L<Image::ExifTool::Shift.pl|Image::ExifTool::Shift.pl> =cut #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # end
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